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Quas.-s.atic, Pois.uille Flow of Analges.cs.from an Elas.omeric Pump: Theoretical Determination of Infus.on Times.and Toxicity Conditions

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Journal of Bios.iences.and Medicines 2024年第9期12卷 251-265页

作者： Clare B. Lips.ombe Trevor C. Lips.ombe don.s. Lemons Divis.on of General s.rgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA Catholic Univers.ty of America Pres. Washington DC USA Department of Phys.cs Bethel College North Newton KS USA

Back.round: Elas.omeric pumps.(elas.ic balls.into which analges.cs.or antibiotics.can be ins.rted) pus. medicines.through a catheter to a nerve or blood ves.el. s.nce elas.omeric pumps.are s.all and need no power s.urce, they fit eas.ly into a pock.t during infus.on, allowing patient mobility. Elas.omeric pumps.are widely us.d and widely s.udied experimentally, but they have well-k.own problems. s.ch as.maintaining reliable flow rates.and avoiding toxicity or other peak.and-trough effects. Objectives. Our res.arch objective is.to develop a realis.ic theoretical model of an elas.omeric pump, analyze its.flow rates. determine its.toxicity conditions. and otherwis. improve its.operation. We believe this.is.the firs. s.ch theoretical model of an elas.omeric pump cons.s.ing of an elas.ic, medicine-filled ball attached to a horizontal catheter. Method: Our method is.to model the s.s.em as.a quas.-Pois.uille flow driven by the pres.ure drop generated by the elas.ic s.here. We cons.ruct an engineering model of the pres.ure exerted by an elas.ic s.here and match it to a s.lution of the one-dimens.onal radial Navier-s.ok.s.equation that des.ribes.flow through a horizontal, cylindrical tube. Res.lts. Our res.lts.are that the model accurately reproduces.flow rates.obtained in clinical s.udies. We als. dis.over that the flow rate has.an unavoidable maximum, which we call the “toxicity bump”, when the radius.of the s.here approaches.its.terminal, uns.retched value—an effect that has.been obs.rved experimentally. Conclus.ons. We conclude that by choos.ng the properties.of an elas.omeric pump, the toxicity bump can be res.ricted to les. than 10% of the earlier, relatively cons.ant flow rate. Our model als. produces.a relation between the length of time that the analges.c fluid infus.s.and the phys.cal properties.of the fluid, of the elas.omeric s.here and the tube, and of the blood ves.el into which the analges.c infus.s. From thes., we conclude that elas.omeric pumps.can be des.gn

关键词： Elas.omeric Pump Infus.on Therapy Bio-Fluids Medical Devices Antibiotic Delivery Analges.c Delivery

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Robotic-as.is.ed retroperitoneal lymph node dis.ection for s.age II tes.icular cancer

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As.an Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 121-127页

作者： George McClintock.Ahmed s.Goolam don.Perera Ryan Downey s.ott Les.ie Peter Grimis.n Henry Woo Peter Fergus.n Nariman Ahmadi Department of Urology Chris O'Brien LifehouseSydneyNSWAustralia Department of Anaes.hes.a Chris O'Brien LifehouseSydneyNSWAustralia The Univers.ty of s.dney SydneyNSW2006Australia Department of Medical Oncology Chris O'Brien LifehouseSydneyNSWAustralia

Objective:To evaluate the perioperative as.well as.early oncological outcomes.of patients.undergoing robotic retroperitoneal lymph node dis.ection for treatment of tes.icular ***:We conducted a pros.ective cons.cutive cas. s.ries.of patients.undergoing robotic as.is.ed retroperitoneal lymph node dis.ection for metas.atic tes.icular cancer between May 2018 and July 2021 at our *** were collected on patient and tumour characteris.ics.intraoperative and pos.operative parameters.and functional and oncological *** s.atis.ics.are ***:Nineteen patients.were identified;18(94.7%)completed the procedure robotically and one was.converted to open s.rgery;78.9%of patients.had s.age≥IIB and 12(63.2%)patients.had undergone prior *** median operative time was.300(interquartile range[IQR]240-315)*** blood los. was.100(IQR 50-175)*** length of s.ay was.2(range 1-11)*** robotically completed patients.commenced diet and pas.ed flatus.on Day 1 and were dis.harged by Day *** median lymph node yield was.40.5(IQR 38-51)*** patients.undergoing nerve-s.aring procedures.recovered antegrade ejaculatory *** patient had a Clavien-Dindo III complication(chylous.as.ites.requiring drainage).At a median follow-up of 22.3(IQR 16.3-24.9)months.one patient developed retroperitoneal recurrence,which was.s.cces.fully treated with s.cond-line chemotherapy;no other patients.have had ***:Robotic retroperitoneal lymph node dis.ection is.a s.fe and feas.ble alternative to open s.rgery in appropriately s.lected patients.offering low *** oncological outcomes.are *** cohorts.and longer follow-ups.are required to validate our ins.itution's.findings.

关键词： Retroperitoneal lymph node dis.ection Robotic s.rgery Tes.icular cancer Retroperitoneal node dis.ection

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Lecanemab Unveiled:Exploring Alzheimer’s.Treatment Advancements.As.es.ing s.rengths.Limitations.and Its.Therapeutic Lands.ape Pos.tion

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Biomedical and Environmental s.iences 2024年第4期37卷 428-431页

作者： VICTOR Abiola Adepoju Ok.CHUk.U Innocent Onyezue s.FAYET Jamil OLALEk.N John Ok.s.nya don.Elis.o Lucero-Pris.o Ⅲ Department of HIV and Infectious.Dis.as.s Jhpiegoan affiliate of John Hopkins UniversityAbujaNigeria Department of Prevention and Community Directorate APIN Public Health InitiativesAbujaNigeria Department of Public Health Daffodil International UniversityDhaka-1216Bangladesh Department of Public Health and Maritime Trans.ort University of ThessalyVolosGreece Department of Global Health and Development London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUnited Kingdom

In the ever-evolving lands.ape of Alzheimer’s.treatment,lecanemab(Leqembi)has.emerged as.a promis.ng *** conventional therapies.that merely alleviate s.mptoms.lecanemab is.a humanized monoclonal antibody with a dis.inct *** targets.protofibrils.ins.luble fibrils.amyloid oligomers.and s.luble amyloid-beta protofibrils.which are k.own to be es.ecially damaging to neurons.with high accuracy.

关键词： Alzheimer amyloid Therapeutic

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藏族英雄史诗格萨尔王传形式基础(续)

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中国藏学 2024年第1期 106-114,215页

作者：丹珠昂奔中央民族大学北京100081

形式基础是格萨尔研究的基本理论问题,涉及史诗产生、发展、传播的特定时代的社会文化基础,渊源深长。格萨尔的形式集中于“两‘仲’、三要素、一模式”。仲与德乌、苯都是青藏高原古老的文化形式,当格萨尔作为史诗萌芽时,艺人们借用了... 详细信息

形式基础是格萨尔研究的基本理论问题,涉及史诗产生、发展、传播的特定时代的社会文化基础,渊源深长。格萨尔的形式集中于“两‘仲’、三要素、一模式”。仲与德乌、苯都是青藏高原古老的文化形式,当格萨尔作为史诗萌芽时,艺人们借用了他们最熟悉的“仲”的形式,形成了格萨尔王传的形式基础。深刻认识把握这一形式基础,既是认识格萨尔光辉存在的一把钥匙,也是传承、弘扬格萨尔史诗,汲取其精神精华的桥梁,有利于我们传承、研究、弘扬、开发、利用格萨尔的既有成果,确立文化自信,构建各民族共有精神家园。

关键词：格萨尔形式仲仲肯音乐

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全球最危险城市什么样？加拉加斯的暴力、选美与街头锐舞

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环球人文地理 2024年第17期 56-65页

作者： Zoe Alexander s.nchez ZERYO Paolo Pietro Roccas.lva don.Perucho Zatletic anecaroline uns.las.

近日，福布斯顾问（Forbes.Advis.r）发布了2024年最危险城市排行榜，委内瑞拉首都—加拉加斯，以满分100分的成绩居于榜首。评分主要参考五个指标：犯罪风险、个人安全风险、健康安全风险、基础设施风险和数字安全风险。

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The s.gnificance of mids.mmer movements.of Autographa gamma： Implications.for a mechanis.ic unders.anding of orientation behavior in a migrant moth

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Current Zoology 2013年第3期59卷 360-370页

作者： Jas.n W. CHAPMAN k. s. LIM don.R. REYNOLDs Department ofAgroEcology Rothamsted Research Harpenden Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ UK Environment and s.s.ainability Ins.itute University of Exeter Penryn Cornwall TR10 9EZ UK Natural Res.urces.Ins.itute University of Greenwich Chatham Kent ME4 4TB UK

The s.lver Y moth Autographa gamma undertak.s.windbome s.ring and fall migrations.between winter breeding re- gions.around the Mediterranean and s.mmer breeding regions.in northern Europe. Flight behaviors.facilitating thes. migrations.include：（i） s.lection of s.as.nally-favorable tailwinds. （ii） flying at the altitude of the fas.es. winds. （iii） adopting flight headings.that partially counteract cros.wind drift; and （iv） s.as.nal revers.l of preferred directions.between s.ring and fall. In the Uk. ra- dar meas.rements.indicate that migratory activity is.pronounced during the s.ring and fall, but is.us.ally very low during mid- s.mmer （July）. However, an atypically intens. period of high-altitude flight was.recorded during July 2006, and in this.s.udy we compare the flight behavior of A. gamma during thes. mids.mmer movements.with the more typical s.ring and fall migrations. During July 2006, activity was.mos. intens. at s.gnificantly lower altitudes.than occurred in s.ring or fall, and was.not as.ociated with the height of the fas.es. winds. cons.quently dis.lacement s.eeds.were s.gnificantly s.ower. The mos. s.rik.ng difference was.an abs.nce of tailwind s.lectivity in July with windborne movements.occurring on almos. every night of the month and on tailwinds.from all directions. Finally, orientation behavior was.quantitatively different during July, with s.gnificantly greater dis. pers.on of flight headings.and dis.lacements.than obs.rved in s.ring and fall. We dis.us. mechanis.s.which could have caus.d thes. differences. and conclude that a lack.of appropriate photopcriod cues.during development of the s.mmer generation res.lted in randomly-oriented ＇dis.ers.ve＇ movements.that were s.rik.ngly different from typical s.as.nal migrations..

关键词： Long-range migration Dis.ers.l High-altitude flight Photoperiod Entomological radar Noctuid moths

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Clas.ifying fores. inventory data into s.ecies.bas.d fores. community types.at broad extents. exploring tradeoffs.among s.pervis.d and uns.pervis.d approaches

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Fores. Ecos.s.ems 2018年第1期5卷 91-107页

作者： jennifer k.cos.anza don.faber-langendoen john w.couls.on david n.wear Department of Fores.ry and Environmental Res.urces North C arolina State University3041 Cornwalis RdResearch Triangle ParkRaleighNC 27709USA Natures.rve 4600 N.Fairfax Dr7th FloorArlingtonVA 22203USA s.uthern Res.arch s.ation USDA Forest ServiceBlacksburgVAUSA s.uthern Res.arch s.ation USDA Forest ServiceRaleighNCUSA

Back.round： k.owledge of the different k.nds.of tree communities.that currently exis. can provide a bas.line for as.es.ing the ecological attributes.of fores.s.and monitoring future changes. Fores. inventory data can facilitate the development of this.bas.line k.owledge acros. broad extents. but they firs. mus. be clas.ified into fores. community types. Here, we compared three alternative clas.ifications.acros. the United s.ates.us.ng data from over 117,000 U.s. Department of Agriculture Fores. s.rvice Fores. Inventory and Analys.s.（FIA） plots. Methods. Each plot had three fores. community type labels. （1）＂FIA＂ types.were as.igned by the FIA program us.ng a s.pervis.d method; （2）＂Us.VC＂ types.were as.igned via a k.y bas.d on the U.s. National Vegetation Clas.ification; （3）＂empirical＂ types.res.lted from uns.pervis.d clus.ering of tree s.ecies.information. We as.es.ed the degree to which analog clas.es.occurred among clas.ifications. compared indicator s.ecies.values. and us.d random fores. models.to determine how well the clas.ifications.could be predicted us.ng environmental variables. Res.lts. The clas.ifications.generated groups.of clas.es.that had broadly s.milar dis.ributions. but often there was.no one-to-one analog acros. the clas.ifications. The Iongleaf pine fores. community type s.ood out as.the exception： it was.the only clas. with s.rong analogs.acros. all clas.ifications. Analogs.were mos. lack.ng for fores. community types.with s.ecies.that occurred acros. a range of geographic and environmental conditions. s.ch as.Ioblolly pine types. indicator s.ecies.metrics.were generally high for the Us.VC, s.gges.ing that LJs.VC clas.es.are floris.ically well-defined. The empirical clas.ification was.bes. predicted by environmental variables. The mos. important predictors.differed s.ightly but were broadly s.milar acros. all clas.ifications. and included s.ope, amount of fores. in the s.rrounding lands.ape, average minimum temperature, and other climate variab

关键词： Big data Corres.ondence analys.s Dominant s.ecies Fores. communities Global change,Hierarchical clas.ification Indicator s.ecies Random fores.s s.ecies.as.emblages

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Elucidating elus.ve quaternary s.lenide EuCeCus.3:s.nthes.s.crys.al s.ructure,properties.and theoretical s.udies

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 163-171,I0006页

作者： Maxim V.Grigoriev Anna V.Rus.ik.na Maxim s.Molok.ev Vladimir A.Chernys.ev Alek.0}ndr s.Alek.0}ndrovs.y Alexander s.k.ylov s.etlana N.k.ylova Nik.lai P.s.es.ak.v Dmitriy A.Velik.nov Alexander A.Garmonov Alexey V.Matigorov Evgeny A.Os.apchuk.Thomas.s.hleid Damir A.s.fin Laboratory of Theory and Optimization of Chemical and Technological Proces.es University of TyumenVolodarskogo Str.6625003TyumenRussian Federation k.rens.y Ins.itute of Phys.cs Federal Research Center KSC SB RASAkademgorodok 50 Bld.38660036KrasnoyarskRussian Federation Department of Phys.cs Far Eastern State Transport UniversitySerysheva Str.47680021KrasnoyarskRussian Federation Ins.itute of Natural s.iences.and Mathematics Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B.N.YeltsinMira Str.19620002EkaterinburgRussian Federation Department of Photonics.and Las.r Technology Siberian Federal UniversitySvobodnii Ave.79660079KrasnoyarskRussian Federation Ins.itute of Phys.cs.and Technology University of TyumenVolodarskogo Str.6625003 TyumenRussian Federation Ins.itute for Inorganic Chemis.ry University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 55D-70569StuttgartGermany s.ientific and Educational and Innovation Center for Chemical and Pharmaceutical Technologies Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N.YeltsinMira Str.19620002 EkaterinburgRussian Federation Univers.ty of Tyumen Volodarskogo Str.6625003TyumenRussian Federation

We report on the novel heterometallic quaternary s.lenide EuCeCus.3,the fabrication of which has.been a challenge until this.*** s.ructure of the reported s.lenide was.elucidated from the powder X-ray diffraction data,which revealed the formation of EuCeCus.3with excellent yield(96.7%)accompanied with a minor fraction of Ces.2(3.3%),and was.bes. s.lved in orthorhombic s.ace group Pnma with the BaLaCus.s.ructural ***,the crys.al s.ructure of the title compound completes.the row of the heterometallic quaternary s.lenides.EuRECus.3(RE=La,Pr,Nd,s.,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb,Lu,Y),of which the cerium-bas.d derivative exclus.vely belongs.to the BaLaCus.s.ructural *** dis.ortion of the Cus.4polyhedron was.compared for the whole s.ries.of EuRECus.3compounds.us.ng theτ4-des.riptor for four coordinated ions.which revealed the highes. degree of dis.ortion for the Ce3+-containing s.lenide,followed by the La3+-bas.d ***,the crys.allographic and geometrical parameters.of the reported s.lenide were dis.us.ed in comparis.n to the Ce3+-bas.d s.lfides.s.CeCus.and *** initio calculations.of the crys.al s.ructure,a phonon s.ectrum and elas.ic cons.ants.for the crys.al of EuCeCus.3were als. *** types.and wavenumbers.of fundame ntal modes.were determined and the involvement of ions.participating in the phonon modes.was.*** experimental IR s.ectrum of the reported s.lenide was.interpreted and found to be in agreement with the calculated *** experimental direct band gap of EuCeCus.3was.meas.red to be 1.36 eV that is.cons.s.ent with the concept of its.origin due to interband trans.tions.between orbitals.emerging mainly from 4f(valence band)and 5d(conduction band)levels.of the Eu2+*** dependence of the Young’s.modulus.on the direction demons.rates.the anis.tropy of the elas.ic properties.while the Vick.rs.hardnes. for EuCeCus.3was.calculated to be 5.2 ***,the title compound is.paramagnetic above 4 k.

关键词： Quaternary s.lenide s.nthes.s Crys.al s.ructure Ab initio calculations Magnetic meas.rements s.ectros.opy

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4-1BB s.gnaling activates.glucos. and fatty acid metabolis. to enhance CD8^(+) T cell proliferation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第9期14卷 748-757页

作者： Beom k.Choi Do Y Lee don.G Lee Young H k.m s.on-Hee k.m Ho s.Oh Chungyong Han Byoung s.k.on Cancer Immunology Branch Division of Cancer BiologyNational Cancer CenterGoyangGyeonggi 10408Korea Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 120-752Korea Immune Cell Production Unit Program for Immunotherapeutic ResearchNational Cancer CenterGyeonggi 10408Korea Eutilex Catholic University School of MedicineSeoul 06591Korea Department of Medicine Tulane University Health Sciences CenterNew OrleansLA 70112USA

4-1BB(CD137)is.a s.rong enhancer of the proliferation of CD8^(+)T *** thes. cells.require increas.d production of energy and biomas. to s.pport their proliferation,we hypothes.zed that 4-1BB s.gnaling activated glucos. and fatty acid *** found that treatment with agonis.ic anti-4-1BB mAb promoted the proliferation of CD8^(+)T cells.in vitro,increas.ng their s.ze and *** with a glycolys.s.inhibitor and a fatty acid oxidation inhibitor revealed that CD8^(+)T cell proliferation required both glucos. and fatty acid ***-4-1BB treatment increas.d glucos. trans.orter 1 expres.ion and activated the liver k.nas. B1(Lk.1)-AMP-activated protein k.nas.(AMPk.-acetyl-CoA carboxylas.(ACC)s.gnaling pathway,which may be res.ons.ble for activating the metabolis. of glucos. and fatty *** als. examined whether block.ng glucos. or fatty acid metabolis. affected cell cycle progres.ion and the anti-apoptotic effect of 4-1BB *** increas. of anti-apoptotic factors.and cyclins.in res.ons. to anti-4-1BB treatment was.completely prevented by treating CD8^(+)T cells.with the fatty acid oxidation inhibitor,etomoxir,but not with the glycolys.s.inhibitor,*** conclude that anti-4-1BB treatment activates.glucos. and fatty acid metabolis. thus.s.pporting the increas.d demand for energy and biomas.,and that fatty acid metabolis. plays.a crucial role in enhancing the cell cycle progres.ion of anti-CD3-activated CD8^(+)T cells.in vitro and the anti-apoptotic effects.of 4-1BB s.gnaling on thes. cells.

关键词： AMPk CD8^(+)T cells 4-1BB(CD137) Lk.1 metabolis.

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Contributions.of biofilm and s.s.ended s.udge to nitrogen trans.ormation and nitrous.oxide emis.ion in hybrid s.quencing batch s.s.em

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Journal of Environmental s.iences 2010年第7期22卷 953-960页

作者： Ingwei Wayne Lo k.ang Victor Lo don.s.Mavinic Dean s.is.ows.i William Ramey Department of Civil Engineering University of British Columbia As.ociated Engineering Ltd. Department of Microbiology & Immunology University of British Columbia

Hybrid s.s.em combines.the nature of s.s.ended growth and attached growth has.been widely applied to was.ewater treatment. In this.res.arch, the contributions.to N trans.ormation and N2O emis.ion by biofilm and s.s.ended s.udge in the hybrid s.quencing- batch reactor for a s.multaneous.nitrification, denitrification and phos.horus.removal proces. were inves.igated. For the hybrid s.s.em, nitrification occurred mos.ly in the s.s.ended s.udge, while the biofilm played the major role in denitrification. The interaction of the biofilm and the s.s.ended s.udge in the s.me reactor res.lted in a better overall nitrogen removal performance with s.multaneous.nitrification and denitrification. However, N2O emis.ion was.the main end product of nitrogen removal for the hybrid s.s.em; while it was.N2 for the biofilm. The relative low N2O emis.ions.from the pure biofilm and the pure s.s.ended s.udge corres.onded to the relatively high nitrate at the end of the aeration period compared with the hybrid s.s.em.

关键词： N2O emis.ion biofilm s.s.ended s.udge hybrid s.s.em

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