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Drying conditions in Switzerland-indication from a 35-year Landsat time-series analysis of vegetation water content estimates to support SDGs

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Big Earth Data 2021年第4期5卷 445-475页

作者： Charlotte Poussin Alexandrine Massot Christian Ginzler dominique weber Bruno Chatenoux Pierre Lacroix Thomas Piller Liliane Nguyen Gregory Giuliani Institute for Environmental Sciences University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSLBirmensdorfSwitzerland Institute for Environmental Sciences Gap Non-linearity and Climate GroupUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland

Exacerbated by climate change,Europe has experienced series of hot and dry summer since the beginning of the 21st *** importance of land conditions became an international concern with a dedicated sustainable development goal(SDG),the SDG *** calls for developing and finding innovative solu-tions to follow and evaluate impacts of changing land condi-tions induced by various driving *** Switzerland,drought risk will significantly increase in the coming decades with severe consequences on agriculture,energy production and *** this paper,we used a 35-year satellite-derived annual and seasonal times-series of normalized difference water index(NDWI)to follow vegetation water content evolution at different spatial and temporal scales across Switzerland and related them to temperature and precipitation to investigate possible responses of changing climatic *** indicate that there is a small and slow drying tendency at the country scale with a NDWI mean decreasing slope of−0.22%/year for the 23%significant pixels across *** tendency is mostly visible below 2000 m above sea level(m.a.s.l.)and in all biogeographical *** Southern Alps regions appear to be more responsive to changing drying conditions with a significant and slight negative NDWI trend(−0.39%/year)over the last 35 ***,NDWI values are mostly a func-tion of temperature at elevations below the tree line rather than *** suggest that multi-annual and seasonal NDWI can be a valuable indicator to monitor vegetation water content at different scales,but other components such as land cover type and evapotranspiration should be considered to better characterize NDWI *** Earth Observations data can provide valuable complementary obser-vations for national statistics on the ecological state of vegeta-tion to support SDG 15 to monitor land affected by drying conditions.

关键词： Climate change vegetation NDWI Landsat drought SDG 15 land degradation ecosystems Earth Observation big Earth data Switzerland

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Going straight for the gut:gut-brain axis pathology and treatment of Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2111-2112页

作者： dominique Ebedes Cesar V.Borlongan University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine TampaFLUSA Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair Department of Neurosurgery and Brain RepairUniversity of South Florida Morsani College of MedicineTampaFLUSA

This perspective focuses on the recent literature regarding the role of the gut-brain axis(GBA) in fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT) and stem cell therapy(SCT) in Parkinson's disease(PD).PD is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the United States,yet therapies remain *** research suggests that the GBA may play a role in the pathogenesis of *** FMT as well as SCT offer promising new avenues for PD *** bing the interactions between FMT and SCT with the GBA may reveal novel therapeutics for PD.

关键词： straight pathology pathogenesis

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Numerical study of convective heat transfer in static arrangements of particles with arbitrary shapes:A monolithic hybrid lattice Boltzmann-finite difference-phase field solver

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 186-197页

作者： Reza Namdar Mohammadhassan Khodsiani Hesameddin Safari Tanya Neeraj Seyed Ali Hosseini Frank Beyrau Benoit Fond dominique Thevenin Fathollah Varnik Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulation(ICAMS) Ruhr-University BochumBochum44801Germany Laboratory of Technical Thermodynamics University of Magdeburg"Otto von Guericke"Magdeburg39106Germany Laboratory of Fluid Dynamics and Technical Flows University of Magdeburg"Otto von Guericke"MagdeburgD-39106Germany Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering ETH ZurichZurich8092Switzerland ONERA The French Aerospace Lab Department of AerodynamicsAeroelasticity and Acoustics(DAAA)Paris-Saclay UniversityMeudon92190France

A compressible lattice Boltzmann-finite difference method is extended by the phase-field approach into a monolithic scheme to study fluid flow and heat transfer through regular arrangements of solid bodies of circular,elliptical and irregular *** advantage of using the phase-field method is demon-strated both in its simplicity of accounting for flow and thermal boundary conditions at solid surfaces with irregular shapes and in the capability of generating such complex-shaped *** an array of discs,numerical results for the overall solid-to-gas heat transfer rate are validated via experiments on flow through arrays of hot *** thus validated compressible LB-FD-PF hybrid scheme is used to study the dependence of heat transfer on flow and thermal boundary conditions(Reynolds number,temperature difference between the hot solid bodies and the inlet gas),porosity as well as on the shape of solid *** are rationalized in terms of the residence time of the gas close to the solid body and downstream variations of gas velocity and *** for further applications of the proposed methodology are also discussed.

关键词： Lattice Boltzmann method Finite difference scheme Convective heat transfer Diffuse interface Thermal compressible flow

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Health Systems Strengthening to Tackle the Global Burden of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease: A Diagonal Approach

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第2期19卷 131-138页

作者： dominique Vervoort Amy Verstappen Sreehari Madhavankutty Nair Chong Chin Eu Bistra Zheleva Institute of Health Policy Management and EvaluationUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada Division of Cardiac Surgery University of TorontoTorontoCanada Global Alliance for Rheumatic and Congenital Hearts PhiladelphiaUSA Department of Health Services Government of KeralaKeralaIndia Ministry of Health PutrajayaMalaysia Children’s HeartLink MinneapolisUSA

1 Background Congenital heart disease(CHD)is the most common major congenital anomaly,affecting approximately one in every 100 live births[1].Among congenital anomalies,66%of preventable deaths are due to CHD,and 58%of the avertable morbidity and mortality due to congenital anomalies would result from scaling congenital heart surgery services[2].Every year,nearly 300,000 children and adults die from CHD,the majority of whom live in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs)[3].Approximately 49%of all individuals with CHD will require surgical or interventional care at some point in their lifetime[4];as a result of advances in access to and the delivery of such services,over 95%of children born with CHD in high-income countries now live into adulthood[3].Here,adults have surpassed children in the number of CHD cases at a ratio of 2:1[5].

关键词： Congenital heart disease pediatric heart disease global health health systems health policy

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A Bayesian model calibration framework for stochastic compartmental models with both time-varying and timeinvariant parameters

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第4期9卷 1224-1249页

作者： Brandon Robinson Philippe Bisaillon Jodi D.Edwards Tetyana Kendzerska Mohammad Khalil dominique Poirel Abhijit Sarkar Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Carleton UniversityOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Ottawa and University of Ottawa Heart InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada ICES OttawaOntarioCanada The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute OttawaOntarioCanada Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineDivision of RespirologyUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada Quantitative Modeling&Analysis Department Sandia National LaboratoriesLivermoreCAUSA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Royal Military College of CanadaKingstonONCanada

We consider state and parameter estimation for compartmental models having both timevarying and time-invariant *** this manuscript,we first detail a general Bayesian computational framework as a continuation of our previous ***,this framework is specifically tailored to the susceptible-infectious-removed(SIR)model which describes a basic mechanism for the spread of infectious diseases through a system of coupled nonlinear differential *** SIR model consists of three states,namely,the susceptible,infectious,and removed *** coupling among these states is controlled by two parameters,the infection rate and the recovery *** simplicity of the SIR model and similar compartmental models make them applicable to many classes of infectious ***,the combined assumption of a deterministic model and time-invariance among the model parameters are two significant impediments which critically limit their use for long-term *** tendency of certain model parameters to vary in time due to seasonal trends,non-pharmaceutical interventions,and other random effects necessitates a model that structurally permits the incorporation of such time-varying *** to this,is the need for a robust mechanism for the estimation of the parameters of the resulting model from *** this end,we consider an augmented state vector,which appends the time-varying parameters to the original system states whereby the time evolution of the time-varying parameters are driven by an artificial noise process in a standard *** between time-varying and time-invariant parameters in this fashion limits the introduction of artificial dynamics into the system,and provides a robust,fully Bayesian approach for estimating the timeinvariant system parameters as well as the elements of the process noise covariance *** computational framework is implemented by leveraging the robustness of the Markov chain Mont

关键词： Time-varying parameter estimation Bayesian inference Stochastic compartmental models

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Analysis of the Effect of Temperature and Relative Humidity on the Reliability of a Photovoltaic Module

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2024年第8期14卷 165-177页

作者： Abdoulaye Kabré dominique Bonkoungou Zacharie Koalaga Dpartement de Physique Laboratoire de Matriaux et Environnement (LA.M.E)-UFR/SEA Universit Joseph Ki-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Photovoltaic energy occupies a significant place in the renewable energy market, with photovoltaic (PV) modules playing a vital role in converting solar energy into electricity. However, their effectiveness is likely to be affected by variations in environmental conditions, including temperature and relative humidity. The study examines the impact of these major climatic factors on the reliability of PV modules, aiming to provide crucial information for optimizing and managing these systems under varying conditions. Inspired by Weibull’s law to model the lifespan of components, we proposed a mathematical model integrating a correction factor linked to temperature and relative humidity. Using this approach, simulations in Matlab Simulink reveal that increasing temperature and relative humidity have an adverse impact on the reliability and lifespan of PV modules, with a more pronounced impact on temperature. The results highlight the importance of considering these environmental parameters in the management and optimization of photovoltaic systems to ensure their long-term efficiency.

关键词： Solar Energy PV Module Lifespan Reliability Efficiency

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The Impact of the Inclusion of MgO Nano-Fillers in a Polyethylene Matrix on Dielectric Strength and Resistance to Partial Discharges

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 626-634页

作者： Virginie Griseri dominique Mary David Malec Eric David Laboratoire Plasma et Conversion d’énergie Université de Toulouse CNRS UPS INPT Route de Narbonne Toulouse France É cole de Technologie Supérieure de Montréal Rue Notre-Dame Ouest Montréal Canada

One commonly used strategy to enhance polymers specific properties such as the resistance to partial discharges erosion is the incorporation into the polymeric matrix of inorganic micro or nanoparticles. This study focused on the dielectric properties of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) filled with nano-sized Magnesium Oxide (MgO) particles compounded by thermo-mechanical process and one of the purposes was to establish appropriate processing parameters in order to reach the desired dielectric properties. LDPE was used as a matrix and was reinforced by MgO particles having a nominal average size of 30 nm. The MgO nanoparticles were treated with a silane coupling agent (3-Glycidyloxypropyl Trimethoxysilane). The samples were initially prepared in a melt-mixing chamber with a MgO content of 1% wt. These pre-mixed samples were further treated by the means of thermo-mechanical mixing in a conical co-rotating twin-screw extruder in order to improve the dispersion and distribution of the MgO particles. In this report, both lifetime under a PD activity and AC dielectric strength of pure and nano-filled LDPE samples have been measured and compared. Nano-filled LDPE samples were found to exhibit an improve lifetime, without any detrimental impact on their short-term dielectric strength. This suggests that nano-filled LDPE may be for electric applications for which the dielectric materials may be exposed to partial discharge activities. This is significant result for the use of MgO-reinforced PE as an insulating material for HV cables since the resistance to PD is closely related to treeing resistance which is the main electrical degradation mechanism that leads to failure for shielded extruded power cables.

关键词： Low Density Polyethylene MgO Nanofillers Dielectric Strength Partial Discharges Resistance

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Molecular Dynamics, Physical Properties, Diffusion Coefficients and Activation Energy of the Lithium Oxide (Li-O) and Sodium Oxide (Na-O) Electrolyte (Cathode)

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2024年第9期14卷 213-234页

作者： Alain Second Dzabana Honguelet Abel dominique Eboungabeka Timothée Nsongo Faculty of Science and Technology Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo Research Group on Physical Chemical and Mineralogical Properties of Materials Brazzaville Congo Alpha Sciences and Beta Technologies Association Brazzaville Congo Geological and Mining Research Center Brazzaville Congo

This work is a simulation model with the LAMMPS calculation code of an electrode based on alkali metal oxides (lithium, sodium and potassium) using the Lennard Jones potential. For a multiplicity of 8*8*8, we studied a gap-free model using molecular dynamics. Physical quantities such as volume and pressure of the Na-O and Li-O systems exhibit similar behaviors around the thermodynamic ensembles NPT and NVE. However, for the Na2O system, at a minimum temperature value, we observe a range of total energy values;in contrast, for the Li2O system, a minimum energy corresponds to a range of temperatures. Finally, for physicochemical properties, we studied the diffusion coefficient and activation energy of lithium and potassium oxides around their melting temperatures. The order of magnitude of the diffusion coefficients is given by the relation Dli-O >DNa-O for the multiplicity 8*8*8, while for the activation energy, the order is well reversed EaNa-O > EaLi-O.

关键词： Molecular Dynamics Diffusion Coefficients Activation Energy Lithium Oxide Sodium Oxide Lennard Jones Potential Data File Atomic and Charge Models Cathode LAMMPS

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Finding biomarkers of experience in animals

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 925-944页

作者： Sarah Babington Alan J.Tilbrook Shane K.Maloney Jill N.Fernandes Tamsyn M.Crowley Luoyang Ding Archa H.Fox Song Zhang Elise A.Kho Daniel Cozzolino Timothy J.Mahony dominique Blache School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia Centre for Animal Science The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia School of Veterinary Science The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia School of Human Sciences The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia School of Medicine Deakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3217Australia Poultry Hub Australia University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW 2350Australia College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia

At a time when there is a growing public interest in animal welfare,it is critical to have objective means to assess the way that an animal experiences a *** is critical to ensure appropriate animal welfare *** behavioural,physiological,and neurobiological indicators that are used to assess animal welfare can verify the absence of extremely negative *** welfare is more than an absence of negative outcomes and an appropriate indicator should reflect the full spectrum of experience of an animal,from negative to *** this review,we draw from the knowledge of human biomedical science to propose a list of candidate biological markers(biomarkers)that should reflect the experiential state of non-human *** proposed biomarkers can be classified on their main function as endocrine,oxidative stress,non-coding molecular,and thermobiological *** also discuss practical challenges that must be addressed before any of these biomarkers can become useful to assess the experience of an animal in real-life.

关键词： Animal experience Animal welfare Biomarker Stress Welfare assessment

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Accidental Ingestion of Nitric Acid in an Agricultural Company: A Case Study and Literature Review

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2024年第1期12卷 21-27页

作者： Asséga Sylvain Sagna Mame Thioro Aïssatou Fall Mossane dominique Ndour Sidy Diallo Société de Cultures Légumières (SCL) Saint-Louis Sénégal West Africa Farms (WAF) Yamane Louga Sénégal International Committee of The Red Cross Dakar Sénégal Saint-Louis Regional Hospital Center Saint-Louis Sénégal

Introduction: Though common in society, caustic accidental ingestion is rare in the agricultural industry. This study describes a case of ingestion of nitric acid used as an agricultural fertilizer by an ordinary worker at the Société de Cultures Légumières. Clinical Case: This is a 33-year-old unschooled woman who ingested a sip of nitric acid from an abandoned labelled acid canister near a farming plot of land. She showed a burn of the oral cavity with a bleeding tablecloth and an intense retrosternal pain. The duodenal oesophagus fibroscopy screening that was carried out 18 hours after the accident, revealed an esophagitis class 2b. The tests revealed no anomalies. Fifteen (15) days after the accident, the FOGD was normal. Following an 8-month-follow up, no signs of stenosis or degeneration were noted. Conclusion: The accidental ingestion of nitric acid is rare in adult. Its treatment is mainly symptomatic and aims at preserving vital functions without directly fighting the ingested substance off. The right actions must be integrated into the 15-minute Health and Safety awarenesssessions for optimum pre-hospital management. The hospital evaluation is mandatory and is carried out thanks to the digestive endoscopy, which is still relevant in this indication, but is completed by the thoraco-abdominal CT. The latter is very sensitive the transmural necrosis diagnosis.

关键词： Accident Agriculture Caustic Fibroscopy Senegal

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