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An alternative approach for sustainable sheep meat production:implications for food security

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 791-805页

作者： Eric N.Ponnampalam Matthew I.Knight Peter j.Moate joe L.jacobs Animal Production Sciences Agriculture Victoria ResearchDepartment of JobsPrecincts and RegionsBundooraVIC 3083Australia Animal Production Sciences Agriculture Victoria ResearchDepartment of JobsPrecincts and RegionsHamiltonVIC 3300Australia Animal Production Sciences Agriculture Victoria ResearchDepartment of JobsPrecincts and RegionsEllinbankVictoria 3821Australia Centre for Agricultural Innovation School of Agriculture and FoodFaculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoria 3010Australia

Background:A pelleted diet containing camelina hay(CAMH)or camelina meal(CAMM)as a supplement along with a control pellet(CONT)diet formulated with commonly available feeds during summer was used to investigate an alternative pathway for sustainable meat *** meat production was based on a simple estimation of income from meat produced versus feed costs if animals were fed for an extended period over summer compared to early slaughter at the beginning of *** maternal composite wether lambs(Composite)based on Coopworth genetics and 80 pure Merino wether yearlings were divided into 10 groups within breed(n=8)using stratified randomisation based on *** 1 week of adaptation to experimental diets,animals were fed experimental diets for up to10 ***:Animals were slaughtered after either 8,9 or 10 weeks of full feeding when the average liveweight of diet/genetic combination reached a weight appropriate for either‘heavy lamb’or‘heavy hogget’production,which occurred between 8 and 10 weeks of full *** was no diet×breed interactions except for dressing percentage(DP),where Composite lambs fed the CAMH diet had the greatest DP(48.1±0.35)and the Merino yearlings fed the CAMM diet the lowest DP(45.8±0.33).Composite lambs gained 17.6–20.3 kg and Merino yearlings gained 10.7–12.9 kg *** on their DP,this resulted in the production of approximately 8.3–9.5 kg additional carcass weight in Composites and 4.9–5.7 kg in Merinos,which in turn produced greater profit per Composite lamb and a small profit per Merino ***:Composite lambs fed CAMM and CAMH had 5%greater carcass weights at slaughter compared to the CONT group,but dietary treatments did not change carcass weight of Merino yearlings at *** extended feeding approach offered the producer an estimated economic gain of AUD$20.00 to$25.00 when yearly average prices were used(Method 1)and AUD$40.00 to$47.70 when pre-and post-summer

关键词： Animal welfare Environmental sustainability Global demand Livestock Sheep meat Summer feeding

Ethylenediurea(EDU) effects on japanese larch: an one growing season experiment with simulated regenerating communities and a four growing season application to individual saplings

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journal of Forestry Research 2021年第5期32卷 2047-2057页

作者： Evgenios Agathokleous Mitsutoshi Kitao Xiaona Wang Qiaozhi Mao Hisanori Harayama William j.Manning Takayoshi Koike Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of jiangsu Province Institute of Applied Ecology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST) Division of Environment and Resources Research Research Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido University Hokkaido Research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI) College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism Hebei Agricultural University College of Resources and Environment Southwest University Ecophysiology Laboratory Department of Plant Ecology Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI) Department of Plant Soil and Insect Sciences University of Massachusetts Shenzhen Graduate School of Environment and Energy Peking University Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science Chinese Academy of Science

j apanese larch(La rix kaempferi(lamb.) Carr.)and its hybrid are economically important coniferous trees widely grown in the Northern ***-level ozone(O3) concentrations have increased since the preindustrial era,and research projects showed that japanese larch is susceptible to elevated ***,methodologies are needed to(1) protect japanese larch against O3damage and(2) conduct biomonitoring of O3in japanese larch forests and,thus,monitor O3risks to japanese *** the first time,this study evaluates whether the synthetic chemical ethylenediurea(EDU) can protect japanese larch against O3damage,in two independent *** the first experiment,seedling communities,simulating natural regeneration,were treated with EDU(0,100,200,and 400 mg L-1) and exposed to either ambient or elevated O3in a growing *** the second experiment,individually-grown saplings were treated with EDU(0,200 and 400 mg L-1) and exposed to ambient O3in two growing seasons and to elevated O3in the succeeding two growing *** two experiments revealed that EDU concentrations of 200-400 mg L-1could protect japanese larch seedling communities and individual saplings against O3-induced inhibition of growth and ***,EDU concentrations ≤200 mg L-1did offer only partial protection when seedling communities were coping with higher level of O3-induced stress,and only 400 mg EDU L-1fully protected communities under higher ***,we conclude that among the concentrations tested the concentration offering maximum protection to japanese larch plants under high competition and O3-induced stress is that of 400 mg EDU *** results of this study can provide a valuable resource of information for applied forestry in an O3-polluted world.

关键词： Air pollution Antiozonant Ethylenediurea (EDU) Plant protection Tropospheric ozone (O 3 )

Application of the Nutrient Cycling Model NuCM to a Forest Monitoring Site Exposed to Acidic Precipitation in China

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Pedosphere 2008年第6期18卷 681-690页

作者： ZHU jian-Hua YU Peng-Tao T. A. SOGN WANG Yan-Hui j. MULDER Research Institute of Forest Ecology and Environment Chinese Academy of Forestry and the Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of the Chinese State Forestry Administration Beijing 100091 （China） Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Agricultural University of Norway P.O. Box 5003 N-1430 Aas（Norway）

The nutrient cycling model NuCM is one of the most detailed models for simulating processes that influence nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. A field study was conducted at Tieshanping, a Masson pine (Pinus massoniana lamb.) forest site, in Chongqing, China, to monitor the impacts of acidic precipitation on nutrient cycling. NuCM simulations were compared with observed data from the study site. The model produced an approximate fit with the observed data. It simulated the mean annual soil solution concentrations in the two simulation years, whereas it sometimes failed to reproduce seasonal variation. Even though some of the parameters required by model running were measured in the field, some others were still highly uncertain and the uncertainties were analyzed. Some of the uncertain parameters necessary for model running should be measured and calibrated to produce a better fit between modeled results and field data.

关键词：酸雨森林土壤养分循环模型模拟技术

Maser radiation from collisionless shocks: application to astrophysical jets

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2019年第1期7卷 120-127页

作者： D.C.Speirs K.Ronald A.D.R.Phelps M.E.Koepke R.A.Cairns A.Rigby F.Cruz R.M.G.M.Trines R.Bamford B.j.Kellett B.Albertazzi j.E.Cross F.Fraschetti P.Graham P.M.Kozlowski Y.Kuramitsu F.Miniati T.Morita M.Oliver B.Reville Y.Sakawa S.Sarkar C.Spindloe M.Koenig L.O.Silva D.Q.lamb P.Tzeferacos S.Lebedev G.Gregori R.Bingham Department of Physics SUPA University of Strathclyde Department of Physics West Virginia University School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St.Andrews Department of Physics University of Oxford GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fus?u Nuclear Instituto Superior T'ecnico Universidade de Lisboa STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Laboratoire pour l’Utilisation de Lasers Intenses UMR7605 CNRS CEA Universit'e Paris VI Ecole Polytechnique Departments of Planetary Sciences and Astronomy University of Arizona AWE Aldermaston Reading West Berkshire Department of Physics National Central University Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University School of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University Belfast Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Chicago Imperial College London

This paper describes a model of electron energization and cyclotron-maser emission applicable to astrophysical magnetized collisionless shocks. It is motivated by the work of Begelman, Ergun and Rees [Astrophys. j. 625, 51(2005)] who argued that the cyclotron-maser instability occurs in localized magnetized collisionless shocks such as those expected in blazar jets. We report on recent research carried out to investigate electron acceleration at collisionless shocks and maser radiation associated with the accelerated electrons. We describe how electrons accelerated by lower-hybrid waves at collisionless shocks generate cyclotron-maser radiation when the accelerated electrons move into regions of stronger magnetic fields. The electrons are accelerated along the magnetic field and magnetically compressed leading to the formation of an electron velocity distribution having a horseshoe shape due to conservation of the electron magnetic moment. Under certain conditions the horseshoe electron velocity distribution function is unstable to the cyclotron-maser instability [Bingham and Cairns, Phys. Plasmas 7, 3089(2000); Melrose, Rev. Mod. Plasma Phys. 1, 5(2017)].

关键词： laboratory astrophysics plasma physics particle acceleration plasma-wave instabilities

The Proof of the Pudding Is in the Eating

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新高考(英语进阶) 2016年第Z1期 62-63页

作者： A.j.Dalton

1 They say a country’s cuisine is a reflection of its culture and national ***,the UK has always been a diverse country,since every region has its own traditional *** example,traditional Scottish cuisine is famous for its robust character:haggis,Aberdeen Angus beef,shortbread and *** is well known for its lamb and *** is synonymous

关键词： UK The Proof of the Pudding Is in the Eating

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乳腺组织密度决定术前乳腺MRI检查效益

国际医学放射学杂志 2016年第6期 706-706页

作者： j.M.Seely L.lamb N.Malik j.Lau 刘静纯 Department of Medical Imaging The Ottawa HospitalUniversity of Ottawa

摘要目的根据乳腺不同组织密度特征来确定术前乳腺MRI检查的效益。方法回顾性分析2012年经组织活检确诊的665例乳腺癌病人用于术前分期的MRI检查资料,

关键词：乳腺病人脂肪型病灶乳房脂用型肉用型术前 MRI 乳腺密度

The Proof of the Pudding Is in the Eating

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英语世界 2018年第1期 127-128页

作者： A.j.Dalton

1 They say a country’s cuisine is a reflection of its culture and national *** this is true,then the UK is a very diverse country,since every region has its own traditional *** example,traditional Scottish cuisine is famous for its robust character:haggis,Aberdeen Angus beef,shortbread and *** is well known for its lamb and *** is synonymous with

关键词： The Proof of the Pudding Is in the Eating UK

Oral administration of Sauce llorón extract to growing lambs to control gastrointestinal nematodes and Moniezia spp.

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Asian Pacific journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第7期8卷 518-523页

作者： Cedillo j Kholif AE Salem AZM Elghandour MMY Vázquez jF Alonso MU Barbabosa A Chagoyán jCV Reyna AG University center of UAEM-Temascaltepec Autonomous University of the Mexico State Dairy Science Department National Research Centre Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Autonomous University of the Mexico State Autonomous University of the Tamaulipas Faculty of Engineering and Science

Objective: To explore anthelmintic effects of oral administration of aqueous extract of Sauce llorón(Salix babylonica; SB) against gastrointestinal nematodes and Moniezia spp. Methods: Sixteen Pelibuey male lambs of 3-4 months of age and(23.7±3.3) kg body weight were used in a completely randomized design to be fed a total mixed ration(Control; SB0), or Control plus SB extract using 20(SB20), 40(SB40) and 60(SB60) mL/lamb/day for 45 days. lambs had a natural gastrointestinal nematodes and Moniezia spp. infection and had never been treated with chemical anthelmintic drugs. Individual faecal samples were collected for ova counting using Mc Master procedure after 0, 7, 14, 21, 30 and 45 days post extract administration. Results: No extract dose×day interactions for both gastrointestinal nematodes and Monieziaspp. egg count were found. Administration of SB extract had a higher effect(quadratic effect, P=0.0064) at dose of 20 mL SB/lamb/day for gastrointestinal nematode eggs during the first 21 days; however, the dose of SB40 tended(linear effect, P=0.0897) to be more effective than the others for Moniezia spp. egg during the first 7 days. Sampling day had a linear(P=0.0436) effect on Moniezia spp. egg count. Conclusions: The aqueous extract of SB could be more effective against nematodes at 20 and at 40 mL/lamb/day for Moniezia spp. The use of the SB extract could represent a promising alternative to synthetic anthelmintics for the treatment of gastrointestinal nematodes and Moniezia spp. in small ruminants from organic and conventional production systems.

关键词： Anthelmintic Extract Moniezia spp. Nematodes

补充物类型对婆罗门杂交母牛生产性能、繁殖和生理反应的影响

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饲料博览（技术版） 2008年第1期 64-64页

作者： Cooke R F Arthington j D Staples C R Thatcher W W lamb G C

两试验旨在比较以糖蜜（ML）或以柑桔果肉（CT）为基础补充物、采食饲草的母肉牛生长性能和生理反应。试验1：60头杂交小母牛（婆罗门×安格斯），每周补充3次糖蜜或柑桔果肉，测定它们的体增重，繁殖性能和血液尿素氮（BUN）、血清葡... 详细信息

两试验旨在比较以糖蜜（ML）或以柑桔果肉（CT）为基础补充物、采食饲草的母肉牛生长性能和生理反应。试验1：60头杂交小母牛（婆罗门×安格斯），每周补充3次糖蜜或柑桔果肉，测定它们的体增重，繁殖性能和血液尿素氮（BUN）、血清葡萄糖、胰岛素、胰岛素样生长因子-I（IGF-I）以及孕酮（P4）的浓度。按照等热量和等氮量计算补充物的添加量。各处理间繁殖性能没有显著差异，但是与添加糖蜜组（0．03g·d^-1）相比，添加柑桔果肉组的平均体增重（0．40g·d^-1）极显著增加（P〈0．01）。补充柑桔果肉组，血清葡萄糖、胰岛素和胰岛素样生长因子-I的平均浓度显著增加（P〈0．05）；补充糖蜜组，尿素氮浓度显著增加（P〈0．05）。

关键词：母牛生长性能繁殖性能妊娠补充物