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Some Processing Steps and Uses of Cashew Apples: A Review

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第1期14卷 38-57页

作者： Lou Boli Caroline Sahie Doudjo soro Kisselmina Youssouf Kone Nogbou Emmanuel Assidjo Kouassi Benjamin Yao Ecole Doctorale Polytechnique (EDP) of Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouë t-Boigny (INP-HB) Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire

In addition to the cashew nut, which is the main product, the cashew tree also produces the cashew apple which is considered a by-product. The cashew apple has a high nutritional potential. Indeed, it is rich in vitamin C, carotenoids, dietary fibers, vitamins, sugars and mineral elements where are essential for human nutrition. In addition to its nutritional quality, the cashew apple has technological advantages: the edible part of the fruit is between 85% and 100% higher than that of other traditional tropical fruits, and its juicy and sweet flesh is free of seeds or pits. In addition, very large volumes are available. As a result, the development of this fruit represents a considerable economic challenge. This paper first presents the cultivation of cashew trees and the bibliography of the work done on cashew juice. The favorable conditions for cashew tree cultivation and the planting method were presented. Then, the study highlights the work done on the physicochemical characteristics of cashew apples, the effect of the growing area, the variety and the stage of maturity on its characteristics. It also shows the influence of the processing steps on the nutritional value and organoleptic quality of the cashew apple;as well as the methods of clarification, stabilization, concentration and dehydration. Some uses of cashew apple were reviewed: beverage, food, substrate, bioethanol, nutraceutical, food additive and agro materials.

关键词： Cashew Apple Processing Use

Investigation of the Behavior of a Photovoltaic Cell under Concentration as a Function of the Temperature of the Base and a Variable External Magnetic Field in 3D Approximation

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2023年第12期14卷 209-220页

作者： Boubacar soro Adama Ouedraogo Mahamadi Savadogo Ramatou Konate Guyserge Tchouadep Martial Zoungrana Sié Kam Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies Department of Physics Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institutdes Sciences et Technologie Ecole Normale Supérieure Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Universitaire Polytechnique de Kaya Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The photovoltaic (PV) cell performances are connected to the base photogenerated carriers charge. Some studies showed that the quantity of the photogenerated carriers charge increases with the increase of the solar illumination. This situation explains the choice of concentration PV cell (C = 50 suns) in this study. However, the strong photogeneration of the carriers charge causes a high heat production by thermalization, collision and carriers charge braking due to the electric field induced by concentration gradient. This heat brings the heating of the PV cell base. That imposes the taking into account of the temperature influence in the concentrator PV cell operation. Moreover, with the proliferation of the magnetic field sources in the life space, it is important to consider its effect on the PV cell performances. Thus, when magnetic field and base temperature increase simultaneously, we observe a deterioration of the photovoltage, the electric power, the space charge region capacity, the fill factor and the conversion efficiency. However the photocurrent increases when the base temperature increases and the magnetic field strength decreases. It appears an inversion phenomenon in the evolution of the electrical parameters as a function of magnetic field for the values of magnetic field B> 4×10-4 T.

关键词： Thermalization Base Temperature Magnetic Field Fill Factor Efficiency Space Charge Region Capacity

Efficient Approach for 3D Stationary Optical Solitons in Dissipative Systems

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2015年第10期3卷 1239-1248页

作者： A. Konaté E. soro O. Asseu A. Kamagaté P. Yoboué Ecole Supérieure Africaine des Technologies d’Information et de Communication (ESATIC) Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

We feature the stationary solutions of the 3D complex cubic-quintic Ginzburg-Landau equation (CGLE). Our approach is based on collective variables approach which helps to obtain a system of variational equations, giving the evolution of the light pulses parameters as a function of the propagation distance. The collective variables approach permits us to obtain, efficiently, a global mapping of the 3D stationary dissipative solitons. In addition it allows describing the influence of the parameters of the equation on the various physical parameters of the pulse and their dynamics. Thus it helps to show the impact of dispersion and nonlinear gain on the stationary dynamic.

关键词： Dissipative Solitons Dispersion Nonlinear Gain Collective Variables Approach Complex Cubic-Quintic Ginzburg-Landau Equation (3D) Three-Dimensional Soliton Spatio-Temporal Pulses

Can Kponan Yam （Dioscorea cayenensis） Full Season Tuber Sprout If Planted？

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2014年第4期4卷 312-320页

作者： soro Dognimeton Ayolie Koutoua Bakayoko Sidiky Dao Daouda Yatty Kouadio Justin Gnakri Dago Department of Agroforestery University Jean Lorougnon Guede Daloa BP 150 Cote d Tvoire Swiss Centre for Scientific Research Abidjan 01 Cote d'lvoire

In a completely randomized blocks （RCB） plot, we planted seed from the three segments of Kponan tubers： head, median and tail portions with control Krengle. Germination began 10 d and lasted 67 d. The mean sprouting rate of the Kponan full season harvest tuber was 78.1% compared to 94% in Krengle. However, the tuber germination was progressive from head to tail with a linear evolution of the top fragments with sprouting rate up to 90% similar to Krengle. The median and distal portions sprout two and three weeks later with final raising rates reaching 68% and 71%, respectively. The full season tuber of Kponan sprouts with a good rate gave good yields for any portion of the tuber. It had a sprouting gradient oriented from the proximal portion to the distal one, while yield was better for medium seeds. The sprouting delays two weeks between proximal and medium portions and three weeks between proximal and distal portions were acceptable with regards to the total cycle of eight to nine months period. Thus, its small tubers could be planted as well as the top portion of big tuber. In terms of yield, Kponan medium seed gave the best yield 34.25 t/ha and the whole Kponan tuber yield was more than Krengle. That led to a better multiplication factor for Kponan full season tuber. The type of tuber, if available, could be used as seed for yam production. That could improve its distribution and contribute to food security.

关键词： Yam full season harvest sprout tuber yield multiplication rate C6te d'Ivoire.

Visitors＇ Opinion Regarding Animal Welfare at Zoo National d＇Abidjan

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Journal of Life Sciences 2017年第6期11卷 304-310页

作者： DAHOUROU Laibane Dieudonne TRAORE Vamara OYETOLA Wilfried Dele soro Sionfoungo Daouda BAKOU Serge Niangoran Department of Public Health and Environment Inter-States School of Sciences and Veterinary Medeeine Dakar5077 Senegal Direction des Services Veterinaires de Cote d'Ivoire Abidjan 84 Cote d'Ivoire Zoo National d 'Abidjan Wildlife Management Abidjan 932 Cote d'lvoire Department of Biological Sciences and Animal productions Inter-States School of Sciences and Veterinary Medecine Dakar 5077 Senegal

This study aimed to assess the opinion of visitors regarding animal welfare at Zoo National d＇Abidjan. To reach this goal, a survey was conducted by interview with 220 visitors randomly selected among those who realized a full tour of the Zoo. Respondents were predominantly （59.1%） men and 59.1% were aged between 21 and 40 years. A large part （48.2%） had a high school level. Nearly 31% （30.9%） have animals and 64.6% love animals. More than half （60%） believe that the animals are in a situation of well being and 24.1% believe that elephant, lions and monkeys are lean. On the hygiene of habitat, 49.5% of visitors think that the pen of chimpanzees is the least clean. More three quarters （79.1%） believe that the animals are well fed, 89.1% that they are safe and 29.9% believe that animals are sad. Finally, visitors have various opinions but many believe that the welfare of lions, elephant, chimpanzees and patas monkeys must be improved.

关键词： Animal welfare interviews opinion visitors Zoo National d'Abidjan.

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Study of a Benzimidazole-Derived Series Inhibiting Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv

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Computational Chemistry 2022年第2期10卷 71-96页

作者： Georges Stéphane Dembélé Mamadou Guy-Richard Koné Fandia Konate Doh soro Nahossé Ziao Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et de Physico-Chimie du Milieu UFR SFA Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244 te-d’Ivoire Groupe Ivoirien de Recherches en Modélisation des Maladies (GIR2M) Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244 te-d’Ivoire

This work was carried out on a series of twenty-two (22) benzimidazole derivatives with inhibitory activities against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv by applying the Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) method. The molecules were optimized at the level DFT/B3LYP/6-31 + G (d, p), to obtain the molecular descriptors. We used three statistical learning tools namely, the linear multiple regression (LMR) method, the nonlinear regression (NLMR) and the artificial neural network (ANN) method. These methods allowed us to obtain three (3) quantitative models from the quantum descriptors that are, chemical potential (μ), polarizability (α), bond length l (C = N), and lipophilicity. These models showed good statistical performance. Among these, the ANN has a significantly better predictive ability R2 = 0.9995;RMSE = 0.0149;F = 31879.0548. The external validation tests verify all the criteria of Tropsha et al. and Roy et al. Also, the internal validation tests show that the model has a very satisfactory internal predictive character and can be considered as robust. Moreover, the applicability range of this model determined from the levers shows that a prediction of the pMIC of the new benzimidazole derivatives is acceptable when its lever value is lower than 1.

关键词： Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv Benzimidazole Derivatives QSAR ANN Applicability Domain

Detection of Campylobacter sp. from Poultry Feces in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2021年第2期12卷 107-114页

作者： Assèta Kagambèga Alexandre Thibodeau Daniel K. soro Nicolas Barro Philippe Fravalo Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire d’épidémiologie et de surveillance des bactéries et virus transmissibles par les aliments (LaBESTA)/Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies (EDST)/Université Joseph KI-ZERBOOuagadougou Burkina Faso Institut Des Sciences (IDS) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Veterinary Medicine Faculty Department of Pathology and Microbiology NSERC Industrial Research Chair in Meat-Safety (CRSV) University of Montreal Saint-Hyacinthe QC Canada

Background: Campylobacter contamination in poultry and poultry product has been reported worldwide. The present study aims to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter in poultry feces using selective enrichment Bolton broth and multiplex PCR. Method: Two methods were used in this study: the first was direct plating of poultry feces into mCCDA agar plates. The second, three antibiotics were used at different concentrations to add in Bolton broth supplemented. These antibiotics were Rifampicin (Oxoid, Nepean, Ontario) with 10 mg/L, colistin (Oxoid, Nepean, Ontario) with 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL;trimethoprim (Oxoid, Nepean, Ontario) with 10 mg/L. The colonies with typical campylobacter morphology on blood agar (little, red and

Temperature Effect on Light Concentration Silicon Solar Cell’s Operating Point and Conversion Efficiency

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2020年第5期11卷 61-72页

作者： Mahamadi Savadogo Boubacar soro Ramatou Konate Idrissa Sourabié Martial Zoungrana Issa Zerbo Dieudonné Joseph Bathiebo Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies Department of Physics Unit of Training and Research in Pure and Applied Sci-ences University Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

It is well known that temperature acts negatively on practically all the parameters of photovoltaic solar cells. Also, the solar cells which are subjected to particularly very high temperatures are the light concentration solar cells and are used in light concentration photovoltaic systems (CPV). In fact, the significant heating of these solar cells is due to the concentration of the solar flux which arrives on them. Light concentration solar cells appear as solar cells under strong influences of heating and temperature. It is therefore necessary to take into account temperature effect on light concentration solar cells performances in order to obtain realistic results. This one-dimensional study of a crystalline silicon solar cell under light concentration takes into account electrons concentration gradient electric field in the determination of the continuity equation of minority carriers in the base. To determine excess minority carrier’s density, the effects of temperature on the diffusion and mobility of electrons and holes, on the intrinsic concentration of electrons, on carrier’s generation rate as well as on width of band gap have also been taken into account. The results show that an increase of temperature improves diffusion parameters and leads to an increase of the short-circuit photocurrent density. However, an increase of temperature leads to a significant decrease in open-circuit photovoltage, maximum electric power and conversion efficiency. The results also show that the operating point and the maximum power point (MPP) moves to the open circuit when the cell temperature increases.

关键词： Temperature Electric Power Conversion Efficiency Light Concentration Maximum Power Point Junction Dynamic Velocity

Monitoring the Physico-Chemical Quality of the Davo River (South-West of Côte d’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2022年第8期12卷 1402-1415页

作者： Natchia Aka Yao Dakro Albert Gboko Kéiba Noël Keumean Oi Adjiri Adjiri Nagnin soro Département Environnement Centre de Recherches Océanologiques Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques de l’Eau et l’Environnement (LSTEE) UFR-STRM Université Félix Houphou&euml t Boigny Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de l’Environnement (LSTE) UFR Environnement-Université Jean Lorougnon Guédé Daloa C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

The Davo River, an affluent of the Sassandra River, like other rivers in Côte d’Ivoire, is subject to anthropogenic activities likely to deteriorate its quality which could affect its use as drinking water and also the health of aquatic organisms. This study aims at monitoring the temporal evolution of the physico-chemical quality of the waters of the Davo River at the Dakpadou hydrometric station. Twelve monthly field missions were carried out to sample water, measure temperature, pH, Electrical Conductivity and analyse turbidity, Suspended solids, major elements (Cl-, NO3-,HCO3-, SO42-, Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, and K+) and Trace Metallic Elements (Hg, Fe, Cu, Cr, and Pb). Results show that the waters of the Davo river are poorly mineralized. They are also acidic during periods of low water and slightly basic during flooding periods. The average turbidity value of 10.18 NTU places these waters in the slightly turbid class. The waters have calcic bicarbonate facies during low water periods and sodium bicarbonate facies with low concentrations of major elements during flood months. The average TME concentrations of the Davo river indicate that the waters are not harmful for the health of the population and the aquatic environment.

关键词： Davo River Turbidity Suspended Solids Major Elements Trace Metallic Element