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Circumscription of the East Asia clade (Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae) and the taxonomic placements of several problematic genera

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 206-218页

作者： jing Zhou Xinyue Wang Shilin Zhou junmei Niu jiarui Yue Zhenwen Liu stephen R.Downie School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products Kunming Medical University1168 Western Chunrong RoadYuhua StreetChenggong New CityKunming 650500China Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland Kunming 650201China Gaoligong Mountain Forest EcosystemObservation and Research Station of Yunnan ProvinceKunming 650201China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Gaoligong Mountain Kunming 650201China Department of Plant Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA College of Modern Biomedical Industry Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650500China

The East Asia(or Physospermopsis) clade was recognized in previous molecular phylogenetic investigations into the higher-level relationships of Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae. The composition of this clade, the phylogenetic relationships among its constituent taxa, and the placement of species previously determined to be problematic have yet to be resolved. Herein, nr DNA ITS sequences were obtained for150 accessions of Apioideae, representing species whose distributions are in East Asia or genera having one or more species included within the East Asia clade. These data, along with published ITS sequences from other Apioideae(for 3678 accessions altogether), were subjected to maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses. The results show that the East Asia clade contains representatives of 11currently recognized genera: Hansenia, Hymenolaena, Keraymonia, Sinolimprichtia, Acronema, Hymenidium, Physospermopsis, Pimpinella, Sinocarum, Tongoloa, and Trachydium. However, the latter seven genera have members falling outside of the East Asia clade, including the generic types of all except Tongoloa. Within the clade, the species comprising these seven genera are widely intermingled, greatly increasing confusion among relationships than previously realized. The problematic species Physospermopsis cuneata is confirmed as falling within the East Asia clade, whereas P. rubrinervis allies with the generic type in tribe Pleurospermeae. Physospermopsis kingdon-wardii is confirmed as a member of the genus Physospermopsis, whereas the generic attributions of P. cuneata and Tongoloa stewardii remain unclear. Two species of Sinocarum(S. filicinum and S. wolffianum) are transferred into the genus Meeboldia. This is the most comprehensive molecular phylogenetic investigation of the East Asia clade to date, and while the results increase systematic understanding of the clade, they also highlight the need for further studies of one of the most taxonomically intractable groups in Api

关键词： Physospermopsis Pimpinella Sinocarum Tongoloa Trachydium

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Fully flexible implantable neural probes for electrophysiology recording and controlled neurochemical modulation

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 317-333页

作者： Mohammad Hassan Malekoshoaraie Bingchen Wu Daniela DKrahe Zabir Ahmed stephen Pupa Vishal jain Xinyan Tracy Cui Maysamreza Chamanzar Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPA 15213USA Bioengineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15260USA Center for Neural Basis of Cognition University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittburgh 15213USA McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine University of PittsburghPittsburgh 15219USA Carnegie Mellon Neuroscience Institute Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburgh 15213USA

Targeted delivery of neurochemicals and biomolecules for neuromodulation of brain activity is a powerful technique that,in addition to electrical recording and stimulation,enables a more thorough investigation of neural circuit *** have designed a novel,flexible,implantable neural probe capable of controlled,localized chemical stimulation and electrophysiology *** neural probe was implemented using planar micromachining processes on Parylene C,a mechanically flexible,biocompatible *** probe shank features two large microelectrodes(chemical sites)for drug loading and sixteen small microelectrodes for electrophysiology recording to monitor neuronal response to drug *** reduce the impedance while keeping the size of the microelectrodes small,poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT)was electrochemically coated on recording *** addition,PEDOT doped with mesoporous sulfonated silica nanoparticles(SNPs)was used on chemical sites to achieve controlled,electrically-actuated drug loading and *** neurotransmitters,including glutamate(Glu)and gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA),were incorporated into the SNPs and electrically triggered to release *** in vitro experiment was conducted to quantify the stimulated release profile by applying a sinusoidal voltage(0.5 V,2 Hz).The flexible neural probe was implanted in the barrel cortex of the wild-type Sprague Dawley *** expected,due to their excitatory and inhibitory effects,Glu and GABA release caused a significant increase and decrease in neural activity,respectively,which was recorded by the recording *** novel flexible neural probe technology,combining on-demand chemical release and high-resolution electrophysiology recording,is an important addition to the neuroscience toolset used to dissect neural circuitry and investigate neural network connectivity.

关键词： Parylene recording release

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Orbital pacing and secular evolution of lake-level changes reconstructed by sedimentary noise modeling during the Early jurassic icehouses-(super)greenhouses

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 252-267页

作者： Meng LI Xin LI stephen P.HESSELBO Mingjie LI Wenjin LIU Wei WU jienan PAN Ruizhen GAO School of Resources and Environment Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454000China Camborne School of Mines and Environment and Sustainability Institute University of ExeterPenryn TR109FEUnited Kingdom Qinghai No.105 Coal Geological Exploration Team Xining 810000China

Lake-level changes can significantly affect paleoenvironmental evolution,resource occurrence,terrestrial carbon budget,and biodiversity in continental *** is one of the most critical factors controlling lake-level *** of the Early jurassic has been evidenced by oscillating icehouses to(super)greenhouses with interrupted intermittent extreme climatic events(hyperthermal and cooling),e.g.,the Toarcian oceanic anoxic event(~183 Ma)and the late Pliensbachian cooling event(~185 Ma).Lake-level evolution and hydrologic cycling on Earth’s surface during the Early jurassic icehouses-to-(super)greenhouses are thus far poorly understood due to a lack of continuous high-resolution nonmarine *** we present a super-long nonmarine lake level record for this pivotal interval from the early Pliensbachian to Toarcian by sedimentary noise modeling,and construct a 16.7-Myr-long astronomical time scale(174.2 Ma to 190.9 Ma)based on cyclostratigraphy analysis of rock color datasets(CIE b*)of the Qaidam *** results document lake-level oscillations on a 5-to 10-million-year(Myr)scale which shows a pronounced correlation with long-term climate variation and extreme climatic events,and 1-to 2.5-Myr-scale lake-level changes that are prominently paced by the 2.4-Myr long-eccentricity forcing and the 1.2-Myr obliquity *** the Pliensbachian Stage,the 1.2-Myr-scale lake-level changes are in phase with the coeval sealevel *** forced growth and decay of the ephemeral or permanent ice sheets in polar regions are interpreted to control the synchronous ups-and-downs of continental lake level and global sea ***,during the Toarcian ice-free greenhouses to(super)greenhouses,the 1.2-Myr-scale lake-level variations show an anti-phase relationship with global sea level,indicating a‘seesaw’interaction between continental reservoirs(lakes and groundwater)and global *** 2.4-Myr longeccentricity cycles mainly regulate variation

关键词： Milankovitch cycles Orbital forcing Sedimentary noise model Lake level Continental basins

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Experiments in Modernizing Cob Construction

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journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2024年第6期18卷 276-281页

作者： stephen Hren Mud Dauber School of Natural Building Silk HopeNCUSA

This paper will discuss experiments using various forming systems combined with utilizing mechanical equipment,from cement mixers to excavators and skid steers with attachments,to accelerate construction of cob homes and greatly reduce the labor *** is a colloquial term for monolithic adobe,and refers to a masonry building technique used since ancient times that uses locally-sourced clay as a binder,with various aggregates from sand to small grit or stone,woven together with straw or other fiber and built in continuous layers to form a monolithic structure.

关键词： Cob monolithic adobe earth construction formworks hempcrete mechanization slipforms

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The Ban on Illegal Mining in Ghana: Environmental and Socio-Economic Effect on Local Communities

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journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第3期12卷 153-162页

作者： stephen Twumasi Annan Department of Integrated Science Education Faculty of Science Education University of Education Winneba Ghana

The study was conducted to assess the effects of small-scale (artisanal) gold mining and its social and economic implications on the people in Amansie West District of Ghana. The artisanal gold mining communities were studied using secondary data from scholarly articles and journals, books, conference papers, research reports, policy documents, working papers, and briefs. Descriptive and systematic analyses were conducted. The result indicated that youth aged between 21 - 30 were most likely to engage in illegal mining operations in the selected study areas. The study revealed that farmland had been destroyed, making farming difficult for the inhabitants. It is evident from the review that dug-out pits from mining serve as breeding grounds for mosquitoes and death traps for humans. The study, therefore, accentuates the need for illegal small-scale gold mining to be formalised and strategic interventions and policies proposed for the protection of Ghana’s Natural resources. Furthermore, community members should be involved in policy-making and environmental protection issues to help control the menace of landscape destruction. Although the ban on illegal gold mining activity by the government has caused more people to lose their jobs leading to livelihood challenges in mining communities, it is a step in the right direction, as the ban seeks to halt and check the illegal small-scale mining sector. The study recommended alternative livelihood and income-generating projects such as beekeeping, mushroom culture, grasscutter rearing, and agroforestry technologies including the growth of economic fruit trees as alternative livelihood ventures.

关键词： Small-Scale Gold Mining Livelihood Social and Economic Implications

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Exploring geometry of genome space via Grassmann manifolds

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The Innovation 2024年第5期5卷 92-99,91页

作者： Xiaoguang Li Tao Zhou Xingdong Feng Shing-Tung Yau stephen S.-T.Yau School of Statistics and Management Shanghai University of Finance and EconomicsShanghai 200433China Department of Mathematical Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Yanqi Lake Beijing Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Applications Beijing 101408China

It is important to understand the geometry of genome space in *** transforming genome sequences into frequency matrices of the chaos game representation(FCGR),we regard a genome sequence as a point in a suitable Grassmann manifold by analyzing the column space of the corresponding *** assess the sequence similarity,we employ the generalized Grassmannian distance,an intrinsic geometric distance that differs from the traditional Euclidean distance used in the classical k-mer frequency-based *** this method,we constructed phylogenetic trees for various genome datasets,including influenza A virus hemagglutinin gene,Orthocoronavirinae genome,and SARS-CoV-2 complete genome *** comparative analysis with multiple sequence alignment and alignment-free methods for large-scale sequences revealed that our method,which employs the subspace distance between the column spaces of different FCGRs(FCGR-SD),outperformed its competitors in terms of both speed and *** addition,we used low-dimensional visualization of the SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences and spike protein nucleotide sequences with our methods,resulting in some intriguing *** not only propose a novel and efficient algorithm for comparing genome sequences but also demonstrate that genome data have some intrinsic manifold structures,providing a new geometric perspective for molecular biology studies.

关键词： methods. manifold geometry

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Morphing the Rules:Advanced Adaptations of Mud in Nigerian Buildings

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journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2024年第8期18卷 373-383页

作者： stephen Babatunde Ajadi Contemporary Initiative for Research in Design(CIRD) Nigeria

Mud is a ubiquitous building material in Nigeria,perhaps this is the reason why it is hardly seen as the outright building material that it *** most popular contribution of mud to Nigerian architecture can only be seen in the ancient traditional huts all over the *** still a building material in the suburbs of the country,mud is seen as a relic of the past,a symbol of a primitive tale of Nigerian building *** primary effort here is to redefine mud as a“skin”with infinite possibilities of imagery and texture,rather than its typical application as a wall in Nigerian *** is attempted to be expressed via a new geometric vocabulary by re-evaluating its surreptitious properties including its ability to behave like a formally defined NURBS(non-uniform rational basis spline)*** properties of mud and clay are unconventionally simulated in computer modelling and analysis software to understand the ways in which it can be optimized for advanced building *** calculations and algorithmic calculations serve as tools to discover the NURBS-propensity of *** provides a whole new low-cost construction opportunity for the building of irregularly flowing structures.

关键词： Comganisms generate morph mud skin spline texture.

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Investigating explainable transfer learning for battery lifetime prediction under state transitions

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eScience 2024年第5期4卷 132-142页

作者： Tianze Lin Sihui Chen stephen jHarris Tianshou Zhao Yang Liu jiayu Wan Global Institute of Future Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo.800 Dongchuan RoadShanghai 200240China Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China SUSTech Energy Institute for Carbon Neutrality Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division Lawrence Berkeley National LabBerkeleyCA 94720USA Data Science Research CenterDuke Kunshan UniversityNo.8 Duke AvenueKunshan 215316China Center for Advanced Energy System and Reliability Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo.800 Dongchuan RoadShanghai 200240China

Battery lifetime prediction at early cycles is crucial for researchers and manufacturers to examine product quality and promote technology *** learning has been widely utilized to construct data-driven solutions for high-accuracy ***,the internal mechanisms of batteries are sensitive to many factors,such as charging/discharging protocols,manufacturing/storage conditions,and usage *** factors will induce state transitions,thereby decreasing the prediction accuracy of data-driven *** learning is a promising technique that overcomes this difficulty and achieves accurate predictions by jointly utilizing information from various ***,we develop two transfer learning methods,Bayesian Model Fusion and Weighted Orthogonal Matching Pursuit,to strategically combine prior knowledge with limited information from the target dataset to achieve superior prediction *** our results,our transfer learning methods reduce root-mean-squared error by 41%through adapting to the target ***,the transfer learning strategies identify the variations of impactful features across different sets of batteries and therefore disentangle the battery degradation mechanisms and the root cause of state transitions from the perspective of data *** findings suggest that the transfer learning strategies proposed in our work are capable of acquiring knowledge across multiple data sources for solving specialized issues.

关键词： Battery life prediction Transfer learning State transitions Explainability Degradation mechanism

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Potentials of ribosomopathy gene as pharmaceutical targets for cancer treatment

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journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第3期14卷 308-320页

作者： Mengxin Wang stephen Vulcano Changlu Xu Renjian Xie Weijie Peng jie Wang Qiaojun Liu Lee jia Zhi Li Yumei Li Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of jiangxi Province Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhouJiangxi341000China School of Rehabilitation Medicine Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhouJiangxi341000China Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program HSS Research InstituteHospital for Special Surgery New YorkNew YorkNY10021USA Division of Oral and Systemic Health Sciences School of DentistryUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA School of Medical Information Engineering Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhouJiangxi341000China Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province Anhui Institute of Innovative DrugsInstitute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical UniversitySchool of PharmacyAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China School of Basic Medicine Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhouJiangxi341000China Institute of Oceanography Minjiang UniversityFuzhou350108China

Ribosomopathies encompass a spectrum of disorders arising from impaired ribosome biogenesis and reduced *** or dysexpression of the genes that disturb any finely regulated steps of ribosome biogenesis can result in different types of ribosomopathies in clinic,collectively known as ribosomopathy *** data suggest that ribosomopathy patients exhibit a significantly heightened susceptibility to *** ribosome biogenesis and dysregulation of some ribosomopathy genes have also been found to be intimately associated with cancer *** correlation between ribosome biogenesis or ribosomopathy and the development of malignancies has been well *** work aims to review the recent advances in the research of ribosomopathy genes among human cancers and meanwhile,to excavate the potential role of these genes,which have not or rarely been reported in cancer,in the disease development across *** plan to establish a theoretical framework between the ribosomopathy gene and cancer development,to further facilitate the potential of these genes as diagnostic biomarker as well as pharmaceutical targets for cancer treatment.

关键词： Ribosome biogenesis Ribosomopathy gene Cancer treatment target Pharmaceutical target

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Symptom presentation and evolution in the first 48 hours after injury are associated with return to play after concussion in elite Rugby Union

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 387-397页

作者： Ross Tucker Matt Cross Keith Stokes Lindsay Starling Rosy Hyman Simon Kemp stephen West Martin Raftery Eanna Falvey james Brown Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine(ISEM) Department of ExerciseUniversity of StellenboschTygerberg 7505South Africa World Rugby Ltd. Dublin D02 AE93Ireland Premiership Rugby London SW1V 1PXUK Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in SportUniversity of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK UK Collaborating Centre on Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport(UKCCIIS) University of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK Rugby Football Union London TW27BAUK London School of Tropical Medicine London WC1E 7HTUK Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada Department of Medicine School of Medicine and HealthUniversity College CorkCork T12 EC8PIreland Carnegie Applied Rugby Research(CARR)centre Carnegie School of SportLeeds Beckett UniversityLeeds LS63QSUK

Background:Return to play(RTP)in elite rugby is managed using a 6-stage graduated RTP protocol,which can result in clearance to play within 1 week of *** aimed to explore how symptom,cognitive,and balance presentation and evolution during concussion screens 2 h(head injury assessment(HIA2)and 48 h(HIA3)after injury were associated with time to RTP)to identify whether a more conservative graduated RTP may be ***:A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 380 concussed rugby players from elite men’s rugby over 3 consecutive *** were classified as shorter or longer returns,depending on whether RTP occurred within 7 days(allowing them to be considered to play the match 1 week after injury)or longer than 8 days,***,cognitive,and balance performance during screens was assessed relative to baseline(normal or abnormal)and to the preceding screen(improving or worsening).Associations between sub-test abnormalities and RTP time were explored using odds ratios(OR,longer ***).Median day absence was compared between players with abnormal or worsening results and those whose results were normal or ***:Abnormal symptom results during screens 2 h and 48 h after concussion were associated with longer return time(HIA2:OR=2.21,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.39-3.50;HIA3:OR=3.30,95%CI:1.89-5.75).Worsening symptom number or severity from the time of injury to 2 h and 48 h post-injury was associated with longer return(HIA2:OR=2.49,95%CI:1.36-4.58;HIA3:OR=3.34,95%CI:1.10-10.15).Median days absence was greater in players with abnormal symptom results at both HIA2 and *** and balance performance were not associated with longer return and did not affect median days ***:Symptom presentation and evolution within 48 h of concussion were associated with longer RTP *** may guide a more conservative approach to RTP,while still adhering to individualized concussion management principles.

关键词： Brain injury Concussion management General return to play Medical management

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