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Visceral Leishmaniasis at the national Reference University Hospital Center of n’djam.na (Chad): Epidemiological, Clinical, Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Prognostic Aspects

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 478-486页

作者： joseph Mad-Toïngué Mahamat Ali Ahmat Oumaïma Mahamat Djarma Alifa Adjibera Philippe Ali Mahamat Moussa ngakoutou Rangar Choua Ouchemi Mahamat Ali Bolti Djiddi Ali Sougoudi Mamissou Didi Mahamat Doungous Atim Service des Maladies Infectieuses CHU de Référence Nationale N’Djamena Chad Service de Gastroentérologie et Médecine Interne CHU de Référence Nationale N’Djamena Chad Service de Pneumologie et Phtisiologie CHU de Référence Nationale N’Djamena Chad Service de Chirurgie viscérale CHU de Référence Nationale N’Djamena Chad Service de Médecine CHU de la Renaissance N’Djamena Chad

Introduction: leishmaniasis is a group of parasitic diseases caused by a parasite of the genus Leishmania transmitted by the bite of an infected vector called a sandfly. There are four forms. Visceral leishmaniasis is the most severe form. The aim of our work is to study the epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of the disease in the Infectious Diseases Department of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Référence nationale in n'djam.na. Methodology: Patients were recruited on the basis of clinical signs suggestive of visceral leishmaniasis, i.e. prolonged fever, splenomegaly and altered general condition. Biological confirmation was performed with a rapid diagnostic test using recombinant K39 parasite antigen, which is known to have good specificity and sensitivity. Epidata version 3.1 software was used to process patient data. Results: From 05/04/21 to 15/12/23, 153 positive cases were managed. The mean age of patients was 18 years, with a sex ratio of 9.2. Of these patients, 103 (67.3%) had recently stayed at gold mining sites. Patients testing positive were treated with sodium stibogluconate combined with paromomycin for 17 days. The mortality rate was 13.2%. Conclusion: Leishmaniasis is a serious and little-known disease in Chad. In order to respond to the disease, it is necessary to reinforce the capacities of health structures and to carry out appropriate actions in the outbreaks.

关键词： Visceral Leishmaniasis Gold Mining Sites Chad

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Different Species of Salmonella spp and Shigella spp and Their Risk of Infection in n’djam.na Chad

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第11期11卷 1-12页

作者： Mahamat Tahir n’garé Hassan Ahmat Idriss Ahmat Yacoub Mahamat Allamine Abakar Lawane Idriss Allagueryane Djimadinan Abderrazzack Adoum Foudda Ali Mahamat Moussa Laboratoire de Recherche Diagnostics et d’Expertises Scientifiques Ministère de la Santé Publique et de la Prevention N’Djamena Tchad Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences des Aliments et nutrition Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Humaine (FSSH) Université de N’Djamena N’Djamena Tchad Programme Sectoriel de Lutte Contre le Sida Université Touma&iuml N’Djamena Tchad Services Gastro-Entero-Hépatique Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Référence Nationale N’Djaména Tchad Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Humaine N’Djaména Tchad

Introduction: Salmonella and Shigella are gram-negative bacilli that are resistant to most antibiotics and play an important role in an etiology of diarrhea disease. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of Salmonella spp and Shigella spp isolated from stool and blood samples in the city of n’djam.na. Materials and Method: This was a prospective study conducted in the four district hospitals of n’djam.na from 14 July 2022 to 31 December 2022. A questionnaire form was drawn up to collect the information sent to the study patients. The samples were analyzed at the CHU de la Mère et de l’Enfant, Labo-Redes laboratory according to their protocols and the standard of the antibiogram committee of the French microbiology society. Results: Of the 803 biological samples analyzed, 39 were positive for Salmonella spp and Shigella spp, including 15 for Salmonella and 24 for Shigella, giving an overall prevalence rate of 4.85%. Borehole water, uncooked food and lack of access to a latrine constitute a risk of being infected by Salmonella spp and Shigella spp species. Of the 8 antibiotics tested, Salmonella spp and Shigella spp strains showed good sensitivity to nalidixic acid (100% for Salmonella and 90 for Shigella) and to ciprofloxacin (90.9% for Salmonella and 75% for Shigella). Resistance to ampicillin was found in 81.81% of Salmonella species and 78.57% of Shigella species, as was resistance to chloramphenicol (81.81% of Salmonella species and 67.85% of Shigella species). Similarly, cleanliness of the service and equipment is an essential factor in preventing Salmonella and Shigella infections.

关键词： Salmonella Shigella Species Prevalence Antibiotics Resistance Chad

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