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Suberin Biopolymer in Rice Root Exodermis Reinforces Preformed Barrier Against Meloidogyne graminicola Infection

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Rice science 2021年第3期28卷 301-312,I0028-I0030页

作者： divya singh Tushar K.DUTTA Tagginahalli N.SHIVAKUMARA Manoranjan DASH Haritha BOLLINEDI Uma RAO Division of Nematology ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi 110012India Division of Genetics ICARIndian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi 110012India

Exploration of novel genetic resources against root-knot nematode(RKN)is necessary to strengthen the resistance breeding program in cultivated rice,and investigations on the role of genotype-specific root anatomy in conferring a structural barrier against nematode invasion are largely ***,we reported a highly-resistant rice germplasm Phule Radha that conferred remarkably lower RKN parasitic fitness in terms of reduced penetration and delayed development and reproduction when compared with susceptible cultivar *** histological and biochemical analyses,we demonstrated that an enhanced suberin deposition in the exodermal root tip tissue of Phule Radha compared to PB1121 can effectively form a penetrative barrier against RKN infection,and this preformed barrier in the control tissue did not necessarily alter to a greater extent when challenged with RKN *** qRT-PCR analysis,we showed that a number of suberin biosynthesis genes were greatly expressed in the exodermis of Phule Radha compared to *** sum,the present study established the role of rice exodermal barrier system in defense against an important soil-borne pathogen.

关键词： penetration suberin lamellae root-knot nematode rice root exodermis

果蝇Drosophila biarmipes翅斑二型性的生态学意义(英文)

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昆虫学报 2013年第11期56卷 1267-1274页

作者： Ravi PARKASH Chanderkala LAMBHOD divya singh Department Of Genetics Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak 124001 India

雌性对雄性表饰的偏好性有利于性别选择。目前尚不清楚这一偏好性是否只限于雄性表饰或这一偏好性实际上是源于影响后代适合度的基因。对于雄性可直接有利于雌性或其后代适合度的交配系统而言,答案是肯定的———雌性偏好于与对气候胁... 详细信息

雌性对雄性表饰的偏好性有利于性别选择。目前尚不清楚这一偏好性是否只限于雄性表饰或这一偏好性实际上是源于影响后代适合度的基因。对于雄性可直接有利于雌性或其后代适合度的交配系统而言,答案是肯定的———雌性偏好于与对气候胁迫具有更强生理抗性的雄性交配。对果蝇Drosophila biarmipes的室内研究已经证明了求偶过程中翅斑的作用,但是其生态学意义仍然不清楚。我们检验了有翅斑与无翅斑雄性果蝇***及雌性偏好的雄性所产生的后代对环境胁迫的抗性是否不同。结果表明:在干燥或冷胁迫条件下,有翅斑的雄性果蝇比无翅斑的雄性果蝇的交配成功率明显要高。相反,在高湿条件下,无翅斑雄性果蝇的交配频率更高。我们也发现在较为干旱的条件下,与有翅斑雄性交配的雌性果蝇的生殖力以及所得后代从卵至成虫的存活率更高。我们的结果与优良基因性选择假说一致,说明交配选择能给雌性带来间接好处。这是对热带物种***翅色二型性生态学意义的首次报道。

关键词：果蝇翅斑二型性性选择优良基因交配偏好性

Imaging evaluation of hemoptysis in children

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2013年第4期2卷 54-64页

作者： divya singh Ashu Seith Bhalla Prasad Thotton Veedu Arundeep Arora Department of Radiodiagnosis All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi 110029 India

Hemoptysis is an uncommon but distressing symptom in children. It poses a diagnostic challenge as it is difficult to elicit a clear history and perform thorough physical examination in a child. The cause of hemoptysis in children can vary with the child's age. It can range from infection, milk protein allergy and congenital heart disease in early childhood, to vasculitis, bronchial tumor and bronchiectasis in older children. Acute lower respiratory tract infections are the most common cause of pediatric hemoptysis. The objective of imaging is to identify the source of bleeding, underlying primary cause, and serve as a roadmap for invasive procedures. Hemoptysis originates primarily from the bronchial arteries. The imaging modalities available for the diagnostic evaluation of hemoptysis include chest radiography, multi-detector computed tomography(MDCT), magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and catheter angiography. Chest radiography is the initial screening tool. It can help in lateralizing the bleeding with high degree of accuracy and can detect several parenchymal and pleural abnormalities. However, it may be normal in up to 30% cases. MDCT is a rapid, non-invasive multiplanar imaging modality. It aids in evaluation of hemoptysis by depiction of underlying disease, assessment of consequences of hemorrhage and provides panoramic view of the thoracic vasculature. The various structures which need to be assessed carefully include the pulmonary parenchyma, tracheobronchial tree, pulmonary arteries, bronchial arteries and non-bronchial systemic arteries. Since the use of MDCT entails radiation exposure, optimal low dose protocols should be used so as to keep radiation dose as low as reasonably achievable. MRI and catheter angiography have limited application.

关键词： Hemoptysis Lower respiratory tract infection Bronchiectasis Cystic fibrosis Foreign body

Pediatric vs adult pulmonary tuberculosis:A retrospective computed tomography study

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2013年第4期2卷 70-76页

作者： Prasad Thotton Veedu Ashu Seith Bhalla Sreenivas Vishnubhatla Sushil Kumar Kabra Arundeep Arora divya singh Arun Kumar Gupta Department of Radiodiagnosis All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi 110029India Department of Biostatistics All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi 110029 India Department of Pediatrics All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi 110029 India

AIM: To compare the manifestations of chest tuberculosis(TB) in pediatric and adult patients based on contrast enhanced computed tomography of ***: This was a retrospective study consisting of 152 patients of chest TB including 48 children and 104 adults who had undergone contrast enhanced computed tomography of chest prior to treatment. The patterns and severity of parenchymal, mediastinal and pleural manifestations were analyzed and compared among different age ***: Parenchymal changes observed include consolidation, air space nodules, miliary TB, cavitation, bronchiectasis and fibrosis and these were noted in 60% of children, 71% of adolescents and 76.9% of adults. These changes were more common in right upper lobe in all age groups. There was no significant difference in the frequency of these changes(except nodules) in different age groups. Centrilobular nodules were seen less commonly in children less than 10 years(P = 0.028). Pleural effusion was noted in 28(18.42%) patients and pericardial effusion in 8(5.3%) patients. No significant difference in the serosal involvement is seen among children and adults. Mediastinal adenopathy was seen 70% of children, 76.3% adolescents and 76.9% of adults and paratracheal nodes were seen most frequently. Nodes had similar features(except matting) among all age groups. Matting of nodes was seen more commonly in children(P = 0.014). CONCLUSION: Pediatric chest tuberculosis can have severe parenchymal lesions and nodal involvement similar to adults. The destructive lung changes observed in children needs immediate attention in view of the longer life span they have and hence in formulating optimal treatment strategies.

关键词： Tuberculosis Pulmonary Primary tuberculosis Children Computed tomography

Bearing capacity of foundations on rock slopes intersected by non-persistent discontinuity

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第5期30卷 669-674页

作者： divya Shaunik Mahendra singh Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeRoorkee 247667India

Rocks encountered in foundations of heavy structures are invariably intersected by discontinuities(joints).In the past,several studies have been performed by researchers to incorporate the effect of fully persistent joints in the assessment of the load-carrying capacity of ***,in the field,the joints are non-persistent,and an assumption of full persistency will underestimate the ***,Shaunik&singh have studied the influence of non-persistency,number of joint segments and discontinuity orientation on the strength behaviour of rock specimens(Shaunik and singh,2019).Bell’s approach can be used to obtain the bearing capacity of shallow foundations placed in jointed *** the present study,results of the experimental work(Shaunik and singh,2019)conducted by Shaunik&singh have been used to suggest expressions by extending Bell’s approach for computing bearing capacity of the foundation placed near the crown of a rock *** to use design charts are also presented for field ***,a real-life problem from Indian Garhwal Himalayas is considered,and the approach suggested in this study is utilised to obtain the bearing capacity of a bridge foundation as a function of uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)of intact rock,joint friction,spacing and orientation of joint,nonpersistency and number of joint segments.

关键词： Uniaxial compressive strength(UCS) Joint segment Discontinuity Non-persistency Bell’s approach

Nonlinear mixing-based terahertz emission in inclined rippled density plasmas

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第6期32卷 384-390页

作者： K Gopal A P singh S divya Rajdhani College Department of Physics&ElectronicsUniversity of DelhiNew DelhiIndia Computational Plasma Dynamics Laboratory Rajdhani CollegeDepartment of Physics&ElectronicsUniversity of DelhiNew DelhiIndia

We propose to investigate the THz field generation using nonlinear mixing mechanism of laser beat wave with inclined rippled density *** laser pulses with frequencies(ω_(1),ω_(2)) and wave vectors(k_(1),k_(2)) co-propagate and resultant laser beat wave forms at beat frequency(ω_(1)-ω_(2)).Laser beat wave imparts a nonlinear force on the ambient electrons and pushes them outward with nonlinear velocity v_(NL).Coupling of induced density perturbation and nonlinear velocity v_(NL)generates nonlinear currents at laser beat frequency that further generates electromagnetic field E_((ω_(1)-ω_(2))) in terahertz(THz)*** the present scheme,density ripples are introduced at an angle with respect to laser propagation and flat Gaussian index(f) is introduced in laser field profile that transform curved top of Gaussian field envelope into flat top field *** combined effect of flat laser pulses with inclined density ripples in plasmas shows 10-fold enhancement in THz field amplitude when flat-Gaussian index(f) varies from 1 to ***,the THz field intensifies when density ripples inclination increases upto a certain angle and then decreases.

关键词： terahertz inclined ripple flat laser laser plasma interaction

Strength behaviour of a model rock intersected by non-persistent joint

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第6期11卷 1243-1255页

作者： divya Shaunik Mahendra singh Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

Several constructions in the field of civil engineering quite often need to deal with *** behaviour of rock intersected by a discontinuity or a set of discontinuities has been a topic of keen interest for engineering *** popular attributes of discontinuities that have been given due importance are their frequency,orientation and surface ***-persistency,however,has been given little *** article presents an experimental study wherein focus has been made on the effect of non-persistency of the joint on the uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)of a model rock for various geometries such as orientation,discontinuity length ratio and number of joint *** applicability of single plane of weakness theory(SPWT)to assess the strength of jointed specimens has also been *** has been noticed that SPWT captures the strength behaviour only for a narrow range of discontinuity *** an improvement,an approach is suggested by extending concepts of degree of persistence and joint factor to have a better understanding towards strength behaviour of rocks intersected by non-persistent joints.

关键词： Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) Joint segment Non-persistency Joint factor

Linear diophantine uncertain linguistic-based prospect theory approach for performance evaluation of islanded microgrid-system scenarios

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Clean Energy 2023年第2期7卷 263-282页

作者： Sweta singh Neeraj Kanwar divya Zindani Department of Electrical Engineering Manipal University JaipurIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of EngineeringKalavakkamTamil NaduIndia

Renewable-energy-based hybrid microgrids can aid in achieving one of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals,i.e.‘Affordable and clean energy’.However,experts may be faced with the challenge of selecting the best one for the electrification of an *** avoid the challenge and realize the ultimate goal of the United Nations,the present study,therefore,proposes a novel pros-pect theory-based decision-making approach to help experts in opting for the best microgrid *** proposed decision-making framework considers the risk appetite of the decision-maker,a quintessential aspect of the *** diophantine uncertain lin-guistic sets are used to model the linguistic evaluations from the *** information from different experts is aggregated using a linear diophantine uncertain linguistic power Einstein-weighted geometric ***,the prospect-theory-based TOmada de Decisao Interativa Multicriterio approach is employed to evaluate the performance of the available microgrid scenarios and hence opt for the best microgrid *** proposed framework has been used to evaluate the performance of seven possible microgrid scenarios and hence select the best one that can be implemented for rural electrification of a remote village in Assam,*** microgrid scenario consisting of a photovoltaic-wind turbine-fuel cell-battery converter(MG_(3))has been revealed to be the best scen-ario among the seven considered microgrid *** validity of the obtained ranking results has been adjudged through a com-prehensive evaluation regarding the attenuation factor and the weights of the ***,previous case studies have also been solved using the proposed methodology and the results reveal a good correlation between the obtained ranking results.

关键词： distributed energy and smart grid energy and environment islanded microgrid

Human Factors While Using Head-Up-Display in Low Visibility Flying Conditions

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 2411-2423页

作者： Jhulan Kumar Surender singh Saini divya Agrawal Vinod Karar Aman Kataria Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR) Ghaziabad201002India CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organisation 160030India

Flying an aircraft in low visibility is still a challenging task for the *** requires precise and accurate situational awareness(SA)in real-time.A Head-up Display(HUD)is used to project collimated internal and externalﬂight information on a transparent screen in the pilot’s forwardﬁeld of view,which eliminates the change of eye position between Head-Down-Display(HDD)instru-ments and outer view through the *** of HUD increases the SA and reduces the workload for the *** to provide a betterﬂying capability for the pilot,projecting extensive information on HUD causes human factor issues that reduce pilot performance and lead to accidents in low visibility *** literature shows that human error is the leading cause of more than 70%of aviation *** this study,the ability of the pilot able to read background and symbology information of HUD at a different level of back-ground seen complexity,such as symbology brightness,transition time,amount of Symbology,size etc.,in low visibility conditions is *** result shows that increased complexity on the HUD causes more detection errors.

关键词： HUD avionics human factor situational awareness background complexity