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Intuitive approach towards detection of attention tunneling while using a head-up display

Chinese Optics Letters 2015年第8期13卷 45-49页

作者： Vinod Karar Divya Agrawal Smarajit Ghosh Optical Devices and Systems Central Scientific Instruments Organisation Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering Department Thapar University

Head-up display （HUD）, a primary cockpit display, helps in optimizing a pilot＇s attention towards aircraft and outside events. Slight mismatch in the balance may cause missed events; this phenomenon is called attention tunneling and affects the situational awareness of the pilot. This work reports an intuitive approach to detect attention tunneling while use of HUD in aircrafts. Texture analysis of a composite HUD camera video provided three distinguishing parameters, viz., contrast, correlation, and homogeneity. These three texture parameters are used as inputs for a fuzzy inference-based assistive detection system which could be used for distinguishing tunneled and nontunneled HUD operation.

关键词： Intuitive approach towards detection of attention tunneling while using a head-up display GLCM

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Hybrid Energy Storage to Control and Optimize Electric Propulsion Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 6183-6200页

作者： Sikander Hans Smarajit Ghosh Suman Bhullar Aman Kataria Vinod Karar Divya Agrawal Department of Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering&TechnologyPatialaIndia Optical Devices and Systems CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments OrganizationChandigarh 160030India

Today,ship development has concentrated on electrifying ships in commercial and military applications to improve efficiency,support highpower missile systems and reduce emissions.However,the electric propulsion of the shipboard system experiences torque fluctuation,thrust,and power due to the rotation of the propeller shaft and the motion of waves.In order tomeet these challenges,a new solution is needed.This paper explores hybrid energy management systems using the battery and ultracapacitor to control and optimize the electric propulsion system.The battery type and ultracapacitor are ZEBRA and MAXWELL,respectively.The 3-,4-and 5-blade propellers are considered to produce power and move rapidly.The loss factor has been reduced,and the sea states have been found through the Elephant Herding Optimization algorithm.The efficiency of the proposed system is greatly enhanced through torque,thrust and power.The model predictive controller control strategy is activated to reduce load torque and drive system Root Average Square(RMS)error.The implementations are conducted under the MATLAB platform.The values for torque,current,power,and error are measured and plotted.Finally,the performance of the proposed methodology is compared with other available algorithms such as BAT and Dragonfly(DF).The simulation results show that the results of the proposed method are superior to those of various techniques and algorithms such as BAT and Dragonfly.

关键词： Dynamic model of the ship elephant herding optimization energy management schemes propeller ultra-capacitor zebra batteries

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Human Factors While Using Head-Up-Display in Low Visibility Flying Conditions

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 2411-2423页

作者： Jhulan Kumar Surender Singh Saini Divya Agrawal Vinod Karar Aman Kataria Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR) Ghaziabad201002India CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organisation 160030India

Flying an aircraft in low visibility is still a challenging task for the pilot.It requires precise and accurate situational awareness(SA)in real-time.A Head-up Display(HUD)is used to project collimated internal and externalﬂight information on a transparent screen in the pilot’s forwardﬁeld of view,which eliminates the change of eye position between Head-Down-Display(HDD)instru-ments and outer view through the windshield.Implementation of HUD increases the SA and reduces the workload for the pilot.But to provide a betterﬂying capability for the pilot,projecting extensive information on HUD causes human factor issues that reduce pilot performance and lead to accidents in low visibility conditions.The literature shows that human error is the leading cause of more than 70%of aviation accidents.In this study,the ability of the pilot able to read background and symbology information of HUD at a different level of back-ground seen complexity,such as symbology brightness,transition time,amount of Symbology,size etc.,in low visibility conditions is discussed.The result shows that increased complexity on the HUD causes more detection errors.

关键词： HUD avionics human factor situational awareness background complexity

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Glycemic Indices of Multiple Oral Nutritional Supplements: A Randomized Cross-Over Study in Indian Adults

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第10期14卷 941-962页

作者： Deepti Khanna Jaladhi Bhatt Jayanti Gupta Simran Sethi Parth Joshi Manoj Pareek Divya Agrawal Hindustan Unilever Limited R&D Department Gurugram India Independent Biostatistician & Researcher Mumbai India Cliantha Research Ahmedabad India

Background: A randomized cross-over study was conducted to assess the glycemic index (GI) of seven Oral Nutritional Supplements (ONSs). These ONSs are designed to support the nutritional requirements of different age-groups, physiological states, or health conditions among Indian adults. Methods: The study had two phases viz., phase1 (n = 18) studied two ONSs: A1 and B1 and phase 2 (n = 20) studied five ONSs: A2, B2, C2, D2 & E2. The subjects were healthy, non-diabetic adults, aged between 20 - 44 years with a mean Body Mass Index of 21.2 ± 1.52 kg/m2 (Phase 1) and 21.0 ± 1.45 kg/m2 (Phase 2). All these ONSs were compared with reference drinks (glucose). The carbohydrates in one serving of each ONS were matched to carbohydrates from 25 grams of glucose following ISO 2010 guidelines. Capillary blood was assessed for blood glucose response at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. GI was calculated as the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for the test drinks and expressed as a percentage of the average iAUC from glucose. Results: Phase 1 indicated that the high fiber diabetes-specific nutrition supplement A1 with higher protein (23% energy), higher fat (25% energy) and reduced carbohydrates (40% energy) had a significantly (p = 0.002) lower GI [34 (±6)] as compared to B1 [63 (±7)] (protein 19%, fat 7% and carbohydrates 60% energy) even with similar amount (22%) and type of fiber. Phase 2 reported that all test products [A2 (32 ± 5), B2 (37 ± 4), C2 (31 ± 5), D2 (31 ± 5) and E2 (55 ± 4)] had a low GI. As compared to phase 1, ONSs in phase 2 had lower fiber content (1.6% - 4.6% energy). Conclusion: The glycemic index of oral nutrition supplements is influenced not only by their fiber content, but also by the overall macronutrient composition including protein (≥17% energy), fat (≥10% - 27% energy) and carbohydrates (40% - 57.5% energy).

关键词： Glycemic Index Oral Nutritional Supplements Incremental Area under the Curve Diabetes

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