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Effects of environmental conditions and space on species turnover for three plant functional groups in Brazilian savannas

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第6期12卷 1047-1058页

作者： Hélio Menegat divino vicente silvério Henrique A.Mews Guarino R.Colli Ana Clara Abadia Leonardo Maracahipes-Santos Lorrayne A.Gonçalves Jhany Martins Eddie Lenza Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso Campus Universitário de Nova XavantinaRua Prof.Dr.Renato Figueiro VarellaCaixa Postal0878690-000Nova XavantinaMTBrazil Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia Rua Horizontina 10478640-000CanaranaMTBrazil Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza Universidade Federal do AcreCaixa Postal 50069920-900Rio BrancoACBrazil Departamento de Zoologia Universidade de Brasília70910-900BrasíliaDFBrazil

Aims Different plant functional groups display diverging responses to the same environmental ***,we assess the effects of environmental and spatial predictors on species turnover of three functional groups of Brazilian savannas(Cerrado)plants—trees,palms and lianas—across the transition zone between the Cerrado and Amazon biomes in central *** We used edaphic,climatic and plant composition data from nine one-hectare plots to assess the effects of the environment and space on species turnover using a Redundancy Analysis and Generalized Dissimilarity Modeling(GDM),associated with variance *** Findings We recorded 167 tree species,5 palms and 4 liana *** variation was most important in explaining species turnover,relative to geographic distance,but the best predictors differed between functional groups:geographic distance and silt for lianas;silt for palms;geographic distance,temperature and elevation for *** distances alone exerted little influence over species turnover for the three functional *** pure environmental variation explained most of the liana and palm turnover,while tree turnover was largely explained by the shared spatial and environmental *** effects of geographic distance upon species turnover leveled off at about 300 km for trees,and 200 km for lianas,whereas they were unimportant for palm species *** results indicate that environmental factors that determine floristic composition and species turnover differ substantially between plant functional groups in ***,we recommend that studies that aim to investigate the role of environmental conditions in determining plant species turnover should examine plant functional groups separately.

关键词： environmental gradient spatial gradient Neotropical savannas ecological tension zone life forms ecological groups

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Winter survival of microbial contaminants in soil:An in situ verification

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第1期27卷 131-138页

作者： Antonio Bucci Vincenzo Allocca Gino Naclerio Giovanni Capobianco Fabio divino Francesco Fiorillo Fulvio Celico University of Molise Department of Biosciences and Territory University "Federico Ⅱ" Department of Earth Sciences University of Sannio Department of Geological and Environmental Studies University of Parma Department of Physics and Earth Sciences "Macedonio Melloni"

The aim of the research was to evaluate, at site scale, the influence of freezing and freeze/thaw cycles on the survival of faecal coliforms and faecal enterococci in soil, in a climate change perspective. Before the winter period and during grazing, viable cells of faecal coliforms and faecal enterococci were detected only in the first 10 cm below ground, while,after the winter period and before the new seasonal grazing, a lower number of viable cells of both faecal indicators was detected only in some of the investigated soil profiles, and within the first 5 cm. Taking into consideration the results of specific investigations, we hypothesise that the non-uniform spatial distribution of grass roots within the studied soil can play an important role in influencing this phenomenon, while several abiotic factors do not play any significant role. Taking into account the local trend in the increase of air temperature, a different distribution of microbial pollution over time is expected in spring waters, in future climate scenarios. The progressive increase in air temperature will cause a progressive decrease in freeze/thaw cycles at higher altitudes, minimising cold shocks on microbial cells, and causing spring water pollution also during winter.

关键词： Climate change Cold shock Faecal indicator Freeze/thaw cycle Microbial contamination

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Starch Digestibility and Physicochemical and Cooking Properties of Irradiated Rice Grains

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Rice science 2017年第1期24卷 48-55页

作者： Luís Fernando POLESI Manoel divino da MATTA JUNIOR Silene Bruder silveira SARMENTO Solange Guidolin CANNIATTI-BRAZACA Department of Food Engineering Federal University of RondoniaAriquemes 76872-848RondoniaBrazil Department of Agroindustry Food and NutritionCollege of Agriculture Luiz de QueirozUniversity of Sao PauloPiracicaba 13418-900Sao PauloBrazil

This study evaluated the starch digestibility, physicochemical properties and cooking characteristics of polished rice（varieties IRGA417 and IAC202） subjected to the doses of 0（as the control）, 1, 2 and 5 k Gy of gamma radiation. The highest dose decreased the apparent amylose content, peak viscosity, water absorption and volume expansion. Irradiation increased the solid loss by 119% and 187% for IAC202 and IRGA417, respectively, when comparing the higher dose with the control. For IAC202, irradiation decreased the rapidly digestible starch and increased the slowly digestible starch（SDS） and resistant starch（RS）. IRGA417 showed an elevation of SDS and a reduction in RS. And 1 k Gy dose of gamma radiation generated the highest level of RS for both the two varieties and presented the smallest changes in other physicochemical and cooking properties.

关键词： starch cooking viscosity gamma irradiation grains Starch granules chains physiological

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Fermentative and Bromatological Characteristics of Piata Palisadegrass Ensiled with Energetic Brans

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第7期5卷 942-954页

作者： Rozana Castro Perim Kátia Aparecida de Pinho Costa Patrícia Soares Epifanio Wender Ferreira de Souza Ricardo Francischini Daniel Augusto Alves Teixeira Walkíria Guimar?es Carvalho divino Rosa dos Santos Jr. Goiano Federal Institute Rio VerdeBrazil Federal University of Bahia SalvadorBrazil University of rio Verde Rio VerdeBrazil

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the fermentative and bromatological characteristics of Piata palisadegrass that was ensiled with energetic brans and to assess the costs of different additive levels. This experiment was conducted at the Goiano Federal Institute on the rio Verde campus in Goiás State, Brazil. The experimental design was entirely random with four replications in a 4 × 5 factorial scheme that included four energetic brans (millet, maize, sorghum and wheat) and five levels (0%, 8%, 16%, 24% and 32%). The energetic brans can be considered as a good source of additives for Piata palisadegrass ensiling, which improves the qualitative and nutritional fermentative characteristics of the silage. The maize and wheat brans were the most efficient for improving the fermentative characteristics of the silage. However, millet bran was the most efficient for improving the bromatological characteristics. In addition, the wheat bran had the greatest influence on the final production cost and the sorghum and millet brans were the most economically feasible. Overall, the addition of 24% bran is recommended due to its beneficial impact on silage quality and the average final production cost of the silage.

关键词： Organic Acids Brachiaria brizantha Ensiling Nutritive Value

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The Role of CD4+ and CD8+ T-Cells during Angiostrongylus vasorum Infection in Dogs

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2014年第5期4卷 285-290页

作者： Thales Augusto Barcante Lis Ribeiro do Valle Antonelli Kenneth Gollob Thiago Pasqua Narciso silvio divino de Oliveira Junior Vitor Marcio Ribeiro Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara Ana Paula Peconick Debora Negrao-Correa Walter dos Santos Lima Joziana Muniz de Paiva Barcante Laboratorio de Biologia Parasitaria(BIOPAR) Departamento de Medicina VeterinariaSetor PreventivaUniversidade Federal de Lavras(UFLA)LavrasBrazil Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil Programa de Pos-graduacao em Ciencias Veterinarias Departamento de Medicina VeterinariaUniversidade Federal de Lavras(UFLA)LavrasBrazil

A determinant factor in the pathology of canine angiostrongylosis seems to be related to the location of the parasite in the definitive host. Their presence inside the arteries and its branches, promoting mechanical and metabolic action on the wall of the vessels, may alter its homeostasis. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a procedure that retrieves cells and other elements from de lungs for evaluation, and helps in the diagnosis of many pulmonary diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate CD4+/CD8+ lymphocyte profile during the infection by Angiostrongylus vasorum, using cells retrieved using BAL. The identification of subpopulations of T lymphocytes by evaluating the co-expression of CD4 and CD8 receptor proteins has shown that despite the increase in both populations, there was a predominance of CD4+ T-cells, instead of CD8+ T-cells. These increases of CD4+ T-cells associated with the increase of the ratio between CD4+/CD8+ suggest polarization of a Th2 response. However, the immune cells, signaling factors, and cytokines that mediate such immunity and how and where they act within the body remain largely undefined during angiostrongylosis.

关键词： Citometria Angiostrongyliasis Brochoalveolar Lavage

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Laparoscopic surgery in pregnancy

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World Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2016年第2期5卷 175-181页

作者： Philip E George Chaya Shwaartz Celia M divino Division of General Surgery Department of Surgery Icahn School of Medicine the Mount Sinai Medical Center New York NY 10029 United States

Each year, roughly 2% of pregnant women will undergo non-obstetrical abdominal surgery. Appendicitis, symptomatic cholelithiasis and adnexal masses are some of the common diagnoses encountered. Pregnancy poses challenges in the diagnosis and surgical management of these conditions for several reasons. Since the 1990's, laparoscopic surgery has gained popularity and in the past few years has become the standard of care for pregnant women with surgical pathologies. The advantages of laparoscopic surgery include shorter hospital stay, lower rates of wound infection, and decreased time to bowel function. This brief review discusses key points in laparoscopic surgery during pregnancy and highlights studies comparing laparoscopic and open approaches in common surgical conditions during pregnancy.

关键词：孕妇妇科手术治疗方法临床分析

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