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Evidence of a conservative gait strategy in athletes with a history of concussions

j.urnal of Sport and Health Science 2016年第4期5卷 417-423页

作者： Thomas A.Buckley Srikant Vallabhaj.sula j.ssie R.Oldham Barry A.Munkasy Kelsey M.Evans David A.Krazeise Caroline j.Ketcham Eric E.Hall Department of Kinesiology and Applied physiology University of Delaware Department of physical Therapy Education Elon University Department of Health and Kinesiology Georgia Southern University Department of Intercollegiate Athletics Stetson University Department of Exercise Science Elon University

Background：A history of 3 or more concussions is frequently associated with numerous short-and long-term *** in postural control are a known acute consequence of concussion;however,limited evidence exists on the effects of multiple concussions on *** purpose of this study was to assess gait stepping characteristics in collegiate aged student-athletes based on concussion ***：There were 63 participants divided into 3 even groups based on concussion history：≥3 concussions,1–2 concussions,and 0 *** participants completed 10 trials of gait on a 4.9 m instrumented *** dependent variables of interest included both gait stepping characteristics（step velocity,length,and width,double support time,and the percentage of the gait cycle in stance） and coefficien of variability（CoV） measures（step length,time,and width）.The gait stepping characteristics were compared firs with a MANOVA with follow-up 1-way ANOVAs and Tukey post hoc tests as *** Co V measures were compared with 1-way ANOVAs and Tukey post hoc ***：There were main effects for group for step velocity,length,width,and double support ***,the 0 concussion group displayed typical healthy young gait parameters and performed significant y better than either concussion *** 0 concussion group had a significant y greater step length Co V,but there were no differences in the step time or width Co ***：This findin provides evidence of subtle impairments in postural control during gait among individuals with prior history of concussion which could be an early indicator of future neurological deficiencies The limited difference in the variability measures is consistent with prior static stance studies and could suggest the individuals constrain their motor systems to reduce *** together,these findi gs suggest a conservative gait strategy which is adopted by individuals with a history of concussions.

关键词： Balance Brain inj.ry Gait performance Locomotion Mild traumatic postural control postural stability Variability

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postnatal germ cell development in cryptorchid boys

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Asian j.urnal of Andrology 2020年第3期22卷 258-264页

作者： Li-Hua Dong Simone HildorF Erik Clasen-Linde Kolj. Kvist Dina Cortes j.rgen Thorup Claus Yding Andersen Laboratory of Reproductive Biology Copen hagen University Hospital RigshospitaletCopenhage n 2100Den mark Faculty of Health and Medical Scie nces University of CopenhagenCopenhagen 2200Denmark Department of pathology Copenhagen University Hospital RigshospitaletCopenhagen 2100Denmark Department of pediatric Surgery Copenhagen University Hospital RigshospitaletCopenhagen 2100Denmark Department of pediatrics Copenhagen University Hospital HvidovreCopenhagen 2650Denmark.

Cryptorchidism is associated with infertility in *** orchiopexy is suggested to reduce the *** is lacking on the potential link between infant germ cell maturation and the risk of future *** obj.ctive of the study was to evaluate age-related germ cell development in *** for markers of germ cell development(octamerbinding transcription factor 3/4[0CT3/4],placental alkaline phosphatase[pLAp],KIT proto-oncogene[C-KIT],podoplanin[D2-40],Lin-28 homolog A[LIN28],and G antigen 7[GAGE-7])was performed in testicular biopsies from 40 cryptorchid boys aged 4-35 mon *** cell nu mbers and distributi ons were evaluated in cross sectio ns of semi niferous tubules,with and without immuno staini ***3/4,D2-40,and LIN 28 were gen erally expressed in the early stages of germ cell development,as show n by positive expression in germ cells in the central region of seminiferous tubules・In contrast,pLAp and GAGE-7 were expressed in both central and peripheral parts of the tubules in the early stages of development and expressed mainly in a peripheral position with advancing *** cell maturation was delayed in this study population as compared with that observed in our previous study on germ cell markers in a healthy *** number of GAGE-7-positive germ cells per tubular cross section obtained by immunostaining was significantly higher than that obtained by standard hematoxylin and eosin *** immunostaining revealed heterogeneity in germ cell development in cryptorchid *** results shed light on the pathophysiology of germ cell development in boys with cryptorchidism.

关键词： cryptorchidism germ cells immunostaining male fertility preservation reproductive index testis

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高性能1024单元开关电容p沟道绝缘栅场效应晶体管存储器芯片的设计

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计算机研究与发展 1974年第6期 30-38页

作者： H.j.Boll william T.Lynch 沈沧海

本文介绍由绝缘栅场效应晶体管（IGFET）开关电容存储单元组成一个全动态译码、1024字×1位的p沟道随机存储器。采用10伏的驱动电路,测得芯片取数时间为150 ns,周期时间为300ns。当周期为300ns时测得通导芯片的功耗低于80毫瓦（80微瓦/... 详细信息

本文介绍由绝缘栅场效应晶体管（IGFET）开关电容存储单元组成一个全动态译码、1024字×1位的p沟道随机存储器。采用10伏的驱动电路,测得芯片取数时间为150 ns,周期时间为300ns。当周期为300ns时测得通导芯片的功耗低于80毫瓦（80微瓦/单元）,而在较低速度时其功耗更小。它在100℃时恢复功率低于1微瓦/单元。在准平衡设计中,两个16行×32列存储单元矩阵由选通触发器的电荷敏感器及读写电路所膈离。存取一个矩阵中的一行单元及采用另一不工作的矩阵去平衡共式信号并允许通导芯片可靠鉴别存储电荷。到敏感器的标称输入信号估计为±2V。可以快速关闭且也考虑到单元电荷的变化和触发器阀值的不平衡。平衡读写电路可从芯片取出读出信号进行差动鉴别。译码电路使用单线二进制地址输入使通导芯片的动态地址反向。制造工艺采用具有离子注入源、漏和沟道夹断的p沟道自对准栅。采用两层钨金属化系统,它具有磷玻璃和氮化硅及非电镀金梁式引线。设计和加工结果得到了小单元面积（用10微米的设计规则,面积低于5密耳2）,每单元仅半个结点,由于第二层金属清晰度仅用四道光刻步骤就可得到高成品率,阀值电压的相对不灵敏性变化为±（1/2）伏,以及取数和周期时间短,工作压降低（10伏）及功耗低。该存储器芯片已完成了设计、制造和测试。其芯片由1024个开关电容存储单元组成,与取数电路有关的包括有地址译码、选通触发器鉴别恢复及读写电路。设计的主要目的在于高速、低功耗、宽工作容限和制造方便。为满足这些目的而采用了准平衡设计、动态译码电路和相当大的光刻容差。

关键词：译码电路敏感器解码电路传感器仪表组合单元存储单元存储器芯片开关电容地址线沟道触发器读写电路存储阵列通导

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心肌细胞NAD(p)H荧光成分分析法监测心脏移植排斥反应

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中国胸心血管外科临床杂志 2009年第6期16卷 459-465页

作者：程颖任明明 poirier N Miró j.Dahdah N Chorvatova A 北京大学深圳医院心血管外科广东深圳518036 蒙特利尔大学儿科学部医学中心圣-贾斯汀医院研究中心蒙特利尔大学圣-贾斯汀医院心脏中心

目的为早期诊断和有效预防心脏移植排斥反应,研究在细胞水平用心肌NAD(p)H荧光成分分析监测排斥反应的可行性。方法用NAD(p)H荧光标记监测线粒体功能,从14例儿童心脏移植患者心内膜活检组织中分离活体心肌细胞和大鼠(n=5,13～14周龄)心... 详细信息

目的为早期诊断和有效预防心脏移植排斥反应,研究在细胞水平用心肌NAD(p)H荧光成分分析监测排斥反应的可行性。方法用NAD(p)H荧光标记监测线粒体功能,从14例儿童心脏移植患者心内膜活检组织中分离活体心肌细胞和大鼠(n=5,13～14周龄)心肌细胞,光谱分辨的时间相关单光子计数(TCSpC)记录375nm紫外激光激发的心肌自发荧光(AF)光谱和荧光寿命。将鼠心肌细胞分为4组,无缺氧对照组,无缺氧鱼藤酮组,缺血对照组和缺血鱼藤酮组;对比无排斥反应(R0)人心肌细胞,无缺氧鼠细胞和缺血鼠细胞间,R0人心肌细胞和轻度排斥反应(R1)间的AF动力学变化。结果成功分离并测定了人心肌细胞AF光谱,在420～560nm光谱区域,至少存在0.5～0.7ns,1.9～2.4ns和9.0～15.0ns3个AF寿命池。与无缺氧对照组比较,缺血对照组鼠心肌细胞荧光强度明显增强(pp>0.05)。R0组人心肌细胞AF强度显著弱于无缺氧对照组鼠心肌细胞(pp<0.05),但光谱形态无改变,与缺血对照组鼠心肌细胞光谱改变一致。结论光谱分辨的荧光光谱结合荧光寿命分析是监测心肌线粒体氧化代谢的敏感方法,有良好的重复性。人心肌AF表现出较高的代谢活性,排斥反应时活性降低。该技术结合多光子共聚焦显微镜,可直接在体评估线粒体功能,是监测早期排斥反应的新方法。

关键词： NAD(p)H,自发荧光光谱分辨的荧光寿命心脏移植排斥反应

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代谢综合征与双亲早发心血管疾病史之间的关系

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2006年第8期2卷 26-26页

作者： Dallongeville j. Grupposo M. - C. Cottel D. 王睿(译) 马超(校) InsERM U508 Institut Pasteur de Lille 1 rue du Pr Calmette 59019 Lille Cedex France 不详

Aims: The goal of this study is to assess the association between the metabolic syndrome(MS) and parental history of cardiovascular disease(CVD). Methods and results: participants were recruited in a population survey of 3441 men and women, aged 35-64. MS was defined with NCEp-III guidelines. Familial history of myocardial infarction(MI), angina, and stroke was assessed with a standardized questionnaire. parental premature CVD was defined if CVD occurred before 55/65 years in the father/mother. A total of 390 men and 281 women had MS. positive parental CVD was associated with MS in women(43.0 vs. 36.8% , pp=0.06). Similarly, parental premature CVD was associated with MS in women(19.2 vs. 11.8% , pns). In women with MS, the age, centre, and educational level adj.sted odds ratios [OR(95% CI)] of having a positive parental premature stroke was 1.84(1.0-3.38), p=0.049. This OR was 1.76(1.23-2.76), p=0.007 for combined parental premature MI and stroke and 1.67(1.17-2.38), p=0.004 for combined premature MI, stroke, and angina. After further adj.stment on personal coronary heart disease and CVD risk factors, the ORs of having a positive parental history of combined premature MI and stroke [1.75(1.11-2.76), p=0.016] or MI, stroke, and angina [1.79(1.21-2.63), p=0.003], remained statistically significant, in women with MS. Conclusion: The MS is associated with parental premature CVD independently of classical CV risk factors, suggesting that MS is a contributor to the familial aggregation of premature CVD.

关键词：代谢综合征心血管疾病疾病史双亲危险因素脑卒中受试者心绞痛

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核纤层蛋白A/C基因突变致肌营养不良、心肌病和部分脂代谢异常患者纤维母细胞核膜改变

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第2期1卷 52-52页

作者： Muchir A. Medioni j. Laluc M. G. Bonne 邓剑平 IN SERM U582 Institut de Myologie GH Pitie Salpetriere 47 boulevard de l’H.opital Paris 75013 France Dr.

Mutations in LMNA, the gene that encodes nuclear lamins A and C, cause up to e ight different diseases collectively referred to as “laminopathies. ”These dis eases affect striated muscle, adipose tissue, peripheral nerve, and bone, or cau se features of premature aging. We investigated the consequences of LMNA mutatio ns on nuclear architecture in skin fibroblasts from 13 patients with different l aminopathies. Western blotting showed that none of the mutations examined led t o a decrease in cellular levels of lamin A or C. Regardless of the disease, we o bserved honeycomb nuclear structures and nuclear envelope blebs in cells examine d by immunofluorescence microscopy. Concentrated foci of lamin A/C in the nucleo plasm were also observed. Only mutations in the head and tail domains of lamins A and C significantly altered the nuclear architecture of patient fibroblasts. T hese results confirm that mutations in lamins A and C may lead to a weakening of a structural support network in the nuclear envelope in fibroblasts and that nu clear architecture changes depend upon the location of the mutation in different domains of lamin A/C.

关键词：核纤层蛋白 C基因心肌病脂代谢异常肌营养不良纤维母细胞脂肪组织早老症结构域小泡

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采用Zyoptix3.1系统的波前导LASIK术对近视及复合近视性散光矫正的1年随访研究:临床预后及高阶像差的改变

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（眼科学分册） 2005年第3期1卷 60-60页

作者： Kohnen T. Bühren j. Kühne C. Mirshahi A. 张少娟

To assess safety, efficacy, predictability, stability, and change in aberratio ns after wavefront-guided LASIK for myopia and myopic astigmatism. prospective, nonrandomized, self-controlled trial. Wavefront-guided LASIK was performed in 97 eyes in a 1-year trial. Treated eyes had a mean subj.ctive manifest spheric al equivalent (SE) of -5.22±2.07 diopters (D), with a range of -0.25 to -9.0 0 D of myopia and 0 to -3.25 D of astigmatism. After a microkeratome cut, a wav efront-based excimer ablation (Zyoptix 3.1) was performed. The full treatment t o achieve emmetropia of an early nomogram provided by the system manufacturer wa s used in all procedures. Safety, efficacy, predictability, and stability were e valuated at 1, 3, and 12 months postoperatively. Wavefront changes of higher ord er aberrations (HOAs) at 1 year were determined for pupil sizes of 3.5 and 6 mm. At 1 year postoperatively, uncorrected visual acuity (VA) was 20/20 or better i n 83%of the eyes, and 20/40 or better in 98%. The mean subj.ctive manifest SE at 1 year was -0.25±0.43 D; it was within 0.50 D in 77%and within 1.0 D in 95 %. No eye lost pectacle corrected VA (BSCVA) at 1 year post operatively; 40 eyes gained 1 line of BSCVA, and 5 eyes gained 2 lines. The tota l HOA root meansquare (RMS) increased on average by a factor of 1.23±0.57 with a 3.5-mm pupil; for the 6 mm pupil, the increase factor was 1.52±0.36. No chan ge or reduction in the total HOA RMS was observed in 45.5%of the eyes for a 3.5 -mm pupil and in 20.6%for a 6-mm pupil. There was a significant increase of p rimary spherical aberration (Z 4,0) by a factor of 4.11±10.17 for 3.5-mm pupil s and 4.31±6.76 for 6-mm pupils. Wavefront-guided LASIK using Zyoptix 3.1 is an effective and safe procedure for the treatment of myopia and myopic astigmati sm. Although in close to half of the eyes HOAs could be reduced, there was still undercorrection and induction of HOAs with the algorithm employed.

关键词：近视性散光 LASIK术 Zyoptix3.1 高阶像差随访研究未矫正视力瞳孔大小波前手术系统正视眼

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pancreas transplantation: The Wake Forest experience in the new millennium

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World j.urnal of Diabetes 2014年第6期5卷 951-961页

作者： j.ffrey Rogers Alan C Farney Giuseppe Orlando Samy S Iskandar William Doares Michael D Gautreaux Scott Kaczmorski Amber Reeves-Daniel Amudha palanisamy Robert j.Stratta Department of General Surgery Wake Forest Baptist Medical CenterWinston Salem Department of pathology Wake Forest Baptist Medical CenterWinston-Salem Department of pharmacy Wake Forest Baptist Medical CenterWinston-Salem Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) Wake Forest Baptist Medical CenterWinston-Salem

AIM: To investigate the Wake Forest experience with pancreas transplantation in the new millennium with attention to surgical techniques and immunosuppression. METHODS: A monocentric, retrospective review of outcomes in simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplant(SKpT) and solitary pancreas transplant(SpT) recipients was performed. All patients underwent pancreas transplantation as intent-to-treat with portal venous and enteric exocrine drainage and received depleting antibody induction; maintenance therapy included tapered steroids or early steroid elimination with my-cophenolate and tacrolimus. Recipient selection was based on clinical j.dgment whether or not the patient exhibited measureable levels of C-peptide. RESULTS: Over an 11.25 year period, 202 pancreas transplants were performed in 192 patients including 162 SKpTs and 40 SpTs. A total of 186(92%) were primary and 16(8%) pancreas retransplants; portalenteric drainage was performed in 179 cases. A total of 39 pancreas transplants were performed in African American(AA) patients; of the 162 SKpTs, 30 were performed in patients with pretransplant C-peptide levels > 2.0 ng/m L. In addition, from 2005-2008, 46 SKpT patients were enrolled in a prospective study of single dose alemtuzumab vs 3-5 doses of rabbit antithymocyte globulin induction therapy. With a mean follow-up of 5.7 in SKpT vs 7.7 years in SpT recipients, overall patient(86% SKpT vs 87% SpT) and kidney(74% SKpT vs 80% SpT) graft survival rates as well as insulin-free rates(both 65%) were similar(p = ns). Although mortality rates were nearly identical in SKpT compared to SpT recipients, patterns and timing of death were different as no early mortality occurred in SpT recipients whereas the rates of mortality following SKpT were 4%, 9% and 12%, at 1-, 3- and 5-years follow-up, respectively(p primary cause of graft loss in SKpT recipients was death with a functioning graft whereas the maj.r cause of graft loss following SpT was acute and

关键词： Alemtuzumab Mycophenolate mofetil pancreas transplantation portal-enteric Rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin Simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation Solitary pancreas transplantation Steroid elimination Surveillance biopsy Tacrolimus

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动态微程序设计:处理机结构和程序设计

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计算机工程与应用 1980年第10期 28-39+18页

作者： Allen B.Tucker ,Micnael j.Flynn ,赵云彪

一个小的（4k64位字）读-写“微”存贮器为动态微程序设计处理机的特征。该存贮器的存取时间类似于机器周期（50—100ns）。这个微存贮器用来保存数据和子程序。

关键词：微指令操作码符号表示法字段顺序控制地址寄存器处理机存贮器存储器

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实验室高增益惯性约束聚变的进展与未来的展望

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国外激光 1989年第4期 1-17页

作者： E.Storm j.D.Lindl 尤南昌盛国平范品忠劳伦斯·里弗莫尔国家实验室

自七十年代初期以来,惯性约束聚变就是一个富有成效的实验课题。它是在装有数毫克氚氚燃料的小丸里进行的热核反应。目前高增益惯性约束聚变刚到达实用大门。利用实验室微聚变设施(LMF),这些应用将对国防、基础科学和应用科学以及动力... 详细信息

自七十年代初期以来,惯性约束聚变就是一个富有成效的实验课题。它是在装有数毫克氚氚燃料的小丸里进行的热核反应。目前高增益惯性约束聚变刚到达实用大门。利用实验室微聚变设施(LMF),这些应用将对国防、基础科学和应用科学以及动力生产具有重大意义。利用能在10ns脉冲内释放约10Mj.量,强度约3×10^(14)W/cm^2的驱动器,可将适当形状低温小丸的密度压缩到约200g/cm^3。温度达到3～5KeV。在这些条件下可点燃近10mg氘氚,燃烧效率约30%,释放近1000Mj.变能量,能量增益约为100。1000Mj.约相当于1/4吨TNT或7加仑油。这一能量可在实验室条件下控制,对许多应用可能非常有用。对国防计划,这种实验室聚变能力也很有价值,它可帮助维持美国核防御的研究开发能力,还可评价核易损性和强化问题。尽管这些领域已从当前的惯性约束聚变能力得益,但惯性受控聚变的潜力只有在实验室得到高增益时才能充分发挥。在这样高产额的环境里产生的显著体积的能量密度和显著面积上的辐射通量将比任何其他实验室源可能提供的高千万倍。如果同意进一步限制地下核试验,特别是在全面禁试的情况下,这种能力更是必不可少,它可在国家实验室保持我们从事核防御的专家队伍。在民用方面,实验室获得的高增益可演示建造惯性受控聚变反应堆产生能量和其他应用的可行性,并可为极端条件下的物质研究提供独特的方法。就产生能量而言,每秒几次释放1000Mj.并将其进行热转换,可提供一个1000MW发电厂所需的能量。从长远看,惯性受控聚变反应堆在裂变燃料和同位素生产、空间推进和太空动力的产生上均具有潜在优点。高增益惯性约束聚变一直存在以下问题:能否制备适当结构的燃料靶丸,能否产生充分均匀的压力脉冲,以获得必需的高压缩所需的30～40倍径向压缩;是否完全了解驱动器/靶相互作用的物理过程、流体动力学和作为我们模型基础的氘氚燃烧的物理过程。最近的结果,尤其是劳伦斯·里弗莫尔国家实验室用诺瓦激光器和Halite/Centurion保密计划得到的结果,使我们深信从10Mj.动器产生高增益(接近100)的目标确可达到。实验结果,例如诺瓦上大于30倍的向心爆聚,其性能接近球形(1-D)爆聚的计算值。靶丸材料研究与开发方面的进步以及理论认识和预示,使能源部和美国惯性约束聚变界确信,进行下一步计划的时间已经到来——建造实验室微聚变装置。

关键词：原子核惯性约束聚变实验室

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