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Detection of a reassortant swine H1N2 influenza A virus from pigs in Hong Kong

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 343-346页

作者： Guoqian Gu Congnuan Liu Song Hao Lee Lewis Sze Chun Choi Michael t.Wilson dirk U.Pfeiffer Yun Young Go Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life SciencesCity University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Center for Applied One Health Research and Policy Advice Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life SciencesCity University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina College of Veterinary Medicine Konkuk UniversitySeoul143-701Republic of Korea

Dear Editor,Influenza A viruses(IAVs)are responsible for significant respiratory illnesses in humans and a broad range of animal *** outbreaks and the rapid spread of genetically and antigenically distinct IAVs represent a considerable challenge for swine *** are susceptible to avian and human IAV infections and are considered“mixing vessels”where human,avian,and swine IAVs can recombine and generate novel reassortant influenza viruses with pandemic potential(Vincent et al.,2014).

关键词： swine influenza mixing

Knock-out of BnHva22c reduces the susceptibility of Brassica napus to infection with the fungal pathogen Verticillium longisporum

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the Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 503-514页

作者： Wanzhi Ye Roxana Hossain Michael Prbsting Abdallah Abdelmegid Mohamed Ali Lingyue Han Ying Miao Steffen Rietz Daguang Cai dirk Schenke Department of Molecular Phytopathology and Biotechnology Institute of PhytopathologyChristian-Albrechts-University of KielKielGermany Institut für Zuckerrübenforschung GöttingenGermany Plant Pathology Department Faculty of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesAswan UniversityAswanEgypt Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology College of Life SciencesFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Hohenlieth-Hof NPZ Innovation GmbHHoltseeGermany

Verticillium longisporum(Vl43)is a soilborne hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen causing stem striping on oilseed rape(OSR)and severe yield *** for resistant varieties is the most promising approach to control this ***,we report the identification of Hva22c as a novel susceptibility factor and its potential for improving OSR ***22c is a member of the Hva22 gene family,originally described for barley(Hordeum vulgare).Several Hva22 members have been located at the endoplasmic ***22c is up-regulated in response to Vl43 in both Arabidopsis and *** demonstrate that knock-out of Hva22c in OSR by CRISPR/Cas9 and its homolog in Arabidopsis by t-DNA insertion reduced plants’susceptibility to Vl43 infection and impaired the development of disease *** understand the underlying mechanism,we analysed transcriptomic data from infected and non-infected roots of hva22c knock-out and wild type *** identified a homozygous mutant with frame-shifts in all four BnHva22c loci displaying a vastly altered transcriptional landscape at 6 ***,a large set of genes was suppressed under mock conditions including genes related to the endomembrane *** the up-regulated genes we found several defense-related and phytohormone-responsive genes when comparing mutant to the wild *** results demonstrate that Hva22c is functionally required for a fully compatible plant-fungus *** loss of function reduces plant susceptibility,most likely due to endoplasmatic reticulum and Golgi dysfunction accompanied by additionally activated defense *** findings can help improve OSR resistance to *** infection.

关键词： Hva22c Susceptibility factor CRISPR/Cas9 Brassica napus Arabidopsis Verticillium longisporum Resistance breeding

Better understanding of c-reactive protein and leukocytes in psychiatric inpatients with affective disorders:A biopsychosocial approach

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第19期12卷 3824-3836页

作者： Felix Kölblinger Elena MD Schönthaler Andreas Baranyi tatjana Stross Frederike t Fellendorf dirk von Lewinski Robert Queissner Eva Z Reininghaus Nina Dalkner Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine Medical University of GrazGraz 8036Austria Clinical Department of Cardiology Medical University of GrazGraz 8036Austria

BACKGROUND Affective disorders(AD)have been linked to inflammatory processes,although the underlying mechanisms of this relationship are still not fully *** is hypothesized that demographic,somatic,lifestyle,and personality variables predict inflammatory parameters in *** to identify biopsychosocial factors contributing to inflammation in AD measured with two parameters,C-reactive protein(CRP)and *** this observational study investigated 186 hospital inpatients diagnosed with AD using demographic parameters,serum inflammatory markers,somatic variables,psychological questionnaires,and lifestyle *** regression analyses were used to predict inflammatory markers from demographic,somatic,lifestyle,and personality *** Analyses showed that 33.8%of the variance of CRP was explained by body mass index and other somatic medication(***-diabetics),age and education,and age of affective disorder *** leukocytes,20.1%of the variance was explained by smoking,diet,metabolic syndrome(MetS),and anti-inflammatory medication(***-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs).Other psychiatric or behavioural variables did not reach *** Metabolic components seem important,with mounting evidence for a metabolic affective disorder *** modifications and psychoeducation should be employed to prevent or treat MetS in AD.

关键词： Affective disorders C-reactive protein Leukocytes Metabolic syndrome Health behaviour Personality

mmunological functions of liver sinusoida endothelial cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第3期13卷 347-353页

作者： Percy A Knolle dirk Wohlleber Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology Klinikum Munchen rechts der Isar Technische Universitat Munchen Munchen 81675 Germany Institute of Experimental Immunology Universitatsklinikum Bonn Universitat Bonn Bonn Germany

Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells （LSECs） line the liver sinusoids and separate passenger leukocytes in the sinusoidal lumen from hepatocytes. LSECs further act as a platform for adhesion of various liver-resident immune cell populations such as Kupffer cells, innate lymphoid cells or liver dendritic cells. In addition to having an extraordinary scavenger function, LSECs possess potent immune functions, serving as sentinel cells to detect microbial infection through pattern recognition receptor activation and as antigen （cross）-presenting cells. LSECs cross-prime naive CD8 t cells, causing their rapid differentiation into memory t cells that relocate to secondary lymphoid tissues and provide protection when they re-encounter the antigen during microbial infection. Cross-presentation of viral antigens by LSECs derived from infected hepatocytes triggers local activation of effector CD8 t cells and thereby assures hepatic immune surveillance. the immune function of LSECs complements conventional immune-activating mechanisms to accommodate optimal immune surveillance against infectious microorganisms while preserving the integrity of the liver as a metabolic organ.

关键词： CD8 t cells cross-presentation liver LSEC

Nanotribological studies using nanoparticle manipulation: Principles and application to structural lubricity

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Friction 2014年第2期2卷 114-139页

作者： dirk DIEtZEL Udo DSCHWARZ AndréSCHIRMEISEN Institute of Applied Physics(IAP) Justus-Liebig-Universität GiessenGermany Departments of Mechanical Engineering&Materials Science and Chemical&Environmental Engineering and Center for Research on Structures and Phenomena(CRISP) Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA

the term“structural lubricity”denotes a fundamental concept where the friction between two atomically flat surfaces is reduced due to lattice mismatch at the *** favorable circumstances,its effect may cause a contact to experience ultra-low friction,which is why it is also referred to as“superlubricity”.While the basic principle is intriguingly simple,the experimental analysis of structural lubricity has been *** of the main reasons for this predicament is that the tool most frequently used in nanotribology,the friction force microscope,is not well suited to analyse the friction of extended *** overcome this deficiency,substantial efforts have been directed in recent years towards establishing nanoparticle manipulation techniques,where the friction of nanoparticles sliding on a substrate is measured,as an alternative approach to nanotribological *** choosing appropriate nanoparticles and substrates,interfaces exhibiting the characteristics needed for the occurrence of structural lubricity can be *** a consequence,nanoparticle manipulation experiments such as in this review represent a unique opportunity to study the physical conditions and processes necessary to establish structural lubricity,thereby opening a path to exploit this effect in technological applications.

关键词： Nanotribology nanoparticle manipulation friction force microscopy structural lubricity superlubricity HOPG

A Comparative Study of the Local Heat transfer Distributions Around Various Surface Mounted Obstacles

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Journal of thermal Science 2014年第2期23卷 169-176页

作者： Robert Wyssmann dirk Ullmer Alexandros terzis Peter Ott Group of thermal turbomachinery(Gtt) cole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)SCI-STI-POCH-1015LausanneSwitzerland

In many engineering applications,heat transfer enhancement techniques are of vital importance in order to ensure reliable thermal designs of convective heat transfer *** study examines experimentally the heat transfer characteristics on the base plate around various surface mounted *** convection coefficients are evaluated in the vicinity of each individual protruding body with great spatial resolution using the transient liquid crystal *** different obstacles of constant height-to-hydraulic diameter ratio(~1.3) are *** include:a cylinder,a square,a triangle,a diamond and a vortex generator of delta wing shape *** experiments were carried out over a range of freestream Reynolds numbers,based on the hydraulic diameter of each obstacle,varying from 4,000 to 13,*** results indicate a negligible effect of the flow speed on the heat transfer topological structure and a considerable effect of the obstacle geometry on the level and distribution of heat transfer enhancement.

关键词： surface obstacles heat transfer enhancement transient liquid crystal technique

Atomistic simulation of tension deformation behavior in magnesium single crystal

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2010年第5期23卷 370-380页

作者： Yafang GUO Yuesheng WANG Honggang QI dirk StEGLICH Institute of Engineering Mechanics Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China GKSS Research Centre Institute of Materials Research Materials Mechanics D-21502 Geesthacht Germany Graduate Institute of Ferrous technology Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang Gyeongbuk 790-784 Korea

the deformation behavior in magnesium single crystal under c-axis tension is investigated in a temperature range between 250 K and 570 K by molecular dynamics simulations. At a low temperature, twinning and shear bands are found to be the main deformation mechanisms. In particular, the {102} tension twins with the reorientation angle of about 90 °are observed in the simulations. the mechanisms of {102} twinning are illustrated by the simulated motion of atoms. Moreover, grain nucleation and growth are found to be accompanied with the {102} twinning. At temperatures above 450 K, the twin frequency decreases with increasing temperature. the {102} extension twin almost disappears at the temperature of 570 K. the non-basal slip plays an important role on the tensile deformation in magnesium single crystal at high temperatures.

关键词： Atomistic simulations Magnesium twinning c-axis tension

Plant genetics enters the nano age?

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2018年第6期60卷 446-447页

作者： dirk joldersma zhongchi liu department of cell biology and molecular genetics university of marylandCollege ParkM D 20817USA

Plant transformation has for many years relied on agrobacterium infection or biolistic particle delivery. However, these two methods are limited to model plant systems or a small number of crop species. this commentary highlights recent developments in the nanoparticle-mediated transformation that havethe potential to revolutionize how plants are trans- formed.

关键词： William J. Lucas University of California Davis USA

Diurnal variation in fecal concentrations of acid-detergent insoluble ash and alkaline-peroxide lignin from cattle fed bermudagrass hays of varying nutrient content

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第4期6卷 410-415页

作者： Juvenal Kanani dirk Philipp Kenneth P Coffey Elizabeth B Kegley Charles P West Shane Gadberry John Jennings Ashley N Young Robert t Rhein Division of Agriculture University of Arkansas Department of Plant and Soil Science Texas Tech University

Background： the effect of time of fecal sampling on the accuracy of acid-detergent insoluble ash （ADIA） and alkaline-peroxide lignin （APL） for the prediction of fecal output （FO） in cattle was evaluated. Eight ruminally cannulated cows （594 _＋ 35.5 kg） were allocated randomly to 4 bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon （L.） Pers.] hay diets markedly different in crude protein concentration （79-164 g/kg） with 2 replicates per diet for 3 periods. Cows were offered hay individually at 20 g DM/kg of body weight daily in equal feedings at 08：00 and 16：00 h for a 10-d adaptation period followed by 5-d of total fecal collection. Fecal grab samples also were taken each day during the fecal collection period at 06：00, 12：00, 18：00, and 24：00 h either directly from the rectum or from freshly voided feces. Samples were composited within cow and time across the 5 d total fecal collection period. Additionally, forage, ort, and fecal samples were analyzed for concentrations of APL and ADIA. Results： Fecal concentrations of ADIA and APL were not affected by sampling time （P 〉 0.22）, even though diet affected （P 〈 0.01） fecal ADIA and APL concentrations. there were no diet x sampling time interactions （P ≥ 0.60）. Estimates of FO and dry matter digestibility （DMD） from ADIA and APL were not affected （P 〉 0.16） by sampling time or the diet x sampling time interaction （P 〉 0.74）. Estimates of FO and DMD from markers from different sampling times or all different combinations of sampling time were not different （P 〉 0.72） from those of total collection among internal markers. Conclusion： Little variation in concentrations of ADIA and APL in daily fecal excretion across time increases flexibility in fecal grab sampling schedules for predicting FO and DMD.

关键词： Digestibility Fecal sampling time Internal markers Bermudagrass Cattle