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Origin of CD8^+ Effector and Memory T Cell Subsets

Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2007年第6期4卷 399-405页

作者： Christian Stemberger Michael Neuenhahn Veit R.Buchholz dirk H.Busch Institute for Medical Microbiology Immunology and HygieneTechnical University Munich Clinical Cooperation Group"Antigen-Specific Immunotherapy"and"Immune-Monitoring" Helmholtz Center Munich–Germany ResearchCenter for Environment Health and Technical University MunichGermany

It is well accepted that CD8＋ T cells play a pivotal role in providing protection against infection with intracellular pathogens and some tumors. In many cases protective immunity is maintained for long periods of time （immunological memory）. Over the past years, it has become evident that in order to fulfill these multiple tasks, distinct subsets of effector and memory T cells have to be generated. Until today, however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of subset differentiation and the timing of lineage fate decisions. In this context, it is of special importance to determine at which level of clonal expansion functional and phenotypical heterogeneity is achieved. Different models for T cell subset diversification have been proposed; these differ mainly in the time point during priming and clonal expansion （prior, during, or beyond the first cell division） when differentiation programs are induced. Recently developed single-cell adoptive transfer technology has allowed us to demonstrate that individual precursor cell still bears the full plasticity to develop into a plethora different T cell subsets. This observation targets the shaping of T cell subset differentiation towards factors that are still operative beyond the first cell division. These findings have important implications for vaccine development, as the modulation of differentiation patterns towards distinct subsets could become a powerful strategy to enhance the efficacy and quality of vaccines. Cellular ＆ Molecular Immunology.

关键词： effector T cell memory T cell differentiation

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One hundred marathons in 100 days:Unique biomechanical signature and the evolution of force characteristics and bone density

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第3期11卷 347-357页

作者： Pieter Van den Berghe Bastiaan Breine Ella Haeck dirk De Clercq Department of Movement and Sports Sciences Ghent UniversityGhent 9000Belgium

Background:An extraordinary long-term running performance may benefit from low dynamic loads and a high load-bearing *** extraordinary runner(age=55 years,height=1.81 m,mass=92 kg) scheduled a marathon a day for 100 consecutive *** running biomechanics and bone density were investigated to better understand successful long-term running in the master ***:Overground running gait analysis and bone densitometry were conducted before the marathon-a-day challenge and near its *** case’s running biomechanics were compared pre-challenge to 31 runners who were matched by a similar foot strike ***:The case’s peak vertical loading rate(Δx=-61.9 body weight(BW)/s or-57%),peak vertical ground reaction force(Δx=-0.38 BW or-15%),and peak braking force(Δx=-0.118 BW or-31%) were remarkably lower(p<0.05) than the control group at~3.3 m/*** relatively low loading-related magnitudes were attributed to a remarkably high duty factor(0.41) at the evaluated *** foot strike angle of the marathoner(29.5°) was greater than that of the control group,affecting the peak vertical loading *** powers in the lower extremity were also remarkably low in the case ***:peak power of knee absorption(Δx=-9.16 watt/kg or-48%) and ankle generation(Δx=-3.17 watt/kg or-30%).The bone mineral density increased to 1.245 g/cm;(+2.98%) near completion of the challenge,whereas the force characteristics showed no statistically significant ***:The remarkable pattern of the high-mileage runner may be useful in developing or evaluating load-shifting strategies in distance running.

关键词： Bone Gait analysis Ground reaction force Load Running

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Safe operation of online learning data driven model predictive control of building energy systems

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Energy and AI 2023年第4期14卷 536-549页

作者： Phillip Stoffel Patrick Henkel Martin Ratz Alexander Kumpel dirk Muller RWTH Aachen University E.ON Energy Research CenterInstitute for Energy Efficient Buildings and Indoor ClimateMathieustraße 10Aachen52074Germany

Model predictive control is a promising approach to reduce the CO 2 emissions in the building ***,the vast modeling effort hampers the widescale practical ***,data-driven process models,like artificial neural networks,are well-suited to automatize the ***,the underlying data set strongly determines the quality and reliability of artificial neural *** general,the validity domain of a machine learning model is limited to the data that was used to train *** based on system states outside that domain,so-called extrapolations,are unreliable and can negatively influence the control *** present a safe operation approach combined with online learning to deal with extrapolation in data-driven model predictive ***,the k-nearest neighbor algorithm is used to detect extrapolation to switch to a robust fallback *** continuously retraining the artificial neural networks during operation,we successively increase the validity domain of the artificial neural networks and the control *** apply the approach to control a building energy system provided by the BOPTEST *** compare controllers based on two data sets,one with extensive system excitation and one with baseline *** system is controlled to a fixed temperature set point in baseline ***,the artificial neural networks trained on this data set tend to extrapolate in other operating *** show that safe operation in combination with online learning significantly improves performance.

关键词： Data-driven model predictive control Online learning Novelty detection Artificial neural networks Building energy systems

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Endogenously increased n-3 PUFA levels in fat-1 transgenic mice do not protect from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第5期8卷 447-458页

作者： Marie Liebig dirk Dannenberger Brigitte Vollmar Kerstin Abshagen Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery University Medicine Rostock18057 RostockGermany Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology(FBN)18196 DummerstorfGermany

Background:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the most common chronic liver diseaseworldwide,ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)and *** for the NAFLD epidemic in industrialized countries are the high intake of pro-inflammatory n-6polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-6 PUFAs)and low consumption of healthy n-3 *** to their antiinflammatoryproperties,n-3 PUFAs may have the potential to alleviate chronic liver ***,weexamined the therapeutic effect of increased n-3 PUFA tissue levels in fat-1 transgenic mice on ***:Disease was induced in mice by streptozotocin and high fat diet(STZ/HFD)resulting in *** in 6 and 8 weeks old wild type and fat-1 transgenic STZ/HFD treated mice was *** other mammals,fat-1 transgenic mice ubiquitously express an n-3 fatty acid desaturase,which converts n-6to n-3 PUFAs,leading to increased n-3 and decreased n-6 PUFA tissue ***:Liver damage,NAFLD activity score(NAS),hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation weresignificantly reduced in fat-1 transgenic STZ/HFD treated mice in the early(6 weeks)but not late(8 weeks)phase of ***,mRNA expression of genes involved in fatty acid uptake and storage(Cd36and Plin3,respectively)was significantly down-regulated in 6 week old but not 8 week old fat-1 transgenicSTZ/HFD treated ***:Endogenously elevated n-3 PUFA levels in fat-1 transgenic mice transiently delay the onsetof STZ/HFD induced NASH but failed to efficiently protect from NASH development.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) n-6/n-3 fat-1 steatosis

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Improvement potential of today＇s WEEE recycling performance： The case of LCD TVs in Belgium

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第5期11卷 135-149页

作者： Paul Vanegas Jef R. Peeters dirk Cattrysse Wim Dewulf Joost R. Duflou KU Leuven Department of Mechanical Engineering Centre for Industrial Management BE-3001 Leuven Belgium Faculty of Engineering University of Cuenca Cuenca Azuay 010101 Ecuador

Waste of electrical and electronic equipment （WEEE） constitutes one of the most relevant waste streams because of the quantity and presence of valuable materials. However, there is limited knowledge on the resource potential of urban mining WEEE, as data on material composition, and the efficiency of current recycling treatments are still scarce. In this article, an evaluationof the recycling performance at a national level for one of the fastest growing e-waste streams： LCD TVs is carried out through the following four steps. Firstly, material characterisation is performed by means of sampling of the waste stream. Secondly, a material flow analysis is conducted by evaluating the separation performance of a recycling plant in Belgium..Thirdly, the recovered economic value and avoided environmental impact （EI） of the analysed recycling system is assessed. Finally, the potential of urban mining for Belgium is forecasted. The analysis shows that while recycling performance for ferrous metals and aluminium are relatively high; there is substantial room to better close the material loops for precious metals （PM） and plastics. PMs and plastics account for 66 % of the economic value in LCD TVs and 57% of the El. With the current, commonly applied recycling technology only one-third of the PM and housing plastics are recycled; meaning that for＇these material＇s, at a national level for Belgium, there is a potential for improvement that represents 3.3 million euros in 2016 and 6.8 million euros in 2025.

关键词： Recycling Waste of electrical and electronic equipment(WEEE) Material flow analysis LCD TVs Precious metals Plastics

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Gene expression,transcription factor binding and histone modification predict leaf adaxial-abaxial polarity related genes

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第4期10卷 971-982页

作者： Wei Sun Zhicheng Zhang Guusje Bonnema Xiaowu Wang Aalt dirk Jan van Dijk State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and FlowersChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Sino-Dutch Joint Lab of Vegetable Genomics Beijing 100081China Bioinformatics Group Wageningen University and Research6708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands Plant Breeding Wageningen University and Research6708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands Biosystems Data Analysis Swammerdam Institute for Life SciencesUniversity of Amsterdam1090 GE Amsterdamthe Netherlands

Leaf adaxial-abaxial(ad-abaxial)polarity is crucial for leaf morphology and function,but the genetic machinery governing this process remains *** uncover critical genes involved in leaf ad-abaxial patterning,we applied a combination of in silico prediction using machine learning(ML)and experimental analysis.A Random Forest model was trained using genes known to influence ad-abaxial polarity as ground *** expression data from various tissues and conditions as well as promoter regulation data derived from transcription factor chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing(ChIP-seq)was used as input,enabling the prediction of novel ad-abaxial polarity-related genes and additional transcription *** to this,available and newly-obtained transcriptome data enabled us to identify genes differentially expressed across leaf ad-abaxial *** on these analyses,we obtained a set of 111 novel genes which are involved in leaf ad-abaxial *** explore implications for vegetable crop breeding,we examined the conservation of expression patterns between Arabidopsis and Brassica rapa using single-cell *** results demonstrated the utility of our computational approach for predicting candidate genes in crop *** findings expand the understanding of the genetic networks governing leaf ad-abaxial differentiation in agriculturally important vegetables,enhancing comprehension of natural variation impacting leaf morphology and development,with demonstrable breeding applications.

关键词： Machine learning Leaf polarity Arabidopsis thaliana Brassica rapa Transcription factor

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Unlocking the potential of unlabeled data:Self-supervised machine learning for battery aging diagnosis with real-world field data

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第12期99卷 681-691页

作者： Qiao Wang Min Ye Sehriban Celik Zhongwei Deng Bin Li dirk Uwe Sauer Weihan Li National Engineering Research Center for Highway Maintenance Equipment Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064ShanxiChina Key Laboratory of Road Construction Technology and Equipment of MOE Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064ShanxiChina School of Automobile Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064ShanxiChina Chair for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Systems Institute for Power Electronics and Electrical Drives(ISEA)RWTH Aachen University52074 AachenGermany Center for Ageing Reliability and Lifetime Prediction of Electrochemical and Power Electronics Systems(CARL)RWTH Aachen University52074 AachenGermany Jülich Aachen Research Alliance JARA-Energy52074 AachenGermany Helholtz Institute Münster(HI MS) Forschungszentrum Jülich52425 JülichGermany School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731SichuanChina

Accurate aging diagnosis is crucial for the health and safety management of lithium-ion batteries in electric *** significant advancements achieved by data-driven methods,diagnosis accuracy remains constrained by the high costs of check-up tests and the scarcity of labeled *** paper presents a framework utilizing self-supervised machine learning to harness the potential of unlabeled data for diagnosing battery aging in electric vehicles during field *** validate our method using battery degradation datasets collected over more than two years from twenty real-world electric *** analysis comprehensively addresses cell inconsistencies,physical interpretations,and charging uncertainties in real-world *** is achieved through self-supervised feature extraction using random short charging sequences in the main peak of incremental capacity *** leveraging inexpensive unlabeled data in a self-supervised approach,our method demonstrates improvements in average root mean square errors of 74.54%and 60.50%in the best and worst cases,respectively,compared to the supervised *** work underscores the potential of employing low-cost unlabeled data with self-supervised machine learning for effective battery health and safety management in realworld scenarios.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Aging diagnosis Self-supervised Machine learning Unlabeled data

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University Students＇ Entrepreneurial Intentions： A Comparative Analysis of Hong Kong and Guangzhou

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China & World Economy 2017年第2期25卷 60-84页

作者： Frank Bickenbach dirk Dohse Wan-Hsin Liu Kiel Institute for the World Economy Germany.

Based on original survey data, this paper analyses and compares the role of personal traits and networks in determining entrepreneurial intentions of students in Hong Kong and in Guangzhou. The two cities are culturally closely related but differ strongly with respect to their labor market conditions and the maturity of their legal and business environments. We find that the determinants of students＇entrepreneurial intentions differ substantially between Hong Kong and Guangzhou, with the findings for Hong Kong showing much similarity with previous findings for Western economies. This suggests that differences in labor market prospects and in the maturity of their legal and business environments might be more important than cultural （dis-）similarities in identifying key factors forming students＇ entrepreneurial intentions.

关键词： China entrepreneurial intention Hong Kong personal networks personal traits

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Differential diagnoses and treatment of lipedema

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2020年第3期7卷 1-10页

作者： Maria Wiedner Donia Aghajanzadeh dirk F.Richter Department for Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery Dreifaltigkeitskrankenhaus WesselingWesseling 50389Germany

Lipedema is a frequently unrecognized and misdiagnosed disorder of the fatty tissue of extremities and hips,which affects almost purely *** beginning of the disease usually occurs with hormonal changes,such as puberty,pregnancy,or *** suffer from pain,easy bruising,and disfigurement,which may lead to early immobility and social *** diagnosis and treatment are *** differentiation between obesity and lipedema is difficult,as these two different entities often occur *** differential diagnoses are lymphedema,benign lipohypertrophy,and Dercum's disease.A therapy targeting the underlying cause of lipedema is not available because the exact etiology of the disorder is not clarified *** physical therapy is the basic conservative treatment,which is usually necessary ***,liposuction has led to a paradigm shift in the treatment of *** purposes of this article are to describe the symptoms and treatment options of the still fairly unknown disease Lipedema and to show the distinctions to its differential diagnoses.

关键词： Lipedema lymphedema obesity symmetrical limb enlargement adipositas dolorosa

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Hepatitis E:Still Waters Run Deep

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2018年第1期6卷 40-47页

作者： Moritz von Wulffen dirk Westhölter Marc Lütgehetmann Sven Pischk Department of Medicine I University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany Institute for Medical Microbiology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany Department of Medicine I University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg 20246Germany

Hepatitis E is an infectious inflammatory disease of the liver caused by the hepatitis E virus(HEV),a single-stranded RNA ***,it is estimated that there are more than 20 million HEV infections every year,leading to 3.3 million symptomatic cases and more than 56,000 *** a long time it was believed that HEV was a travel-associated disease,endemic in developing countries with poor hygienic standards and unsafe water ***,over the past years,publications have demonstrated that autochthonous HEV infections in industrialized countries are far more common than previously *** for HEV amongst health care practitioners in industrialized countries is still *** relatively rare disease is of great importance,especially in immunocompromised patients where it can cause chronic liver *** article comprehensively reviews current literature to give an overview on clinically important *** will focus on epidemiological aspects,acute and chronic HEV infection as well as extra-hepatic manifestations,diagnostic approach and treatment ***,the article is concluded with a brief outlook on perspectives and urgent problems to be addressed in the future.

关键词： Hepatitis E Hepatitis E virus(HEV) Ribavirin Transplantation Extra hepatic

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