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Trends of Seroprevalence, Epidemiology and Clinical Presentation of HIV in North India: A Tertiary Care Hospital Based Study

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World Journal of AIDS 2016年第2期6卷 54-58页

作者： Varun Goel dinesh Kumar Vrushali Patwardhan Veena Balooni Shalini singhal Sarman singh Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine Department of Laboratory Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi India

Introduction: HIV infection represents a major public health problem for both developing and developed countries as it has grown to global pandemic. Spectrum of clinical presentation of HIV can greatly vary with geopolitical, socioeconomic and cultural environment. Aims: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence, socio-demographic conditions, clinical presentations, opportunistic infections and the possible associated risk factors for acquiring HIV infection. Materials and Methods: An observational prospective study was conducted from January 2010 to December 2014 at our centre situated in north India. As per the strategy and policy prescribed by NACO, tests were performed on the serum samples. Results: Out of the total 35369 clients tested for HIV infection, 292 were found to be HIV-1 seropositive. Two HIV-2 cases were found among the studied population. The seroprevalence of HIV was found to be 0.83% (294/35369). Mean age of the study group was 30 ± 5.65 (range: 02 - 80) years. Overall positivity rates among attendees were found to be 0.97% (138/14098), 0.96% (35/3610), 0.82% (7/850), 0.78% (22/2810) and 0.65% (92/14001) in the years 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 respectively. Heterosexual route of transmission was the major route of infection in 78.2 % patients. At the time of presentation, it was observed that Tuberculosis (14.9%) was the most common opportunistic infection. Conclusion: The study shows that there is a decreasing trend in the HIV prevalence in North India. However, the number of HIV cases is still significant and suggests the need for focused prevention efforts in high-risk groups.

关键词： AIDS Clinico-Epidemiological Profile Heterosexual HIV Prevalence India

Emergence of taurine as a therapeutic agent for neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 62-68页

作者： Ashok Jangra Priyanka Gola Jiten singh Pooja Gond Swarnabha Ghosh Mahesh Rachamalla Abhijit Dey Danish Iqbal Mehnaz Kamal Punya Sachdeva Saurabh Kumar Jha Shreesh Ojha dinesh Kumar Niraj Kumar Jha Hitesh Chopra Shing Cheng Tan Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Central University of HaryanaMahendergarhHaryanaIndia Department of Biology University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada Department of Life Sciences Presidency UniversityKolkataWest BengalIndia Department of Health Information Management College of Applied Medical SciencesBuraydah Private CollegesBuraydahSaudi Arabia Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry College of PharmacyPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KharjSaudi Arabia GloNeuro Vishwakarma RoadNoidaIndia Department of Biotechnology School of Engineering&Technology(SET)Sharda UniversityGreater NoidaUttar PradeshIndia Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics College of Medicine and Health SciencesUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl AinUnited Arab Emirates School of Bioengineering&Biosciences Lovely Professional UniversityPhagwaraIndia Department of Biotechnology School of Applied&Life Sciences(SALS)Uttaranchal UniversityDehradunIndia Chitkara College of Pharmacy Chitkara UniversityPunjabIndia UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia

Taurine is a sulfur-containing,semi-essential amino acid that occurs naturally in the *** alternates between inflammation and oxidative stress-mediated injury in various disease *** part of its limiting functions,taurine also modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress,Ca^(2+)homeostasis,and neuronal activity at the molecular *** effectively protects against a number of neurological disorders,including stro ke,epilepsy,cerebral ischemia,memory dysfunction,and spinal cord *** various therapies are available,effective management of these disorders remains a global *** 30 million people are affected *** design of taurine fo rmation co uld lead to potential drugs/supplements for the health maintenance and treatment of central nervous system *** general neuroprotective effects of taurine and the various possible underlying mechanisms are discussed in this *** article is a good resource for understanding the general effects of taurine on various *** the strong evidence for the neuropharmacological efficacy of taurine in various experimental paradigms,it is concluded that this molecule should be considered and further investigated as a potential candidate for neurotherapeutics,with emphasis on mechanism and clinical studies to determine efficacy.

关键词： antioxidant epilepsy γ-amino butyric acid neurodegenerative disorders neuroprotection oxidative stress spinal cord injury taurine

Large chest wall fibromatosis with challenging treatment plan

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2017年第1期3卷 139-143页

作者： Rashi Agrawal Prekshi Choudhary Arun Kumar Goel Vaishali Zamre Sandeep Agarwal dinesh singh Department of Radiation Oncology Surgical OncologyMax Super Speciality HospitalVaishaliGhaziabadUttar Pradesh 201012Delhi NCRIndia.

The primary mode of treatment for desmoid tumors is surgical ***,high recurrence rates(39-79%)have been reported when surgery is used *** role of adjuvant radiotherapy after surgical resection of primary disease is controversial and should be based on a balanced discussion of potential morbidity from radiotherapy and local *** this patient,the maximum dimension of tumor was 21 *** is a larger chest wall fibromatosis than has been reported thus far,to the best of our *** this case,post-operative margins were free,but in view of the large initial tumor size and potential morbidity in case of any future locoregional recurrence,post-operative adjuvant external beam radiation was *** image guided intensity modulated radiotherapy technique was chosen to spare adjacent breast and lung parenchyma,and tolerance of these structures was well *** case provides insight into this treatment approach.

关键词： Chest wall fibromatosis recurrence radiotherapy

Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on blood transfusion service:an experience from a regional blood transfusion center

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Blood Science 2023年第3期5卷 209-217页

作者： Sanjay K.Thakur Anil K.Sinha dinesh K.Negi Sompal singh PhD Research Scholar P.G.Department of ZoologyVeer Kunwar Singh UniversityAraBihar 802301India Dean Faculty of Science and Head P.G.Department of Zoology Veer Kunwar Singh UniversityAraBihar 802301India Former CMO In charge Department of RBTCHindu Rao HospitalDelhi 110007India Specialist Pathologist Head Department of Regional Blood Transfusion Centre and Department of PathologyHindu Rao HospitalDelhi 110007India

The unforeseen and uncertain life-threatening situation of the COVID-19 pandemic dramatically affected all areas of the human daily work *** study was designed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on blood transfusion services and discuss the adopted confrontation measures for uninterrupted blood supply during the pandemic *** data on blood donation,blood component preparation,and issue from January 2019 to December 2022 were collected from the inventory registers of the RBTC,Delhi,*** to the non-pandemic year 2019,during the year 2020,all variables decreased *** observed maximum decrease in variables such as blood collection(–79.16%)in the month of October,blood issue(–71.61%)in the month of August,random donor platelets(RDP)preparation(–98.09%)in the month of October,RDP issue(–86.08%)in the month of September,fresh frozen plasma(FFP)preparation(–100%)in the month of October,and FFP issue(–96.08%)in the month of July with an annual decrease of–45.52%,–42.87%,–33.00%,–59.79%,–40.98%,and–54.48%,respectively,as compared to year *** to year 2020,in year 2021,the annual increase in blood collection,blood issue,FFP preparation,FFP issue,RDP preparation,and RDP issue was+50.20%,+21.68%,+65.31%,+78.52%,+116.23%,and+213.30%,*** study results show that the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected blood transfusion services at our blood *** adopted coping strategies to maintain the safe and uninterrupted blood transfusion chain at our blood bank gave us lessons for future preparedness if faced with a similar situation.

关键词： Blood bank inventory Blood components Blood recipients Blood transfusion COVID-19 pandemic

Rapid Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Reishi and Their Antibacterial Activity and Mechanisms

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 51-63页

作者： Akamu J. Ewunkem T’nasia Priester Desia Williams Bailey Ariyon Ilunga Tshimanga Brittany Justice dinesh K. singh Department of Biological Sciences Winston-Salem State University Winston-Salem North Carolina USA

Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field in biomedical engineering with references to efficiency, safety, and cost-effective approaches. Herein, the objective of this study was to examine an innovative approach to rapidly synthesis silver nanoparticles from an aqueous extract of medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (also known as reishi). The structural and dimensional dispersion of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from reishi was confirmed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-Vis) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. Additionally, the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from resihi were used to explore their potential antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus and Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The results from this study revealed that the silver nanoparticles mediated by reishi adopted a spherical shape morphology with sizes, less than 100 nm and revealed strong absorption plasmon band at 440 nm. Furthermore, the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from reishi exhibited antibacterial activity against the tested S. aureus and M. luteus and E. coli and K. pneumoniae by altering their morphology which signifies their biomedical potential.

关键词： Nanotechnology Reishi Nanoparticles Antimicrobial Green Synthesis

Pharmacognostic evaluation of Cayratia trifolia (Linn.)leaf

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第1期2卷 6-10页

作者： dinesh Kumar Jyoti Gupta Sunil Kumar Renu Arya Tarun Kumar Ankit Gupta Division of Pharmacognsoy&Phytochemistry Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesKurukshetra University Guru Gobind singh College of Pharmacy Yamunanagar

Objective:To present a detailed pharmacognostic study of the leaf of Cayratia trifolia(***)Linn.(Vitaceae),an important plant in the Indian system of ***:The macroscopy,microscopy,physiochemical analysis,preliminary testing,fluorescence analysis of powder of the plant and other WHO recommended methods for standardization were ***:Leaves are trifoliolated with petioles(2-3 cm)*** are ovate to oblong-ovate,(2-8 cm)long,(1.5-5 cm)wide,pointed at the *** leaf surface shows the anisocytic type stomata covered with guard cells followed by epidermis *** surface contents including *** islet and vein termination were also *** section of leaf shows the epidermis layer followed by cuticle layer and vascular bandies(xylem and phloem).The mesophyll is differentiated into palisade and spongy *** covering trichomes emerge from the upper *** are uniseriate and *** of collenchyma are present below and upper layer of ***:It can be concluded that the pharmacognostic profile of the *** is helpful in developing standards for quality,purity and sample identification.

关键词： Cayratia trifolia Leaf Microscopic Pharmacognostic Vitaceae Physiochemical analysis Preliminary testing

The Role of Renal Regulatory Mechanisms in the Evolution and Treatment of Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2013年第1期3卷 80-89页

作者： Olugbenga A. Akingbola dinesh singh Ihor V. Yosypiv Edwin M. Frieberg Mary A. Younger Samir S. El-Dahr Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Critical Care Tulane University Medical Center New Orleans USA Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Endocrinology Tulane University Medical Center New Orleans USA Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Nephrology Tulane University Medical Center New Orleans USA

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life threatening complication of diabetes mellitus in pediatric patients with new onset insulin dependent diabetes. Despite advances in therapy mortality from DKA, especially in children less than two years, remains high. This review highlights the role of obligatory renal defense mechanisms in the evolution of DKA and its implication for therapy: to accomplish this goal the review starts with a cursory description of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of metabolic derangements in DKA as a basis for understanding the renal compensatory mechanisms geared towards restoration of acid-base balance;then, the next section of the review describes how alterations in fluid and electrolyte balance at the onset of DKA and the extent of renal regulatory defense mechanisms geared towards its restoration can predispose to cerebral edema at the beginning of therapy. We conclude by suggesting that restoration of fluid and electrolyte balance should be based on the severity of metabolic acidosis as determined by the extent of renal impairment at the onset and during the course of DKA rather than strictly by protocols.

关键词： Diabetic Ketoacidosis Pediatrics Hyperosmolar Cerebral Edema Hyperglycemia Hyperkalemia

Comparative H2S Sensing Characteristics of Fe2O3: Thin Film vs. Bulk

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Soft Nanoscience Letters 2013年第4期3卷 6-8页

作者： Vishal Balouria Ajay singh Niranjan Suryakant Ramgir Anil Krishan Debnath Aman Mahajan Ratish Kumar Bedi dinesh Kumar Aswal Shiv Kumar Gupta Material Science Laboratory Department of Physics Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar India. Technical Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Center Mumbai India Technical Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Center Mumbai India

Comparative investigations of gas sensing characteristics of Fe2O3 in both thin film as well as bulk forms have been performed. Thin film sensors were realized by first depositing Fe films using electron-beam evaporation followed by thermal oxidation. Bulk sensors in the form of pellets were prepared by cold pressing commercial Fe2O3 powder with subsequent sintering. Both thin film and bulk Fe2O3 sensors exhibited a selective and reversible response characteristics towards H2S with maximum response at an operating temperature of 250°C and 200°C, respectively. A negligible response towards other interfering gases was observed. Thin film sensors exhibited an enhanced response in comparison to that of pellets.

关键词： Fe2O3 Thin Film Pellets H2S Sensor

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肉鸡对高温气候的适应性

国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2012年第11期32卷 33-34页

作者：王晶晶 dinesh Prasad singh Hamid Ali Ram Bahal Rai

现代产业化肉鸡的特点是生长快、上市体重大,采食量、新陈代谢率和内脏产热高。这些特性扮演着内部应激因子的角色,进而提高了外界热应激的影响力。肉鸡舍内的炎热环境阻碍过量内脏热量的扩散,因而导致体温升高和食欲不振。随着采食量... 详细信息

现代产业化肉鸡的特点是生长快、上市体重大,采食量、新陈代谢率和内脏产热高。这些特性扮演着内部应激因子的角色,进而提高了外界热应激的影响力。肉鸡舍内的炎热环境阻碍过量内脏热量的扩散,因而导致体温升高和食欲不振。随着采食量的减少,之后生长减慢（甚至停止）,

关键词：肉鸡舍高温气候适应性应激因子炎热环境食欲不振采食量产业化