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Production of Spirulina platensis Using Inexpensive Local Resources in Palestine

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第3期15卷 357-377页

作者： Imad Al-Jabali Ahmad qutob Mahmoud Alkhatib Mutaz qutob Department of Environment and Earth Studies Al-Quds University Jerusalem Palestine Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Al-Quds University Jerusalem Palestine Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology Al-Quds University Jerusalem Palestine

Spirulina platensis is a special and unique cyanobacteria that is produced worldwide with a varied cost of cultivation media. In this study, five main experiments with different treatments were performed to evaluate the possibility of using cheap aquaculture water for Spirulina production, to test if solutions made by plant ash (PAS) could be used for Spirulina production, to determine if brackish water (BW) and mining water have a good impact on Spirulina production, to create a medium composed of cheap chemicals and fertilizers to be used for Spirulina cultivation, and to test if a mixture made from local components could be used to produce Spirulina. All experiments were performed via growth and dry weight measurements, including determination of chemical and physical characteristics of the samples with a comparison with Zarrouk medium (ZM) as a reference for each experiment, and all experiments were performed for 21 days to determine the best media type that lasts longer for commercial purposes. In all experiments, pH values were between 8 and 11, and EC was between 9.8 and 30 ms/cm, while temperature was at 30°C and 35°C, and light was at 1500 and 5000 Lux for 16 h light and 8 h dark. Spirulina can grow in (FW). It can also grow in FW diluted with BW. Also a 3% PAS can be used as a source to cultivate Spirulina at a very low price compared to ZM. The chemical fertilizer formula was one of the best types among all treatments with a good price. A mixture of these local resources could be a very good cheap alternative source. The main result that was obtained from all experiments in this study is the ability of Spirulina to grow within a wide range of chemical parameters at a lower price.

关键词： Spirulina platensis Tilapia Brackish Water Zarrouk Medium

A One Health approach to fight antimicrobial resistance in Uganda: Implementation experience, results, and lessons learned

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第2期6卷 125-132页

作者： Reuben Kiggundu J.P.Waswa Niranjan Konduri Hassan Kasuja Marion Murungi Patrick Vudriko Harriet Akello Eric Lugada Cecilia Muiva Esther Were dinah Tjipura Henry Kajumbula Kate Kikule Emmanuel Nfor Mohan P.Joshi USAID Medicines Technologiesand Pharmaceutical Services ProgramManagement Sciences for HealthKampala 256Uganda USAID Medicines Technologiesand Pharmaceutical Services ProgramManagement Sciences for HealthArlingtonVA 22203USA College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and BiosecurityMakerere UniversityKampala 256Uganda Ministry of Health Uganda Kampala 256Uganda USAID Strengthening Supply Chain Systems Activity Management Sciences for HealthKampala 256Uganda USAID Medicines Technologiesand Pharmaceutical Services ProgramManagement Sciences for HealthNairobi 254Kenya Department of Microbiology College of Health SciencesMakerere UniversityKampala 256Uganda

Uganda has been implementing the Global Health Security Agenda(GHSA)since 2015 to build its capacity according to World Health Organization(WHO)Benchmarks on International Health Regulations *** country remains prone to outbreaks,with more than 20 disease outbreaks reported in the past five years,including Ebola virus disease,Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever,Marburg haemorrhagic fever,measles,yellow fever,coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),and *** resistance(AMR)is an ongoing *** scored capacity level 3 on infection prevention and control(IPC)and antimicrobial stewardship(AMS)in the 2017 Joint External Evaluation(JEE)*** gaps were being addressed after a self-assessment in *** paper describes the technical assistance approaches provided to Uganda by the Medicines,Technologies,and Pharmaceutical Services Program,funded by the United States(U.S.)Agency for International Development,and implemented by Management Sciences for *** program,through a One Health approach,supported systematic capacity strengthening based on the JEE's capacity advancement framework for global health security,specifically relating to *** program's interventions impacted 32 WHO benchmark actions(7 for AMR multisectoral coordination,16 for IPC,and 9 for AMS),contributing to Uganda's strengthened GHSA *** success built on the AMR platform,the program trained 745 health workers in IPC for the Ebola virus and provided support for simulation exercises by eight district IPC *** program also worked with the Ministry of Health to coordinate IPC for the COVID-19 response in five health regions,covering 45 districts and reaching 5,452 health workers at 858 health facilities.

关键词： One health Antimicrobial resistance Antibiotic resistance Jointexternal evaluation Global health security Uganda Africa WHO Benchmarks for International Health Regulations Capacities

Mortality from Stroke in Young People in Brazzaville

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2024年第1期14卷 37-55页

作者： Motoula Latou Happhia dinah Boubayi Josué Euberma Diatewa Ghislain Armel Mpandzou Prince Eliot Galieni Sounga Bandzouzi Elizeth Richtellah Fouti Kouapele Karen Lise Obondzo Aloba Paul Macaire Ossou-Nguiet Faculty of Health Sciences Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville The Republic of the Congo Department of Neurology Brazzaville University Hospital Brazzaville The Republic of the Congo Department of Neurology Loandjili General Hospital Pointe-Noire The Republic of the Congo

Introduction: Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) are an absolute neurovascular emergency and the main cause of mortality and acquired disability in adults. In the Congo, stroke is the leading cause of mortality and the leading cardiovascular emergency, with a hospital frequency of between 49.74% and 56.2%. The aim of the study was to identify the mortality factors associated with stroke in young people in Brazzaville. Patients and Methods: This is a longitudinal analytical study conducted from February to period from February to September 2019 in the neurology, general intensive care and medical emergency departments of the Brazzaville University Hospital (CHUB). All subjects aged 18 - 55 years of completed age, admitted for arterial stroke confirmed by brain imaging, were included. Study variables were: age, gender, socioeconomic level, laterality, time to admission and CT scan, vascular risk factors, history of cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, TIA (transient ischemic attack) or stroke, NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) score, Glasgow score, blood pressure, temperature, heart rate, occurrence or non-occurrence of complications, blood glucose, creatinine, lipid profile and blood count. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software. Descriptive analyses were performed using SPSS 21 software. Results: 103 patients were included in the study, of whom 45 (43.7%) had ischemic stroke and 58 (56.3%) with hemorrhagic stroke. Mortality was high at 29.1% in our study, and mainly concerned hemorrhagic strokes (73.7%). Two-week mortality in our study accounted for 63.33% of total lethality. After simple logistic regression, the factors associated with death within two weeks were age between 40 - 44 years (OR (odds ratio) = 2.95;p = 0.01), hemorrhagic stroke (OR = 1.41;p = 0.07), mass effect (OR = 3.26;p 15 (OR = 5.89 (2.90 - 11.95);p <

关键词： Brazzaville Mortality Stroke Young Subjects

Impact of Tension-Type Headaches in the Workplace in Brazzaville

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2024年第2期15卷 77-91页

作者： Happhia dinah Boubayi Motoula Latou Josué Euberma Diatewa Ghislain Armel Mpandzou Prince Eliot Galieni Sounga Bandzouzi Jean Brice Mouendenguia Karen Lise Obondzo Aloba Paul Macaire Ossou-Nguiet Faculty of Health Sciences Universit Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo Department of Neurology Brazzaville University Hospital Congo Department of Neurology Loandjili General Hospital Pointe-Noire Congo

Introduction: Tension-type headaches are the most widespread of the primary headache disorders. Due to their high prevalence, tension-type headaches represent a major public health problem with an enormous socio-economic burden. Determining their impact remains a challenge. Objective: To assess the impact of occupational tension-type headache in Brazzaville and identify associated factors. Population and Methods: This was an analytical case-control study conducted in public and private companies in the city of Brazzaville over a period of four (04) months. The case population consisted of cephalalgic employees;the control population was drawn from the same companies and was free of tension-type headaches. Study variables were divided into socio-professional, clinical and individual impact variables. Individual impact variables were represented by: the HIT-6 score, which incorporates a very broad conception of disability, covering several domains, namely: severity of pain during attacks and the restrictive and limiting nature of attacks. Results: Individual impact was severe in 18 (62.1%) men and 11 (37.9%) women. Mean age was 36.3 6.14 years for cases with severe impact. The mean duration of headache was 40.3 32.7 months for cases with severe impact. Tension headache evolved in attacks in 22 (75.9%) cases with severe impact, and continuously in seven (24.1%) cases. The average number of attacks per month was 2.52 1.04 for cases with severe impact. Cases with severe impact included 14 (48.3%) with chronic headache and 15 (51.7%) with episodic headache. Pain of severe intensity present in 48.3% of cases was associated with a severe impact of tension-type headache: OR = 151.66 [2.36 - 44245.95] and p-value = 0.037. At least one days absence from work per year was observed in 47.4% of our cases. The number of days off work per year due to tension-type headache had an interquartile range between 0 and 3 days and extremes from 0 to 14 days. It was the consequence of a sev

关键词： Impact Tension Headache Workplace

Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects of Migraine in Brazzaville

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2024年第1期14卷 56-71页

作者： Motoula Latou Happhia dinah Boubayi Josue Diatewa Prince Eliot Galieni Sounga Bandzouzi Ghislain Armel Mpandzou Héloïse Stéphanie Ongoly Ikora Karen Lise Obondzo Aloba Paul Macaire Ossou-Nguiet Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville The Republic of the Congo Department of Neurology Brazzaville University Hospital Brazzaville The Republic of the Congo Department of Neurology Loandjili General Hospital Pointe-Noire The Republic of the Congo

Introduction: Migraine is the most common primary headache, and can cause significant disability. There are two types, migraine without aura and migraine with aura. The diagnosis of migraine is essentially clinical. Worldwide prevalence was estimated at 11.6% in 2009. In Africa, it is estimated at 10.4%. Objective: To describe the clinical and therapeutic aspects of migraine in Brazzaville. Patients and Methods: This was a door-to-door cross-sectional study conducted from 1st May to 1 st July 2018 in the city of Brazzaville. Subjects over 18 with clearly expressed consent were included. The questionnaire covered demographic characteristics, diagnostic criteria for migraine according to the IHS, treatments taken. The degree of disability was determined using the Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (MIDAS). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 for MAC. Results: Of the 1017 subjects interviewed in this study, 115 (39.9%) had migraine, including 73 women (63.47%) and 42 men (36.52%). In the group of migraine sufferers, the number of cases of definite migraine was 61 (53.04%) and that of probable migraine 54 (46.95%). For 81 migraine sufferers (70.43%), stress was the triggering factor. The frequency of attacks was weekly and monthly for 30 (26.1%) and 19 (16.5%) sufferers respectively. The location of the migraine was unilateral in 38% of cases and tilted in 24.3%. The intensity of the attack was described as moderate and severe in 41.7% and 57.4% of subjects respectively. Phonophobia/photophobia accompanied the migraine in 65.2% of cases. One hundred and eight subjects were treated. Of these, 106 (98.1%) were on medication. Eleven (10.37%) had received a medical prescription, and ninety-seven (89.8%) were self-medicating. Five and three subjects were under the care of a general practitioner and a neurologist respectively. Conclusion: Migraine is a frequent pathology in Brazzaville. Its preponderance among young people and women call

关键词： Migraine Clinic Therapeutics Brazzaville

Heavy Metals Concentrations in Leafy Vegetables in Palestine, Case Study: Jenin and Bethlehem Districts

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2022年第1期13卷 97-111页

作者： Mahmoud AlKhatib Ahmad qutob Elizabeth Kattan Husam Malassa Mutaz qutob Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology Al-Quds University Jerusalem Palestine Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Al-Quds University Jerusalem Palestine Department of Environment and Earth Studies Al-Quds University Jerusalem Palestine

This study investigates the concentrations of metals in leafy vegetables in Bethlehem and Jenin districts in Palestine. The concentrations of Fe, Pb, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Cd, and Zn were measured. Vegetables including spinach, arugula, and parsley were collected from different farms from both regions, and analyzed by using ICP-MS. In Bethlehem region, Iron concentrations were ranged from 25 to 1046 mg/kg. Iron concentrations were higher than the WHO/FAO limits of 425 mg/kg in 33% of the samples. Lead concentrations were ranged from 0.04 to 1.77 mg/kg. Lead concentrations were higher than the WHO/FAO limits of 0.3 mg/kg in 40% of the samples. Chromium concentrations were ranged from 0.02 to 2.51 mg/kg. Chromium concentrations were higher than the WHO/FAO limits of 1.3 mg/kg in 13% of the samples. Zinc concentrations were ranged from 4 to 107 mg/kg. Zinc concentrations were higher than the WHO/FAO limits of 99.4 mg/kg in 6.6% of the samples. Cadmium concentrations were ranged from 0.01 to 1.4 mg/kg. Cadmium concentrations were higher than the WHO/FAO limits of 0.2 mg/kg in 13% of the samples. The concentration of Manganese, Cobalt and Cupper were all below the WHO/FAO limits of 500, 50 and 73 mg/kg respectively. In Jenin region, Iron concentrations were ranged from 42 to 543 mg/kg. Iron concentrations were higher than the WHO/FAO limits of 425 mg/kg in 20% of the samples. Lead concentrations were ranged from 0.05 to 0.67 mg/kg. Lead concentrations were higher than the WHO/FAO limits of 0.3 mg/kg in 20% of the samples. Copper concentrations were ranged from 0.62 to 278 mg/kg. Copper concentrations were higher than the WHO/FAO limits of 73 mg/kg in 6.66% of the samples. Cadmium concentrations were ranged from 0.02 to 1.62 mg/kg. Cadmium concentrations were higher than the WHO/FAO limits of 0.2 mg/kg in 6.66% of the samples. The concentration of Chromium, Manganese, Cobalt and Cupper were all below the WHO/FAO limits. It was concluded that the contamination found in some leaf

关键词： Heavy Metals Vegetables Pesticides

Evaluation of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Soil and Edible Vegetables Grown in Compost from Unknown Sources in Al-Jiftlik, Palestine

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2022年第1期13卷 112-125页

作者： Mohammed Bawwab Ahmad qutob Mahmoud Al Khatib Husam Malassa Ayman Shawahna Mutaz qutob Department of Materials Engineering Faculty of Engineering Al-Quds University Jerusalem Palestine Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Al-Quds University Jerusalem Palestine Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology Al-Quds University Jerusalem Palestine Environment Quality Authority Al-Bireh Palestine

The use of compost as a fertilizer has been widely used in many countries. However, compost that contains heavy metals can transfer these metals to soils and plants (vegetables). This study investigates the concentrations of metals in soil and edible vegetables that were fertilized by polluted unknown compost in Al-Jiftlik region (Palestine). The source of the compost is the autocratic dumping sites of the Israeli settlements. The compost is distributed free of charge to the Palestinian farmers. The concentrations of Ba, Cu, Pb, Th, Se, Mn, Co and As in the contaminated farms were measured. Vegetables include: Eggplant, Corn, Bell Pepper, Cucumber and Marrow. Metals availability as well as the pH, was also examined in the soil samples. Normal farms that did not use this unknown compost were used as a reference. The concentrations of Ba, Cu, Pb, Th, Se, Mn, Co and As in soil and vegetables in the polluted farms were above the WHO limits. Barium concentrations in the vegetables were ranged from 1.00 mg/kg to 0.453 mg/kg. It is high when compared to WHO limit of 0.3 mg/kg. Copper concentrations in the vegetables were ranged from 63.84 mg/kg to 50.53 mg/kg. It is high when compared to WHO limit of 40 mg/kg. Lead concentrations in the vegetables were ranged from 1.00 mg/kg to 0.453 mg/kg. Lead concentration is high when compared to WHO limit of 0.3 mg/kg. Thallium concentrations in the vegetables were ranged from 2.99 mg/kg to 1.22 mg/kg. Thallium concentration is high when compared to WHO limit of 0.3 mg/kg. Selenium concentrations in the vegetables were ranged from 0.550 mg/kg to 0.348 mg/kg. It is high when compared to WHO limit of 0.3 mg/kg. Manganese concentrations in the vegetables were ranged from 825.3 mg/kg to 446.2 mg/kg. It is almost high when compared to WHO limit of 500 mg/kg. Cobalt concentrations in the vegetables were ranged from 1.119 mg/kg to 0.522 mg/kg. Cobalt concentration is high when compared to WHO limit of 0.1 mg/kg. A

关键词： Compost Heavy Metals Vegetables Autocratic Dumping

Secretive derived from hypoxia preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells promote cartilage regeneration and mitigate joint inflammation via extracellular vesicles

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第9期27卷 98-112页

作者： Yanmeng Yang Yingnan Wu Dahou Yang Shu Hui Neo Nurul dinah Kadir Doreen Goh Jian Xiong Tan Vinitha Denslin Eng Hin Lee Zheng Yang Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore NUS Tissue Engineering Program Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingapore Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalised-Medicine Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and TechnologySingapore

Secretome derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have profound effects on tissue regeneration, which could become the basis of future MSCs therapies. Hypoxia, as the physiologic environment of MSCs, has great potential to enhance MSCs paracrine therapeutic effect. In our study, the paracrine effects of secretome derived from MSCs preconditioned in normoxia and hypoxia was compared through both in vitro functional assays and an in vivo rat osteochondral defect model. Specifically, the paracrine effect of total EVs were compared to that of soluble factors to characterize the predominant active components in the hypoxic secretome. We demonstrated that hypoxia conditioned medium, as well as the corresponding EVs, at a relatively low dosage, were efficient in promoting the repair of critical-sized osteochondral defects and mitigated the joint inflammation in a rat osteochondral defect model, relative to their normoxia counterpart. In vitro functional test shows enhancement through chondrocyte proliferation, migration, and matrix deposition, while inhibit IL-1β-induced chondrocytes senescence, inflammation, matrix degradation, and pro-inflammatory macrophage activity. Multiple functional proteins, as well as a change in EVs’ size profile, with enrichment of specific EV-miRNAs were detected with hypoxia preconditioning, implicating complex molecular pathways involved in hypoxia pre-conditioned MSCs secretome generated cartilage regeneration.

关键词： Hypoxia preconditioned MSCs Secretome Extracellular vesicles Cartilage regeneration Joint inflammation

Synthesis of new penicillin derivatives as drug-like molecules for biological screening

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2015年第1期26卷 113-117页

作者： Chun-Jing Liu dinah Dutta Lester Mitscher Higuchi Biosciences Center The University of Kansas Department of Medicinal Chemistry The University of Kansas

Chemical modification of penicillin β-lactam ring was *** thiazolidine amides were produced through N4-C7 β-lactam ring opening of penicillin V methyl ester with various aliphatic,aromatic,and heterocyclic primary *** 8-hydroxypenillic acid derivatives with side chains of methyl,propyl,benzyl,and diethylaminoethyl groups were yielded via β-lactam ring rearrangement from6-aminopenicillanic acid（6-APA）.Parallel synthetic methods were used for the alkylation of8-hydroxypenillic acid and β-lactam ring opening of penicillin V methyl *** biological activities of the compounds were evaluated.

关键词： Penicillin Rearrangement β-Lactam antibiotics Nucleophilic ring opening