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Individual and geospatial factors associated with receipt of colorectal cancer screening:a state-wide mixed-level analysis

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S2期12卷 18-25页

作者： Jennifer e Bayly Mara A Schonberg Marcia C Castro Kenneth J Mukamal Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center BostonMassachusettsUSA Harvard Medical School BostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Global Health and Population Harvard T H Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA

Background Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the second leading cause of cancer death in US adults but can be reduced by *** roles of individual and contextual factors,and especially physician supply,in attaining universal CRC screening remains *** We used data from adults 50-75 years old participating in the 2018 New York(NY)Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System linked to county-level covariates,including primary care physician(PCP)density and gastroenterologist(GI)*** were analysed in *** analyses included(1)ecological and geospatial analyses of county-level CRC screening prevalence and(2)individual-level Poisson regression models of receipt of screening,adjusted for socioeconomic and county-level contextual *** Mean prevalence of up-to-date CRC screening was 71%(95%CI 70%to 73%)across NY’s 62 ***-level CRC screening demonstrated significant spatial patterning(Global Moran’s I=0.14,p=0.04),consistent with the existence of county-level contextual *** both county-level and individual-level analyses,lack of health insurance was associated with lower likelihood of up-to-date screening(?−1.09(95%CI−2.00 to-0.19);adjusted prevalence ratio 0.68(95%CI 0.60 to 0.77)),even accounting for age,race/ethnicity and *** contrast,county-level densities of both PCPs and GIs were completely unassociated with screening at either the county or individual *** expected,other determinants at the individual level included education status and *** In this state-wide representative analysis,physician density was completely unassociated with CRC screening,although health insurance status remains strongly *** similar screening environments,broadened insurance coverage for CRC screening is likely to improve screening far more effectively than increased physician supply.

关键词： state screening county

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Insight into vertical piezoelectric characteristics regulated thermal transport in van der Waals two-dimensional materials

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 770-779页

作者： Dong-Hai Wei e Zhou Jin-Yuan Xu Hui-Min Wang Chen Shen Hong-Bin Zhang Zhen-Zhen Qin Guang-Zhao Qin State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body College of Mechanical and Vehicle EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082China Hunan Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano energy Materials and Device and School of Physics and Optoelectronics Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan411105China Institute of Materials Science Technical University of DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss-Str.264287DarmstadtGermany School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China

The urgent demand of extreme(ultra-high/low)thermal conductivity materials is triggered by the high-power device,where exploring the theories and mechanisms of regulating thermal transport properties plays a key ***,we elaborately investigate the effect of vertical(out-of-plane)piezoelectric characteristics on thermal transport,which is historically *** different stacking-order(AA and AB)bilayer boron nitride(Bi-BN)in two-dimensional(2D)materials are selected as study *** performing state-of-the-art first-principles calculations,it is found that the polarization charge along the out-of-plane orientation ascends significantly with the increasing piezoelectric response in AB stacked Bi-BN(Bi-BN-AB)followed by the enhanced interlayer B–N atomic ***,the amplitude of phonon anharmonicity in Bi-BN-AB increases larger than that in the AA stacked Bi-BN(Bi-BN-AA),resulting in the dramatic weakening of the thermal conductivity by 20.34%under 18%*** research reveals the significant role of the vertical(out-of-plane)piezoelectric characteristic in regulating thermal transport and provides new insight into accurately exploring the thermal transport performance of 2D van der Waals materials.

关键词： Thermal conductivity Piezoelectric effect 2D materials Bilayer BN Strain engineering

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Insights from respiratory virus co-infections

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第4期13卷 31-40页

作者： Vasiliki e Georgakopoulou Department of Pathophysiology Laiko General HospitalMedical School of National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11527Greece

Respiratory viral co-infections present significant challenges in clinical settings due to their impact on disease severity and patient *** diagnostic methods often miss these co-infections,complicating the epidemiology and management of these ***,primarily conducted in vitro and in vivo,suggests that co-infections can lead to more severe illnesses,increased hospitalization rates,and greater healthcare utilization,especially in high-risk groups such as children,the elderly,and immunocompromised *** coinfection patterns,risk factors,and their impact on disease dynamics highlight the need for advanced diagnostic techniques and tailored therapeutic *** the virological interactions and immune response modulation during co-infections is crucial for developing effective public health interventions and improving patient *** research should focus on the molecular mechanisms of co-infection and the development of specific therapies to mitigate the adverse effects of these complex infections.

关键词： Respiratory viral co-infections Disease severity Diagnostic challenges Immune response modulation Public health strategies

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Structural color of metallic glass through picosecond laser

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第10期33卷 120-128页

作者： Yue’e Zhang Xing Tong Yuqiang Yan Shuo Cao Hai-Bo Ke Wei-Hua Wang College of Physics Liaoning UniversityShenyang 110036China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The alteration in surface color of metallic glasses(MGs)holds great significance in the context of microstructuredesign and commercial *** is essential to accurately describe the structures that are formed during the laser and colorseparation processes in order to develop practical laser coloring *** to the high oxidation sensitivity of Labasedmetallic glass,it can broaden the color range but make it more *** coloring by laser processing on thesurface of La-based metallic glass can be conducted after thermoplastic *** is particularly important to clarify therole of structure and composition in the surface coloring *** aim is to study the relationship between amorphoussurface structural color,surface geometry,and oxide formation by laser processing in metallic *** findings revealedthat the periodic structure primarily determines the surface color at laser energy densities below 1.0 J/mm^(2).In contrast,thesurface color predominantly depends on the proportion of oxides that are formed when energy densities exceed 1.0 J/mm^(2).Consequently,this study provides a novel concept for the fundamental investigation of laser coloring and establishes a newavenue for practical application.

关键词： metallic glass picosecond laser periodic structure oxides

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High-resolution mid-infrared single-photon upconversion ranging

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Photonics Research 2024年第6期12卷 1294-1302页

作者： SHUHONG JIANG KUN HUANG TINGTING YU JIANAN FANG BeN SUN YAN LIANG QIANG HAO e.WU MING YAN HePING ZeNG State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics Chongqing Institute of East China Normal UniversityChongqing 401121China Collaborative Innovation Center of extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China School of Optical electrical and Computer engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Shanghai 201315China Guangyang Bay Laboratory Chongqing Institute for Brain and IntelligenceChongqing 400064China

Single-photon laser ranging has widespread applications in remote sensing and target ***,highly sensitive light detection and ranging(lidar)has long been restricted in the visible or near-infrared *** appealing quest is to extend the operation wavelength into the mid-infrared(MIR)region,which calls for an infrared photon-counting system at high detection sensitivity and precise temporal ***,we devise and demonstrate an MIR upconversion lidar based on nonlinear asynchronous optical ***,the infrared probe is interrogated in a nonlinear crystal by a train of pump pulses at a slightly different repetition rate,which favors temporal optical scanning at a picosecond timing resolution and a kilohertz refreshing rate ***,the cross-correlation upconversion trace is temporally stretched by a factor of 2×10^(4),which can thus be recorded by a low-bandwidth silicon *** combination with the time-correlated photon-counting technique,the achieved effective resolution is about two orders of magnitude better than the timing jitter of the detector itself,which facilitates a ranging precision of 4μm under a low detected flux of 8×10^(−5) photons per *** presented MIR time-of-flight range finder is featured with single-photon sensitivity and high positioning resolution,which would be particularly useful in infrared sensing and imaging in photon-starved scenarios.

关键词： resolution lidar repetition

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Demystifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms relevant to wastewater treatment: A review of their phylogeny, metabolism, and detection

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environmental Science and ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 1-16页

作者： Lucia Ruiz-Haddad Muhammad Ali Mario Pronk Mark C.Mvan Loosdrecht Pascal e.Saikaly environmental Science and engineering Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering(BESE)DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal23955-6900Saudi Arabia Water Desalination and Reuse Center Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering(BESE)DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal23955-6900Saudi Arabia Department of Civil Structural&Environmental EngineeringTrinity College DublinThe University of DublinDublin2Ireland Department of Biotechnology Delft University of TechnologyDelft2629 HZthe Netherlands

Currently,the most cost-effective and efficient method for phosphorus(P)removal from wastewater is enhanced biological P removal(ePBR)via polyphosphate-accumulating organisms(PAOs).This study integrates a literature review with genomic analysis to uncover the phylogenetic and metabolic diversity of the relevant PAOs for wastewater *** findings highlight significant differences in the metabolic capabilities of PAOs relevant to wastewater ***,Candidatus Dechloromonas and Candidatus Accumulibacter can synthesize polyhydroxyalkanoates,possess specific enzymes for ATP production from polyphosphate,and have electrochemical transporters for acetate and *** contrast,Tetrasphaera,Candidatus Phosphoribacter,Knoellia,and Phycicoccus possess PolyP-glucokinase and electrochemical transporters for sugars/amino ***,this review explores various detection methods for polyphosphate and PAOs in activated sludge wastewater treatment ***,FISH-Raman spectroscopy emerges as one of the most advanced detection ***,this review provides critical insights into PAO research,underscoring the need for enhanced strategies in biological phosphorus removal.

关键词： Polyphosphate-accumulating organisms(PAOs) enhanced biological phosphorus removal (eBPR)Tetrasphaera Ca.accumulibacter Ca.phosphoribacter Knoellia Phycicoccus

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The Formation of Oscillation Patterns Based on the Planetary Gravitational Field and Their Suitability for earthquake Prediction

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Journal of High energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第1期10卷 149-157页

作者： Michael e. Nitsche Z & S Institut Grosselfingen Germany

The fluctuating planetary gravitational field influences not only activities on the Sun but also on the earth. A special correlation function describes the harmonics of these fluctuations. Groups of earthquakes form oscillation patterns that differ significantly from randomly chosen control groups. These patterns are suitable as an element of an AI for the probability of earthquakes.

关键词： Planetary Gravitational Field earthquake Prediction AI

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existence of a Hölder Continuous extension on embedded Balls of the 3-Torus for the Periodic Navier Stokes equations

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2024年第2期14卷 118-138页

作者： Terry e. Moschandreou Intermediate Science and Mathematics TVDSB London Ontario Canada

This article gives a general model using specific periodic special functions, which is degenerate elliptic Weierstrass P functions whose presence in the governing equations through the forcing terms simplify the periodic Navier Stokes equations (PNS) at the centers of cells of the 3-Torus. Satisfying a divergence-free vector field and periodic boundary conditions respectively with a general spatio-temporal forcing term which is smooth and spatially periodic, the existence of solutions which have finite time singularities can occur starting with the first derivative and higher with respect to time. The existence of a subspace of the solution space where v3 is continuous and {C, y1, y12}, is linearly independent in the additive argument of the solution in terms of the Lambert W function, (y12=y2, C∈R) together with the condition v2=-2y1v1. On this subspace, the Biot Savart Law holds exactly [see Section 2 (equation (13))]. Also on this subspace, an expression X (part of PNS equations) vanishes which contains all the expressions in derivatives of v1 and v2 and the forcing terms in the plane which are related as with the cancellation of all such terms in governing PDe. The y3 component forcing term is arbitrarily small in ε ball where Weierstrass P functions touch the center of the ball both for inviscid and viscous cases. As a result, a significant simplification occurs with a v3 only governing PDe resulting. With viscosity present as v changes from zero to the fully viscous case at v =1 the solution for v3 reaches a peak in the third component y3. Consequently, there exists a dipole which is not centered at the center of the cell of the Lattice. Hence since the dipole by definition has an equal in magnitude positive and negative peak in y3, then the dipole Riemann cut-off surface is c

关键词： Navier-Stokes PNS 3-Torus Periodic Ball Sphere Hölder Continuous Riemann-Surface Uniqueness

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From Hölder Continuous Solutions of 3D Incompressible Navier-Stokes equations to No-Finite Time Blowup on [ 0,∞ ]

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2024年第9期14卷 695-743页

作者： Terry e. Moschandreou TVDSB London Ontario London Canada

This article gives a general model using specific periodic special functions, that is, degenerate elliptic Weierstrass P functions composed with the LambertW function, whose presence in the governing equations through the forcing terms simplify the periodic Navier Stokes equations (PNS) at the centers of arbitrary r balls of the 3-Torus. The continuity equation is satisfied together with spatially periodic boundary conditions. The yicomponent forcing terms consist of a function F as part of its expression that is arbitrarily small in an r ball where it is associated with a singular forcing expression both for inviscid and viscous cases. As a result, a significant simplification occurs with a v3(vifor all velocity components) only governing PDe resulting. The extension of three restricted subspaces in each of the principal directions in the Cartesian plane is shown as the Cartesian product ℋ=Jx,t×Jy,t×Jz,t. On each of these subspaces vi,i=1,2,3is continuous and there exists a linear independent subspace associated with the argument of the W function. Here the 3-Torus is built up from each compact segment of length 2R on each of the axes on the 3 principal directions x, y, and z. The form of the scaled velocities for non zero scaled δis related to the definition of the W function such that e−W(ξ)=W(ξ)ξwhere ξdepends on t and proportional to δ→0for infinite time t. The ratio Wξis equal to 1, making the limit δ→0finite and well defined. Considering r balls where the function F=(x−ai)2+(y−bi)2+(z−ci)2−ηset equal to −1e+rwhere r>0. is such that the forcing is singular at every distance r of centres of cubes each containing an r-ball. At the centre of the balls, the forcing is infinite. The main idea is that a system of singular initial value problems with infinite forcing is to be solved for where the velocities are shown to be locally Hölder continuous. It is proven that the limit of these singular problems shifts the finite time blowup time ti∗for first and higher deriv

关键词： Navier-Stokes Periodic Navier-Stokes equations 3-Torus Periodic Ball Sphere Hölder Continuous Functions Uniqueness Angular Velocity Velocity in Terms of Vorticity

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Timing impact on the initiation of pirfenidone therapy on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis disease progression

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第32期12卷 6538-6542页

作者： Basma M e Mohamed Mohamed e A Abdelrahim Department of Clinical Pharmacy Faculty of PharmacyBeni-Suef UniversityBeni-Suef 343433Egypt

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Lei et al,with a specific focus on the timing of the initiation of the antifibrotic agent pirfenidone(PFD)in the management of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)and its impact on lung function of IPF *** is an antifibrotic agent that is widely used in the management of IPF in both early and advanced *** inhibits various pathways and has antifibrotic,anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant *** dosage lowering,PFD slowed IPF progression and maintained functional *** 6-min walk distance test indicated that patients tolerated adverse events well,and PFD significantly reduced the incidence of progression episodes and *** when a single disease-progression event occurred,continuing PFD treatment had benefits.

关键词： Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis Pirfenidone Pirfenidone anti-inflammatory mechanism Pirfenidone antifibrotic activity Timing impact

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