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Protective and defensive roles of non-glandular trichomes against multiple stresses:structure-function coordination

Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第1期31卷 1-12页

作者： George Karabourniotis Georgios Liakopoulos dimosthenis nikolopoulos Panagiota Bresta Laboratory of Plant Physiology Department of Crop ScienceAgricultural University of Athens

As superficial structures,non-glandular trichomes,protect plant organs against multiple biotic and abiotic *** protective and defensive roles of these epidermal appendages are crucial to developing organs and can be attributed to the excellent combination of suitable structural traits and chemical reinforcement in the form of phenolic compounds,primarily fl *** the formation of trichomes and the accumulation of phenolics are interrelated at the molecular *** the early stages of development,non-glandular trichomes show strong morphological similarities to glandular ones such as the balloon-like apical cells with numerous *** later developmental stages,and during secondary wall thickening,phenolics are transferred to the cell walls of the *** to the diff use deposition of phenolics in the cell walls,trichomes provide protection against UV-B radiation by behaving as optical fi lters,screening out wavelengths that could damage sensitive *** from strong visible radiation is also aff orded by increased surface light refl ***,the mixtures of trichome phenolics represent a superfi-cial chemical barrier that provides protection against biotic stress factors such as herbivores and *** the cells of some trichomes die at maturity,they can modulate their quantitative and qualitative characteristics during development,depending on the prevailing conditions of the external biotic or abiotic *** fact,the structure and chemical constituents of trichomes may change due to the particular light regime,herbivore damage,wounding,water stress,salinity and the presence of heavy ***,trichomes represent dynamic protective structures that may greatly aff ect the outcome of many plant–environment interactions.

关键词： Non-glandular trichomes Phenolics Flavonoids Protection Defence Biotic stress Abiotic stress

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Distribution Profiles and Interrelations of Stomatal Conductance, Transpiration Rate and Water Dynamics in Young Maize Laminas under Nitrogen Deprivation

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第5期5卷 659-670页

作者： Dimitris L. Bouranis Alexandros Dionias Styliani N. Chorianopoulou Georgios Liakopoulos dimosthenis nikolopoulos Plant Physiology Laboratory Department of Crop Science Agricultural University of Athens Athens Greece

Seven-day-old maize (Zea mays) plants were grown hydroponically for ten days in N-deprived nutrient solution. The distribution profiles according to the position on the stem of the –N laminas stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, photosynthetic rate (1st-group) were monitored, along with the corresponding profiles of dry mass, water amount, water content, length, surface area, and specific surface area (2nd-group), relative to control. In the uppermost –N laminas, the changes within a parameter of the 1st-group were significantly higher and of the 2nd-group significantly lower than the control, respectively. Correlations of the corresponding values among the parameters of the 1st-or 2nd-group were linear. The parameters between groups correlated non-linearly. Transpiration rate was divided by the lamina’s dry mass correlated with surface area in a power-type function. The slopes of the response ratios linear relations between the various pairs of parameters could be used for simulation of a lamina’s response to the deprivation.

关键词： N-Deprivation Hydroponics Zea mays Stomatal Conductance Transpiration Rate Photosynthetic Rate Response Ratios

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Comparison of the S-, N- or P-Deprivations’ Impacts on Stomatal Conductance, Transpiration and Photosynthetic Rate of Young Maize Leaves

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第8期3卷 1058-1065页

作者： Dimitris L. Bouranis Styliani N. Chorianopoulou Alexandros Dionias Giouli Sofianou Aristotelis Thanasoulas Georgios Liakopoulos dimosthenis nikolopoulos Plant Physiology Laboratory Division of Plant Biology Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Agricultural University of Athens Athens Greece.

Seven-day-old maize (Zea mays) plants were grown hydroponically for ten days in deprived nutrient solutions against the corresponding control grown under full nutrition;the effects of S-, N- or P-deprivation on laminas’ mean stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (E) and photosynthetic rate (A) were monitored, along with the impact on the laminas’ total dry mass (DM), water amount (W), length and surface area (Sa). Furthermore, a time series analysis of each parameter’s response ratios (Rr), i.e. the treatment’s value divided by the corresponding control’s one, was performed. Under S-deprivation, the Rr of laminas’ mean gs, E, and A presented oscillations within a ±15% fluctuation zone, notably the “control” zone, whilst those of laminas’ total DM, water amount, surface area, and length included oscillation during the first days and deviation later on, presenting deviation during d10. Under the N-deprivation conditions all Rr time courses except the A one, included early deviations from the control zone without recovering. The deviation from the control zone appeared at d4. Under P-deprivation, all Rr time courses represented oscillations within the control zone. P-deprivation’s patterns resembled those of S-deprivation. Compared to the one of the S-deprivation, the P-one’s oscillations took place within a broader zone. Linear relationships among the various Rr patterns were found between gs-E, gs-A, E-A, DM-W and DM-Sa. In conclusion, the impact of P-deprivation appeared in an early stage and included an alleviation action, the one of N-deprivation appeared early with no alleviation action, whilst that of S-deprivation appeared later, being rather weaker when compared to the impact of the P-deprivation’s impact.

关键词： S-Deprivation N-Deprivation P-Deprivation Hydroponics Zea Mays Stomatal Conductance Transpiration Rate Photosynthetic Rate Response Ratios Fluctuation Analysis

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