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comparison of Survey Sampling Methods for Estimation of Vaccination coverage in an Urban Setup of Assam, India

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Health 2015年第11期7卷 1578-1590页

作者： dilip c. Nath Bhushita Patowari Department of Statistics Gauhati University Guwahati India

Background: Immunization averts a large number of children in each year. The burden of vaccine preventable diseases remains high in developing countries compared to developed countries. To overcome from this burden different types of immunization programs have been implemented. For better immunization coverage in developing countries, considerable progress is to be made to improve the knowledge and awareness regarding importance of vaccines. In this study a compara-tive study of immunization coverage under two sampling methods has been performed. Methods: In this study variance and design effect of proportion of children vaccinated against different types of vaccines (BcG, OPV, DPT, Hepatitis B, Hib, Measles and MMR) are estimated under two stage (30 × 30) cluster and systematic sampling for comparison of these two survey sampling methods. Also the homogeneity of clusters has been tested by using chi-square test. Results: It is observed that BcG, OPV and DPT vaccination coverage is more than 90% whereas Hepatitis B, Measles, Hib and MMR vaccination coverage is between 50% - 64% only. Here systematic random sampling is more complicated than two stage (30 × 30) cluster sampling. Also the result shows that the clusters are homogeneous with respect to proportion of children vaccinated. conclusion: There is no significant difference between the two survey methodologies regarding the point estimation of vaccination coverage but estimation of variances of vaccination coverage is less in two stage (30 × 30) cluster sampling than that of the systematic sampling. Also the clusters are homogeneous. Very less improvement has been observed in case of fully vaccination coverage than the previous study. From the study it can be said that two stage (30 × 30) cluster sampling will be preferred to systematic sampling and simple random sampling method.

关键词： Vaccine coverage cluster Sampling Systematic Sampling Design Effect Marascuilo Procedure

An Epidemiological Model Investigating the Association between Mothers Nutritional Status and Low Birth Weight in India

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Health 2016年第3期8卷 251-261页

作者： Dharmendra Kumar Dubey dilip c. Nath Department of Statistics Gauhati University Guwahati India

Introduction: Low birth weight (LBW) is the dominating risk factor for infant morbidity and mortality. LBW infants were three times more likely than normal birth weight infants to have neuro developmental complications and congenital abnormalities. The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined the term Low Birth Weight (LBW) as birth weight less than 2500 grams. Objective: To develop epidemiological model investigating the association between mother’s nutritional status and low birth weight in India. Data and Methods: Third round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3) data collected during 2005-2006 is used for this study. This data provides a comprehensive picture of population and health conditions in India. To check the association between variables coefficient of contingency was calculated and multivariable logistic regression model was applied to check independent effect of covariates. Univariate, bivariate and multivariable logistics regression model has been developed to investigate the association between mother’s nutritional status and low birth weight in India. Adjusted odds ratios were calculated with 95% confidence interval. conclusion: The prevalence of low birth weight was observed high among those women who were underweight, anemic, never visited for any ANc checkup. Emphasis needs to be given to maternal nutritional factors which are more persistent across India than the impact of other factors on birth weight. This can be done by selectively targeting interventions to improve nutrition.

关键词： Low Birth Weight BMI Anemia ANc

Analysis of carbon Nanotubes Produced by Pyrolysis of composite Film of Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) and Modified Fly Ash

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2012年第2期3卷 103-109页

作者： dilip c. D. Nath Veena Sahajwalla 不详

We determined the catalytic function of chemically modified fly ash (MFA) for the growth of carbon nanotube (cNT) ropes with ~54% yield by the pyrolysis of the composite film of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) at 500°c for 10 min under 2 L/min flow of nitrogen. Fly ash was treated with 2M sodium hydroxide to have MFA and used with PVA to fabricate the composite film by aqua casting. cNT was analyzed using SEM, TEM, XPS and Raman spectroscopy. The growths of cNT on MFA surfaces were visualized with different geometric self-assembly, e.g., bundles of cNT in ropes, twisted ropes, Y-branch ropes and staked-cone sheet. Thus, the mixtures of cNT ropes and MFA are a potential filler material for fabricating composites with polymer and metal.

关键词： Poly (Vinly Alcohol) Fly Ash carbon Nanotube and Self-Assembly

Does the Availability of community Health Worker/Mobile-Health Van Unit within the community Impacts Neonatal Survival?

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Open Journal of Statistics 2017年第5期7卷 803-814页

作者： Ajay Pandey dilip c. Nath Richa Sharma Population Research centre University of Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India Department of Statistics University of Guwahati Assam India National Institute of Labour Economics Research and Development Delhi India

This study uses the data from the National Family Health Survey round-2. Using hierarchical linear models the role of community level variables in predicting neonatal deaths at individual level is analyzed. SAS sub-routine PROc GLIMMIX is used for hierarchical linear modeling. Findings re-enforce the importance of mother’s literacy and tetanus toxid vaccination during pregnancy in predicting neonatal deaths at individual level. At community level, though the magnitude of the presence of either a private doctor, or a visiting doctor, or a village guide, or a traditional health attendant, or the presence of mobile health van unit within community is in an expected direction, the effect is statistically not significant. In order to capture true impact of community level intervention of program success it is imperative that the large demographic surveys should incorporate more and more community level indicators while designing these surveys.

关键词： Neonatal Deaths Mother’s Literacy Tetanus Toxid Injections

A Modified Epidemic chain Binomial Model

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Open Journal of Statistics 2016年第1期6卷 1-6页

作者： dilip c. Nath Kishore K. Das Tandrima chakraborty Department of Statistics Gauhati University Guwahati India

Discrete epidemic models are applied to describe the physical phenomena of spreading infectious diseases in a household. In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop a modified epidemic chain model by assuming a beta distribution of third kind for the probability of being infected by contact with a given infective from the same household with closed population. This paper emphasizes mainly on developing the probabilities of all possible epidemic chains with one introductory case for three, four and five member household. The key phenomenon towards developing this paper is to provide an alternative model of chain binomial model.

关键词： Beta Distribution Infection Susceptible

Growth of carbon Nanotubes by Pyrolysis of composite Film of Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) and Modified Fly Ash

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2012年第2期3卷 120-124页

作者： dilip c. D. Nath Veena Sahajwalla 不详

We found carbon nanotube (cNT) materials by the pyrolysis of the composite film of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) reinforced with modified fly ash (FA) at 500°c for 10 min under 2 L/min flow of nitrogen. Fly ash was treated with 2M sodium hydroxide and used with PVA to fabricate the composite film by aqua casting. cNT materials were analyzed using XPS, Raman, SEM and TEM. The admixtures of cNT materials and FA are a potential filler material for fabricating composites with polymer and metal. The process is an eco-friendly recycling paradigm for using value-added advanced products for the proper management of sustainable waste materials, plastic and FA.

关键词： Poly (Vinly Alcohol) Modified Fly Ash composite and carbon Nanotube

A Modified Epidemic chain Binomial Model (MEcBM) and Its 2,3-Introductory Probabilities

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Open Journal of Statistics 2017年第2期7卷 225-239页

作者： dilip c. Nath Kishore K. Das Tandrima chakraborty Administration Assam University Silchar India Department of Statistics Gauhati University Guwahati India

Through the ages, human life and happiness are affected much by wide spread diseases, an unpredictable phenomenon. And infectious disease spread is one of the most unsolvable problems. How infection evolves, how it spreads from person to person and mainly which pattern it follows are some questions which are always unanswerable. Out of many techniques, discrete epidemic models like the chain binomial model are ones which are applied to describe the physical phenomena of spreading infectious diseases in a household. In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop a modified epidemic chain model by assuming a beta distribution of third kind for the probability of being infected by contact with a given infection from the same household with closed population. This paper emphasized mainly on developing the probabilities of all possible epidemic chains with two introductory cases for three-, four- and five-member household and three introductory cases for four- and five-member household. The key phenomenon towards developing this paper was to provide an extension of the modified chain binomial model and its possible probabilities.

关键词： Beta Distribution Infection Susceptible

Irrational drug use-a pilot prescription study from calicut,Kerala

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海南医学院学报 2009年第12期15卷 1512-1515页

作者： dilip c Saraswathi R Krishnan PN Vinod thomas Sanal dev Prasanth NV Subashpillai Al Shifa college Of Pharmacy

Objective:To describe the prescribing behavior of the physician in Kerala,and to describe types and number of medicine prescribed by doctors so as to rationalize the prescription writing habits of ***: A six month study was done to define the pattern of drug use in Medical college hospital,calicut. The data and the other important aspects of study were collected by personal interview,questionnaires meant for doctors and prescription monitoring Performa for the patients issued by WHO. The findings of survey were critically ***: The results indicated that majority of doctors prescribed on the basis of patient's history,patient's feed back report,drug availability,brand cost,quality of drug and ADRs. All the interviewed doctors looked upon the side effects. It was found that individual drugs were prescribed more than fixed dose combinations (85.6%). Out of these 71.5% were prescribed as branded and 28.5% as generic. The demographic data,like name,age,sex,disease diagnosis were available on all the patient health care cards and these constituted an essential part of the prescription particularly age and sex being an important in deciding the dose preference for patients. Socio economically most patients were found to be in the grade ⅡI (Population below poverty line). During the study of drug related parameters,doses were mentioned only in 80% of the prescription. But duration of the drug therapy was found to be only 30%.These indicated the irrational use of prescription. Branded drugs prescribed were found to be 71.5%,which showed a trend towards a good prescription habit. The results indicated the rational use of ***: The survey reveales that most of the doctors in Medical college hospital,calicut are maintaining rational use of drugs and their prescription writing habits was found to be good.

关键词：医生医师医学临床

Energy Demand for 21st century and Present PV cost Analysis

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Energy Demand for 21st Century and Present PV Cost Analysis