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Numerical modelling of reinforced concrete flexural members strengthened using textile reinforced mortars

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第4期17卷 649-668页

作者： Naveen Revanna charles K.S.Moy Department of Civil Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Externally bonded(EB)and near-surface mounted(NSM)bonding are two widely adopted and researched strengthening methods for reinforced-concrete *** composite substrates are easy to reach and repair using appropriate surface treatments,whereas NSM techniques can be easily applied to the soffit and concrete member *** EB bonded fiber-reinforced polymer(FRP)technique has a significant drawback:combustibility,which calls for external protective agents,and textile reinforced mortar(TRM),a class of EB composites that is noncombustible and provides a similar functionality to any EB FRP-strengthened *** study employs a finite element analysis technique to investigate the failing failure of carbon textile reinforced mortar(CTRM)-strengthened reinforced concrete *** principal objective of this numerical study was to develop a finite element model and validate a set of experimental data in existing literature.A set of seven beams was modelled and calibrated to obtain concrete damage plasticity(CDP)*** predicted results,which were in the form of load versus deflection,load versus rebar strain,tensile damage,and compressive damage patterns,were in good agreement with the experimental ***,a parametric study was conducted to verify the applicability of the numerical model and study various influencing factors such as the concrete strength,internal reinforcement,textile roving spacing,and externally-applied load *** ultimate load and deflection of the predicted finite element results had a coefficient of variation(COV)of 6.02%and 5.7%,respectively.A strain-based numerical comparison with known methods was then conducted to investigate the debonding *** developed finite element model can be applied and tailored further to explore similar TRM-strengthened beams undergoing debonding,and the preventive measures can be sought to avoid premature debonding.

关键词： fiber reinforced polymer textile reinforced mortar finite element analysis concrete damage plasticity calibration and validation parametric study

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Tumor microenvironment in lung cancer-derived brain metastasis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第15期135卷 1781-1791页

作者： Wenwen Liu charles A Powell Qi Wang Translational Research Center for Lung Cancer The Second HospitalDalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoning 116023China Division of Pulmonary Crtical Careand Sleep MedicineIcahn Schol of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA Department of Respiratory Medicine The Second HospitalDalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoning 116023China.

Brain metastasis(BM)is the leading cause of mortality in lung cancer *** process of BM(from initial primary tumor development,migration and intravasation,dissemination and survival in the bloodstream,extravasation,to colonization and growth to metastases)is a complex process for which few tumor cells complete the entire *** research on BM of lung cancer has recently stressed the essential role of tumor microenvironment(TME)in assisting tumor cells in the completion of each BM *** review summarizes recent studies regarding the effects of TME on tumor cells in the entire process of BM derived from lung *** identification of vulnerable targets in the TME and their prospects to provide novel therapeutic opportunities are also discussed.

关键词： Lung cancer Brain metastasis Tumor microenvironment

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Extreme Weather Loss and Damage Estimation Using a Hybrid Simulation Technique

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第4期13卷 592-601页

作者： charles Doktycz Mark Abkowitz Hiba Baroud School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235USA

History has shown that occurrences of extreme weather are becoming more frequent and with greater impact,regardless of one's geographical *** a risk analysis setting,what will happen,how likely it is to happen,and what are the consequences,are motivating questions searching for *** help address these considerations,this study introduced and applied a hybrid simulation model developed for the purpose of improving understanding of the costs of extreme weather events in the form of loss and damage,based on empirical data in the contiguous United *** results are encouraging,showing on average a mean cost estimate within 5%of the historical *** creates opportunities to improve the accuracy in estimating the expected costs of such events for a specific event type and geographic *** turn,by having a more credible price point in determining the cost-effectiveness of various infrastructure adaptation strategies,it can help in making the business case for resilience investment.

关键词： Climate change Cost estimation Extreme weather Loss and damage Loss normalization Monte Carlo simulation

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中国电影中的老年形象和现实美学

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文学与文化 2024年第2期 88-98页

作者： [美]罗福林王岫庐(译) 美国弗吉尼亚大学中山大学外国语学院

过去二十年间,来自中国内地、中国香港、中国台湾的纪录片和叙事片都突出了衰老和死亡(即便这并非影片的主题)。这表明,自20世纪30年代中国报告文学出现以来,现实美学在中国现代文化中一直发挥着作用。影片中的现实美学抵消了流行文化... 详细信息

过去二十年间,来自中国内地、中国香港、中国台湾的纪录片和叙事片都突出了衰老和死亡(即便这并非影片的主题)。这表明,自20世纪30年代中国报告文学出现以来,现实美学在中国现代文化中一直发挥着作用。影片中的现实美学抵消了流行文化和主流叙事电影中的社会镇痛效应,给观众一种“真实性检验”。这种检验削弱了美学的意识形态,纠正了主流话语中老龄化和许多与老龄化相关的、颇为敏感的问题。本文比较了口头报告文学中的美学与电影的视觉语言之间的差异,以及老年形象如何阐明这些差异。从流行文化的角度来看,年老体弱的形象恰恰代表了商业娱乐不想看到或展示的东西;他们体现了真实性和社会现实,迫使观众思考不容忽视的问题以及只有老年人才能体现的历史。

关键词：老年人纪录片现实美学

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Non-exercise estimated cardiorespiratory fitness and cancer incidence:The NIH-AARP diet and health study

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运动与健康科学(英文) 2023年第6期12卷 739-746页

作者： Baruch Vainshelboim Jonathan Myers charles EMatthews Center for Tobacco Research Division of Medical OncologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43214USA Cardiology Division Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System/Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCA 94304USA Metabolic Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteRockvilleMD 20850USA

Background Non-exercise estimated cardiorespiratory fitness(NEE-CRF)has been shown to be associated with mortality,although its association with cancer incidence is *** study aimed to assess the prospective association between NEE-CRF and cancer incidence in a large cohort of men and *** The National Institutes of Health-American Association of Retired Persons diet and health study is a prospective cohort that included 402,548 participants aged 50–71 years who were free from cancer at baseline(1995–1996)(men(n=238,835)and women(n=163,713))and were followed until December 31,*** exposure variable was NEE-CRF expressed in metabolic ***-CRF was estimated using a validated equation of self-reported predictors on demographics and lifestyle behaviors derived from baseline *** outcomes were total cancer incidence and incidence of prostate,breast,lung,and colorectal *** proportional hazards models were analyzed for the association between NEE-CRF and cancer incidence outcomes adjusted for established cancer risk *** During 13.7±3.2 years of follow-up(mean±SD),64,344 men and 31,315 women developed a new *** every 1-metabolic equivalent higher NEE-CRF,the hazard ratios and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)were 0.96(95%CI:0.94–0.97)and 0.88(95%CI:0.84–0.92)of total and colorectal cancer incidence among men,and 0.95(95%CI:0.93–0.97)and 0.94(95%CI:0.91–0.97)of total and breast cancer incidence among women,respectively(all p<0.001).NEE-CRF was not associated with incidence of prostate and lung cancers in men or colorectal and lung cancers in *** These results suggest that higher CRF levels,as assessed by the applied non-exercise estimated method,may provide preventive benefits against the development of cancer,while low CRF could potentially serve as a modifiable cancer risk *** NEE-CRF into screening paradigms and referring low-fit individuals to improve CRF could complemen

关键词： Aerobic capacity Breast cancer Cancer risk Colorectal cancer VO_(2max)

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Textures and Rare Earth Elements Composition of Banded Iron Formations (BIF) at Njweng Prospect, Mbalam Iron Ore District, Southern Cameroon

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International Journal of Geosciences 2013年第1期4卷 146-165页

作者： dieudonne charles Isidore ilouga Cheo Emmanuel Suh Ghogomu Richard Tanwi Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Economic Geology Unit Department of Geology and Environmental Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon

The REE signature of banded iron formations (BIF) and martite-goethite mineralization of the Njweng ridge (South Cameroon) are used here to decipher the nature of the ocean during the period of BIF precipitation. The textures of typical BIF categories are also presented as the only sedimentary feature. Two types of BIF facies are present at Njweng: the oxide and silicate facies. These facies show two stages of phase transformations. The first is the transformation of the original magnetite mineral into martite by oxidation resulting in trellis texture;the second is a simultaneous transformation by hydration into goethite and dehydration into martite. The samples typically show LREE depleted patterns relative to HREE, a characteristic similar to that of modern seawater. Also the strong positive Eu anomalies from the samples indicate the involvement of hydrothermal plumes of volcanic origin such as at mid ocean ridges (MOR). Yttrium (Y) has a strong positive anomaly pointing to the transportation of REEs as aqueous complexes within these ancient seas. The BIF samples have no positive Ce anomalies, suggesting that the oceans at that time were more reducing with no Ce fractionation than in present day oceans. The martite-goethite mineralization rather shows a positive Ce anomaly that derived from the enrichment in REE during the weathering of REE-bearing minerals. These results are integrated into existing literature on REE in BIFs worldwide and provide new insights into these heretofore unstudied BIFs of the northern edge of the Congo Craton.

关键词： REE BIF Martite Magnetite Alteration Njweng Cameroon

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Hydrometallurgical detoxification and recycling of electric arc furnace dust

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第11期30卷 2076-2094页

作者： Yang Xue Xiaoming Liu Chunbao(charles)Xu Yonghui Han State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Chemical&Biochemical Engineering Western UniversityLondonON N6A 5B9Canada Hebei Technology Innovation Centre of Solid Wastes Utilization Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050091China

Electric arc furnace dust(EAFD)is a hazardous waste but can also be a potential secondary resource for valuable metals,such as Zn and *** the increased awareness of carbon emission reduction,energy conservation,and environmental protection,hydrometallurgical technologies for the detoxification and resource use of EAFD have been developing *** work summarizes the generation mechanisms,compositions,and characteristics of EAFD and presents a critical review of various hydrometallurgical treatment methods for EAFD,e.g.,acid leaching,alkaline leaching,salt leaching,and pretreatment–enhanced leaching ***,the phase transformation mechanisms of zinc-containing components in acid and alkali solutions and pretreatment processes are ***,two novel combined methods,i.e.,oxygen pressure sulfuric acid leaching combined with composite catalyst preparation,and synergistic roasting of EAFD and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash combined with alkaline leaching,are proposed,which can provide future development directions to completely recycling EAFD by recovering valuable metals and using zinc residue.

关键词： hazardous waste recycling separation zinc hydrometallurgical technologies

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Hybrid Cellular Automaton-Parabolic Thick Needle model for equiaxed dendritic solidification

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第29期124卷 26-40页

作者： Romain Fleurisson Oriane Senninger Gildas Guillemot charles-André Gandin MINES ParisTech PSL Research UniversityCEMEF UMR CNRS 7635CS1020706904 Sophia AntipolisFrance

A hybrid Cellular Automaton(CA)-Parabolic Thick Needle(PTN)model is developed for the simulation of an equiaxed dendritic *** is implemented by solving conservation equations with the Finite Element(FE)method at two *** the scale of the microstructure,dendritic branches are approximated by a network of *** solute field is computed in the liquid using a FE mesh with minimum size smaller than the diffusion length ahead of the dendrite tips,giving access to a detailed description of each dendrite tip growth velocity as well as solutal interactions between *** the simulation domain scale,volume averaged heat and solute transfers are solved on a coarser FE *** average volumetric fraction of phases is deduced from a field giving the fraction of dendritic microstructure together with a microsegregation *** the PTN themselves grow on CA cells,the dendrite tip growth velocity is transferred to the vertices of the polygon associated to the CA growth ***,the field giving the fraction of dendritic microstructure is deduced from the fraction of CA cells part of the mushy zone,which include cells containing PTN *** of the new multiple scale CAPTN model include solutal interaction between dendrite branches together with long range transfer of heat and solute mass,together with the role of latent heat release on equiaxed solidification.

关键词： Solidification Dendrite growth law Multiscale Finite element method

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农业现代化与集体记忆——以“50品·城”项目为例

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风景园林 2024年第5期31卷 131-143页

作者：查尔斯·瓦尔德海姆李书畅(译) 王晞月(校) 哈佛大学设计研究生院哈佛大学城市化办公室北京林业大学园林学院《北京园林》编辑部

【目的】中国的快速城市化是以牺牲乡村农业为代价的。随着中国的城市化,乡村和乡村景观已受到环境退化、经济差距和社会不平等的影响。为了应对这些挑战,中国提出了一系列乡村规划和改革方案。然而,美国农业现代化的历史表明这些乡村... 详细信息

【目的】中国的快速城市化是以牺牲乡村农业为代价的。随着中国的城市化,乡村和乡村景观已受到环境退化、经济差距和社会不平等的影响。为了应对这些挑战,中国提出了一系列乡村规划和改革方案。然而,美国农业现代化的历史表明这些乡村改革项目或将带来文化湮灭和环境破坏的风险。“50品·城”这一项目为中国的农业现代化和农业新城镇规划提供了一种新模式,通过详细解读中国农业历史和乡村生活,为当前重要的经济、环境和社会改革提供支持。【方法/过程】“50品·城”基于中国各地多样的烹饪手法和传统作物,从中选取50个最重要、最珍贵和最濒危的案例,提出以“一个城镇,一种作物”的经济一体化为基础,在中国各地建立50个小规模农业新城镇的构想。每个农业新城镇的建设都依托于一种特定的具有烹饪文化价值的传统作物及以其为核心的农业生态系统,在保护中国极具代表性的烹饪文化的同时,调和农业现代化、经济一体化和提高生活质量之间的冲突。【结果/结论】关于“50品·城”的构想既能达成提升乡村生活品质的发展目标,同时又不破坏历经数百年形成的农业与烹饪文化遗产所承载的集体回忆。

关键词：农业现代化新城镇规划文化遗产烹饪遗产集体记忆景观都市主义生态都市主义农业城市主义

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A Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Blood Flow and Solute Transport in One-Dimensional Vessel Networks

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2022年第2期4卷 500-529页

作者： Rami Masri charles Puelz Beatrice Riviere Department of Computational and Applied Mathematics Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77005USA Department of Pediatrics-Cardiology Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA

This paper formulates an efficient numerical method for solving the convection diffusion solute transport equations coupled to blood flow equations in vessel *** reduced coupled model describes the variations of vessel cross-sectional area,radially averaged blood momentum and solute concentration in large vessel *** the discretization of the reduced transport equation,we combine an interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin method in space with a novel locally implicit time stepping *** stability and the convergence are *** results show the impact of the choice for the steady-state axial velocity profile on the numerical solutions in a fifty-five vessel network with physiological boundary data.

关键词： Reduced models Blood flow Solute transport Coriolis coefficient Vessel networks Junction conditions Locally implicit

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