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Helicobacter pylori Virulence Genes cagA, babA2, and vacA Detection in Dyspeptic Patients from Burkina Faso

American Journal of Molecular Biology 2023年第3期13卷 141-155页

作者： Tegwinde Rebeca Compaore Kalifou Traore Nômawendé Ines Compaore Lassina Traore Sylvie Zida Serge Theophile Soubeiga Dinanibe Kambire Jean Claude R. P. ouedraogo Aminata Dickel Sidibe Yasmine Astrid Sana Tani Sagna Wendkuuni Florencia Djigma Henri Gautier ouedraogo Jacques Simpore Département Biomédical et Santee Publique Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie et de Génétique Moléculaire (LABIOGENE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Clinique El Fateh-Suka Service de médecine et de spécialités médicales Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Département de Médecine et de Pharmacopée Traditionnelle Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The diverse clinical presentation of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection results from the interaction between bacterial virulence, host genetics, socio-demographic and environmental factors. This study aimed to characterize Helicobacter pylori virulence genes and the associated behavioral factors among dyspeptic patients in Burkina Faso. Two hundred and fifty (250) stool samples were collected from patients with dyspepsia seen at health centers in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted using a commercial kit. Virulence genes were detected using conventional multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction with specific primers. The overall prevalence of Helicobacter pylori of the 250 participants was 91.20%. CagA virulence gene was present among 20.19% of individuals, while babA2 and vacA were detected respectively among 9.65% and 67.54% of the population positive for Helicobacter pylori. Among vacA subtypes, vacAs1 was the most frequent, with 39.04%, followed by vacAi1 (19.74%), vacAi2 (17.54%), and vacAs2 with 10.96%. Regarding vacAm1 and vacAm2, they were less frequent at 6.14% each. “Handwashing three times or less per day” significantly increased the risk of having vacAi2 allele and H. pylori rRNA16s, with p-values of 0.013 and 0.020, respectively. The consumption of non-tap water increases the risk of carrying the cagA virulence gene. Additionally, H. pylori-positive patients living with more than four (4) people in their household had about two times the risk of having the vacAs1 allele. The present study shows the detection of Helicobacter pylori cagA, vacA subtypes, and babA2 by stool a PCR method in Burkina Faso. The strong association between sanitary habits and virulence factors depicts the composite interaction between ecological factors, gastric mucosa, and bacteria. Therefore, the synergic action of these factors should be considered when aiming for bacterial eradication and gastric pathology cure.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Stool cagA babA2 vacA

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Quality of Life of Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis with Questionnaire OAKHQOL (OsteoArthritis of Knee Hip Quality of Life) in Rheumatology Consultation in Burkina Faso (West Africa)

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2014年第4期4卷 219-225页

作者： dieu-donné Ouédraogo Joelle Tiendrébéogo Zabsonré Aimé Davy Sèvy Kenagnon Fulgence Kaboré Christian Compaoré Youssouf Joseph Drabo Xavier Chevalier Department of Rheumatology Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Rheumatology Unit International Polyclinic of Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Internal Medicine Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Rheumatology Henri Mondor University Hospital Paris France

Objective: To study the quality of life of patients with knee OA with the questionnaire OAKHQOL (OsteoArthritis of Knee Hip Quality Of Life). Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study over a period of six months, in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. All patients met the clinical and radiological criteria of the ACR. The OAKHQOL questionnaire was used to investigate the quality of life of patients. Results: One hundred and six patients were included. There were 94 (88.7%) women and 12 (11.3%) men with a sex ratio of 0.12. The average age of patients was 55 ± 10.4 years. The average pain intensity was 55.1 ± 22.4. The majority of patients (69.8%) had stage 3 of Kellgren and Lawrence classification. The dimension “pain” had the lowest normalized score (60.6). There was a significant correlation between the age range of 30 to 40 years and declining mental health (49.5) . The patients with over 60 years of age had a decrease in pain tolerance and reduced social activities. Lequesne score was associated with severe all dimensions except “social support” of the patient. Conclusion: The knee has an impact on quality of life of patients followed in rheumatology by OAKHQOL questionnaire.

关键词： Quality of Life Osteoarthritis Knee Psychometrics Africa

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Evaluation of CT Scans Reports in Pancreatic Tumors at Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2022年第4期12卷 180-189页

作者： ouedraogo Nina-Astrid Bambara Augustin Tozoula Louguet Alimata Tall Mohamed Kambou Tiemtore Benilde Marie Ange Diallo Ousseini Cisse Rabiou Laboratory of Radiodiagnosis and Medical Imaging Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences Joseph Ki Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Radiology Department University Hospital of Bogodogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Cancerology Department Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Radiology Department Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: There are no recommendations for the use of standardised CT reports in oncology in our country. The aim of this study was to evaluate CT reports of pancreatic tumors in the city of Ouagadougou. Materials and Methods: Descriptive, multicenter, cross-sectional study conducted from 1st January 2013 to 31 December 2021. It concerned CT scan reports from five public and private imaging centers in the city of Ouagadougou. During the study period, 41 reports of pancreatic tumors were collected. We evaluated the reports using the standardized model developed by the Society of Abdominal Radiology and the American Pancreatic Association as a reference. Results: CT scan reports were not standardised. The writing style was free. Concerning the lesion, the aspect of the tumor at the pancreatic time was the item with the least information (24.4%). The status of the superior mesenteric artery was mentioned in 17%, the celiac trunk and the portal trunk in 12.2% of cases and 9.7% for the superior mesenteric vein. No report noted the appearance of the common hepatic artery. The status of the lymph nodes, liver and peritoneal cavity was mentioned in all reports. The exact location of the lymph nodes was not specified. The analysis of the reports classified them into two groups: potentially resectable tumours in the absence of secondary locations in 31.7% of cases and locally advanced tumours or presence of metastases in 68.3% of cases. Conclusion: The CT reports were not standardized. The items allowing evaluating the loco-regional extension of the tumor were the least specified. This may suggest the high rate of potentially resectable tumours in our study.

关键词： Pancreatic Cancer CT Scan Report Ouagadougou

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Impact of Improved Cookstoves on the Level of Household Exposure to CO and PM_2.5 in Sub-Saharan Cities: The Case of the City of Ouagadougou

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2023年第2期12卷 50-66页

作者： Lucmane Koala Kayaba Haro Ousmane Coulibaly Bernard Nana Issoufou Ouarma Edwige ouedraogo Tizane Daho Oumar Sanogo Antoine Béré Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l’Environnement (LPCE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologie (IRSAT) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut Des Sciences (IDS) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Air pollution is one of the major global threats to human health. In Burkina Faso, more than 80% of the population uses solid fuels as the main source of cooking energy. This paper reports a comparative study on the exposure of household to the carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM2.5) emitted by improved cookstoves (ICS) or traditional cookstoves (TCS). A cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Ouagadougou for 4 months during the rainy season (July to October) in households with an outdoor kitchen. The investigation involved 92 households where air pollutants, such as PM2.5 and CO were measured with Indoor Air Pollution Meters (IAP meter). These measurements were focused on the concentration levels of the pollutants during cooking. The results of this study show high levels of PM2.5 and CO for all type of stoves. Wood stoves led to higher PM2.5 and lower CO emissions than charcoal stoves. ICS reduce emissions of indoor air pollutants compared to TCS. This reduction raised up to 82% for PM2.5 and 37% for CO. The analysis of the data measured with the student test (t-test) shows that there is a statistically significant difference between the average values of the concentrations of the pollutants emitted with the TCS compared to ICS, except for CO emissions measured on multi-pot sizes cookstoves (MM). This study shows that the concentrations of indoor air pollutants are very high regardless of the type of cookstoves used. The CO exposure obtained varies from 119.10 to 362.72 μg/m3 for 15-minute and 10.83 - 55.11 μg/m3 for 1-hour exposure. The exposure in PM2.5 varies from 4762 to 16,257 μg/m3 for 15-minute and 106.63 to 1597 μg/m3 for 1-hour of exposure. It was noted that the CO exposure levels obtained over 15-minute of exposure are 1.36 to 4.15 times higher than the WHO recommendation and 1.8 times higher for an exposure time of one hou

关键词： Biomass Cookstove Particulate Matters Carbon Monoxide

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Ankylosing Spondylitis in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Series of 48 Cases Reported in Burkina Faso (West Africa)

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2018年第3期8卷 87-92页

作者： Wendlassida Joelle Zabsonre Tiendrebeogo Serge Aime Sawadogo Fulgence Kabore Alain Ilboudo Charles Sougue Enselme Zongo Camille Sompougdou Moussa Ouédraogo Evariste Tiendrebeogo dieu-donne ouedraogo Rheumatology Department Bogodogo District Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université Ouaga I Pr Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Basic and Mixed Sciences Université Ouaga I Pr Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: Ankylosing spondylitis is rare in sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of our study was to report cases of AS in a black African population and to see the influence of gender. Method: It was a retrospective study conducted in the Rheumatology Department of Ouagadougou University Hospital, Ouagadougou, from March 2006 to February 28, 2015 for a period of nine years. All the patients who went under a rheumatology consultation during the study period were included. Patients with AS defined by the modified New York criteria were selected. Result: Forty-eight (0.61%) cases of AS were diagnosed among 7806 patients received in the rheumatology department during the study period. The search for the HLA B27 antigen in 20 patients was positive in 11 (55%). Half of the patients (50%) had a BASDAI score ≥ 4. Sacroiliitis was observed in all patients;it was stage 4 in 8 patients. Comparing by sex, there was no statistically significant difference by gender. Conclusion: Prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis increases. The presentation is similar to that of the caucasian series.

关键词： Ankylosing Spondylitis Black African Gender

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L1 Existence and Uniqueness of Entropy Solutions to Nonlinear Multivalued Elliptic Equations with Homogeneous Neumann Boundary Condition and Variable Exponent

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Journal of Partial Differential Equations 2014年第1期27卷 1-27页

作者： OUARO Stanislas ouedraogo Arouna Universite de Ouagadougou Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliquees Departement de Mathematiques B.P.7021 Ouagadougou 03 Burkina Faso.

In this work, we study the following nonlinear homogeneous Neumann boundary value problem beta(u)-diva(x, del u) (sic) f in Omega, a(x, del u).eta = 0 on partial derivative Omega, where Omega is a smooth bounded open domain in R-N, N >= 3 with smooth boundary partial derivative Omega and eta the outer unit normal vector on partial derivative Omega. We prove the existence and uniqueness of an entropy solution for L-1-data f. The functional setting involves Lebesgue and Sobolev spaces with variable exponent.

关键词： Elliptic equation variable exponent entropy solution L-1-data Neumann boundary condition SPACES MULTIPLICITY WEAK

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Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis in Sub-Saharan Africa

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2018年第1期8卷 1-9页

作者： Nina-Astrid Nde ouedraogo Souleymane ouedraogo Bénilde Marie Ange Tiemtore Kambou Adams ouedraogo Adama Sanou Service de Radiodiagnostic H&ocirc pital de District de Bogodogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences de la Santé Université Ouaga 1 Pr Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Service de Chirurgie Générale Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Blaise Compaore Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Objective: The aim of our study was to propose a solution for rationalizing requests for ultrasound examination and CT scan in suspected acute appendicitis, based on use of the Alvarado score. Patients and Methods: We included in our study all patients consulting for pain of the right iliac fossa, whatever their age and sex, who had been diagnosed with acute appendicitis and who had undergone appendectomy. We used the Alvarado scoring system, based on clinical items and laboratory measurements, to diagnose appendicitis. Results: One hundred eleven patients, of whom 77 were men (69.4%) and 34 were women (30.6%), with a sex ratio of 2:2.6, were included. Mean age was 31.29 ± 1.31 years, with a range of 1 to 81 years. The diagnosis of definite appendicitis was established in 54 patients (48.6%). Abdominal ultrasound examination had been performed in 80 patients (72.1%). It established a diagnosis of appendicitis in 69 patients (86.2%), while in 11 patients (13.8%) the appendix was described as normal or was not visualized. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated good agreement between peroperative diagnosis and the result of the Alvarado score applied a posteriori. Ultrasound was not always contributory to the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. It could be reserved for patients whose clinical and laboratory score indicated that appendicitis was unlikely.

关键词： Acute Appendicitis Diagnosis Ultrasound Examination Burkina Faso Alvarado Score

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Gene therapy for Parkinson’s Disease and Ethical Challenges: A Systematic Review

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Advances in Parkinson's Disease 2023年第2期12卷 9-28页

作者： Théodora M. Zohoncon Joseph Sawadogo Abdou Azaque Zoure Abdoul Karim Ouattara Marie N. L. ouedraogo Luc Zongo Paul ouedraogo Florencia W. Djigma Christelle W. M. Nadembèga Raphael Kabore Djénéba Ouermi Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah Jacques Simpore Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Centre (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculty of Medicine University Saint Thomas d’Aquin (USTA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Saint Camille Hospital Ouagadougou (HOSCO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Molecular Biology and Genetics Laboratory (LABIOGENE) Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Center for Scientific and Technological Research (CNRST/IRSS) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Norbert Zongo University/Manga University Centre Koudougou Burkina Faso Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medical Sciences University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex, multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder with a pathophysiology deriving from the synergy of abnormal aggregation of neuroinflammation, synuclein and dysfunction of lysosomes, mitochondria and synaptic transport difficulties influenced by genetic and idiopathic factors. Worldwide, PD has a prevalence of 2-3% in people over the age of 65. To date, there is no certified, effective treatment for PD. Aim: The aims of this research were: (i) to present, on the basis of recent advances in molecular genetics and epigenetics, the genomic aspects and challenges of gene therapy trials for PD;(ii) to outline the ethical principles applicable to therapeutic trials for PD. Method: A systematic literature review was carried out to identify relevant articles reporting on genomic aspects and gene therapy in PD from 2001 to October 2023. The search was conducted in French and/or English in three databases: PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct. PRISMA guidelines were used in this systematic review. Results: A total of thirty-three publications were selected. An inductive thematic analysis revealed that numerous genetic mutations (SNCA, Parkin, PINK1, DJ-1, LRRK2, ATP13A2, VPS35, Parkin/PRKN, PINK1, DJ1/PARK7) and epigenetic events such as the action of certain miRNAs (miR-7, miR-153, miR-133b, miR-124, miR-137) are responsible for the onset of PD, and that genetic therapy for this pathology raises ethical questions that need to be elucidated in the light of the bioethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice. Conclusion: There is no zero risk in biotechnology. Then, it will be necessary to assess all the potential risks of Parkinson disease’s gene therapy to make the right decision. It is therefore essential to pursue research and, with the guidance of ethics, to advance treatment options and meet the challenges of brain manipulation and its impact on human identity. The golden rule of medicine remai

关键词： Neurodegenerative Diseases Parkinson Disease Molecular Mechanism Gene Therapy Gene Therapy Ethics

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Experimental Evaluating of the Physical, Mechanical and Durability Properties of Natural, Recycled and Both Combined Aggregates Based Concretes

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2023年第3期14卷 117-141页

作者： Etienne Malbila Arba A.T. ouedraogo Nicolas Kagambega Gilbert G. Nana Sié Kam David Y. K. Toguyeni Ecole Supérieure d’Ingénierie (ESI) Université de Fada N’Gourma (UFDG) Fada-N’Gourma Burkina Faso Laboratoire d’Energies Thermiques Renouvelables (LETRE) Université Joseph KI ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Géosciences et Environnement (LaGE) Université Joseph KI ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement (LPCE) Université Joseph KI ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ecole Polytechnique de Ouagadougou (EPO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This experimental study aims at the reuse of recycled aggregates (RA), resulting from the demolition of concrete, cement block and cement mortar, in the manufacture of common construction in Burkina Faso. The RA can readily replace natural aggregates in concrete. Then five formulations of natural and recycled aggregates based concrete for characteristic strength of 25 Mpa were prepared in addition to the natural aggregates base concrete named reference concrete (BN): two types of recycled aggregates concrete (BR), three types of recycles and natural combined aggregates base concrete (BC). The properties of natural and recycled aggregates were characterized and the physical, mechanical strength and durability properties were also evaluated for all concrete specimens. All the studied concrete formulation present a density between 2000 kg/m3 ≤ ρ ≥ 2600 kg/m3 and an average slump of 4.9 ± 0.1 cm. The obtained results indicate that the recycled aggregates are suitable for current concrete. Two out of the five combinations studied, such as the natural (BN) and combined aggregate (BC2) based concretes satisfy the mechanical characteristics (Rc28 > 25 MPa) at 28 days of age and an average absorption coefficient of 2.93% and 3.98%. The recycled aggregate based concrete (BR1, BR2) and combined aggregate based concrete (BC1), gave respective average compressive strength of 21.55 MPa, 20.50 MPa and 20.30 MPa, i.e. a difference of 13.80% to 18.80% under the characteristic strength (25 MPa) aimed at 28 days of age. Thus, the recycled aggregates are in conformity with the normative prescriptions and their use for standard concrete gives adequate physical, mechanical and durability properties for the production of the C20/25 concrete series in the common civil engineering applications.

关键词： Concrete Demolition Waste Aggregate Recycled Aggregate Strength Water Absorption

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Effect of a Nutrition Education Intervention on Mothers’ Infant and Young Child Feeding Knowledge and Practices in the Peri-Urban Areas of Bobo-Dioulasso: Before and after Study

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第3期14卷 175-199页

作者： Alain Hien Jérome W. Somé Roland Nâg-Tiero Meda Augustin N. Zeba Isidore Traoré Georges Anicet ouedraogo Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé Université Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Centre Muraz/Institut National de Santé Publique Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales Université Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et Technologique/Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et Technologique/Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Direction Régionale de l’Ouest Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Background: This study assessed the effect of a nutrition education intervention aiming to improve the knowledge and practices of under 5 years children’s mothers on infant and young child feeding in peri urban areas of Bobo-Dioulasso in Burkina Faso. Methods: A total of 243 mothers of children under 5 years in the peri-urban of Bobo-Dioulasso were surveyed before and after the intervention using the FAO questionnaire for infant and young child feeding (IYCF) knowledge and practices assessment in January and October 2017. The intervention included two components consisting of a theoretical phase (counselling and discussion) and cooking demonstrations implemented for ten months. To account for the before-and-after design of the study, the McNemar’s test was used to assess the effect of the intervention on mothers’ infant and young child feeding knowledge and practices. Results: The mean age of mothers was 29 ± 6.2 years and 50.6% of the mothers were between 20 and 29 years old. All indicators used to assess the mothers’ knowledge of breastfeeding and complementary feeding significantly improved after the intervention (all p-values < 0.05). In terms of child feeding practices, half of the indicators (early breastfeeding initiation, age of complementary feeding initiation, and minimum meal frequency) significantly increased (all p = 0.001) while two indicators (minimum dietary diversity, and minimum acceptable diet) did not change (p = 0.06 and 0.67) after the intervention. Finally, continued breastfeeding, significantly declined after the intervention (73.3% vs 86.0% p = 0.001). Conclusion: The intervention improved the mothers’ knowledge on breastfeeding and complementary feeding and some child feeding practices. This study provided some evidence of an effective nutrition education intervention to increase maternal knowledge and practices.

关键词： Nutrition Intervention Mothers’ Nutrition Knowledge Child Feeding Practices

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