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Lost in transition： Forest transition and natural forest loss in tropical China

Plant Diversity 2017年第3期39卷 149-153页

作者： Deli Zhai Jianchu Xu Zhicong Dai dietrich schmidt-vogt Centre for Mountain Ecosystem Studies (CMES) Kunming Institute of Botuny (CAS) Lanhei Road 132 Kunming 650201 China World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) Central and East Asia Office Lanhei Road132 Kunming 650201 China Instituteof-Environment and Ecology School of the Environment and Safety Engineering fiangsu University No. 301 Xuefu Road Zhenjiang 212013 China Mountain Societies Research Institute University of Central Asia 138 Toktogul Street Bishkek 720001 Kyrgyzstan

The term forest transition refers to a change in forest cover over a given area from a period of net forest area loss to a period of net gain. Whether transitioning from deforestation to reforestation can lead to improved ecosystem services, depends on the quality and characteristics of the newly established forest cover. Using publicly available data, we examine forest transition in two regions of tropical China: Hainan Island and Xishuangbanna. We found that the overall increase of forest cover in both areas during the1980 s was due to an increase in plantation forests rather than to increases in the area covered by natural forest. We also found a time lag between the increase in overall forest cover and an increase in natural forest. On Hainan Island, natural forest continued to decline beyond the point in time when overall forest cover had started to increase, and only began to recover ten years after the turning point in 1978. In Xishuangbanna, where the transition point occurred ten years later, the decline of natural forest cover is still going on. These divergent trends underlying forest transition are concealed by the continued practice to apply the term "forest" broadly, without distinguishing between natural forests and planted *** to the use of undiscriminating terminology, the loss of natural forest may go unnoticed, increasing the risk of plantation forests displacing natural forests in the course of forest transition. Our findings are important for programs related to forest management and ecosystem services improvement, including reforestation and Payments for Ecosystem Services programs.

关键词： Deforestation Forest transition Rubber plantation Time lag Tropical China

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People’s perception and socioeconomic determinants of soil erosion:A case study of Samanalawewa watershed, Sri Lanka

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2010年第4期25卷 323-339页

作者： E.P.N. UDAYAKUMARA R.P.SHRESTHA L.SAMARAKOON D.schmidt-vogt Natural Resource Management Field of Study School of Environment Resources and Development Asian Institute of Technology Natural Resources Management Field of Study School of Environment Resources and Development Asian Institute of Technology Geoinformatics Centre Asian Institute of Technology Centre of Mountain Ecosystem Studies Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences 3/F Library Building Heilongtan

Though soil erosion is an important concern in Sri Lanka, there is a dearth of baseline information on soil erosion in many ofits watersheds, which obstructs monitoring of soil erosion and mitigating its effects. In order to assess soil erosion in a critical watershed and to identify its determinants, the Samanalawewa watershed, which contains one of the main hydropower generating reservoirs in Sri Lanka, was selected for this study. Remote-sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) based modeling as well as field experiments were employed to assess and map soil erosion rates. Results indicated that the current rate of soil erosion ranges from 0 to 289 t/ha/yr, and that the average rate of soil erosion has been declining from 20 to 4 t/ha/yr over a period from 1986 to 2008. The current rate of soil erosion is, however, still about 14 to 33 times greater than the natural soil generation rate. Socioeconomic factors and peoples’ perception of soil erosion and soil conservation measures were examined using data collected through a household survey. Multiple regression analysis with eighteen covariates of socioeconomic characteristics yielded eleven socioeconomic variables, viz. household size, farm labor, education, land tenure, conservation cost, training, committee membership, professional competencies, income, distance, and financial capital as the predictor variables of soil erosion. Farmers identified improper soil and crop management practices as the major causes of erosion. The adoption of conservation measures, their effectiveness, and their impact on ecosystem services were also examined.

关键词： Soil erosion People perception Determinants of soil erosion Conservation measures Sri Lanka

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