检索结果-南通市图书馆

Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第4期13卷 478-488页

作者： Peter dietrich Christiane Roscher Adam Thomas Clark Nico Eisenhauer Bernhard Schmid Cameron Wagg Institute of Ecology and Evolution Friedrich-Schiller-University JenaDornburger Strasse 15907743 JenaGermany Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZurichSwitzerland Department of Physiological Diversity UFZHelmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchPermoserstrasse 1504318 LeipzigGermany German Centre of Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany Institute of Biology Leipzig UniversityDeutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany Department of Geography University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZurichSwitzerland Fredericton Research and Development Center Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada850 Lincoln RoadFrederictonNew Brunswick E3B 1P9Canada

密集的土地管理可能损害土壤生物多样性,从而危害长期的土壤生产力。丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)通过与植物专一性的共生关系,在促进土壤生产力方面发挥着关键作用。然而,目前尚不清楚植物群落的性质,特别是植物物种丰富度和组成如何影响土壤中AM... 详细信息

密集的土地管理可能损害土壤生物多样性,从而危害长期的土壤生产力。丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)通过与植物专一性的共生关系,在促进土壤生产力方面发挥着关键作用。然而,目前尚不清楚植物群落的性质,特别是植物物种丰富度和组成如何影响土壤中AMF种群的生存能力。本研究中,我们测试了来自不同植物功能类群的8种植物的单一栽培和不同植物的混合种植,是否可以维持更有活力的AMF繁殖体。为了回答这个问题,我们从12年的单种植物和混种植物中提取AMF孢子,并通过因子设计将单株AMF孢子与单株植物配对,并考察与AMF孢子来源和植物物种特性的交互作用。研究结果表明,不同植物混合种植的AMF孢子比单一栽培的AMF孢子更能成功地定植于多种植物和植株个体中。此外,我们还发现,来自不同混合种植的AMF孢子比来自单一栽培的AMF更能显著提高白车轴草(Trifolium repens L.)的生物量。与单一栽培相比,起源于不同植物混合种植的AMF孢子的生存能力和与多种植物相互作用的能力更强。我们的研究结果首次表明,多样的植物群落可以维持土壤中AMF的活力,也证明了多样的植物群落有潜力维持AMF繁殖体的活力对土壤健康和生产力至关重要。

关键词：地上-地下相互作用生物多样性生物量生产互惠共生植物-丛枝菌根真菌相互作用根系定植

Particle-based hybrid and multiscale methods for nonequilibrium gas flows

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Aerodynamics 2019年第1期1卷 239-253页

作者： Jun Zhang Benzi John Marcel pfeiffer Fei Fei Dongsheng Wen School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Scientific Computing Department STFC Daresbury LaboratoryWarringtonCheshire WA44ADUK Institute of Space Systems University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 29D-70569 StuttgartGermany School of Aerospace Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Chemical and Process Engineering University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK.

Over the past half century,a variety of computational fluid dynamics(CFD)methods and the direct simulation Monte Carlo(DSMC)method have been widely and successfully applied to the simulation of gas flows for the continuum and rarefied regime,***,they both encounter difficulties when dealing with multiscale gas flows in modern engineering problems,where the whole system is on the macroscopic scale but the nonequilibrium effects play an important *** this paper,we review two particle-based strategies developed for the simulation of multiscale nonequilibrium gas flows,i.e.,DSMC-CFD hybrid methods and multiscale particle *** principles,advantages,disadvantages,and applications for each method are *** latest progress in the modelling of multiscale gas flows including the unified multiscale particle method proposed by the authors is presented.

关键词： Nonequilibrium gas flow Multiscale simulation Hybrid method DSMC Fokker-Planck equation Boltzmann equation Unified statistical particle method

Modeling and simulation of recurrent phenotypic and genomic selections in plant breeding under the presence of epistasis

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The Crop Journal 2020年第5期8卷 866-877页

作者： Mohsin Ali Luyan Zhang Ian DeLacy Vivi Arief Mark Dieters Wolfgang H.pfeiffer Jiankang Wang Huihui Li National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China School of Agriculture and Food Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia HarvestPlus Challenge Programme c/o International Food Policy Research Institute(IFPRI)1201 Eye StNWWashingtonDC 20005USA

Recurrent selection is an important breeding method for population improvement and selecting elite inbreds or fixed lines from the improved ***,a computer simulation tool called QuMARS has been developed,which allows the simulation and optimization of various recurrent selection *** major objective in this study was to use the QuMARS tool to compare phenotypic recurrent,marker-assisted recurrent,and genomic selections(abbreviated respectively as PS,MARS and GS)for both short-and long-termbreeding ***,twomarker selection models were considered,i.e.,stepwise(Rstep)and forward regressions(Forward).For GS,three prediction models were considered,i.e.,genomic best linear unbiased predictors(GBLUP),ridge regression(Ridge),and regression by Moore-Penrose general inverse(InverseMP).To generate genotypes and phenotypes for a given individual during simulation,one additive and two epistasis genetic models were considered with three levels of *** demonstrated that selection responses from GBLUP-based GS and MARS(Forward)were consistently greater than those from PS under the additive model,particularly in early selection *** contrast,selection response from PS was consistently superior over MARS and GS under epistatic *** the two epistasis models,total genetic variance and the additive variance component were increased in some cases after *** simulation,we concluded that GS and PS were effective recurrent selection methods for improved breeding of targeted traits controlled by additive and epistatic quantitative trait loci(QTL).QuMARS provides an opportunity for breeders to compare,optimize and integrate new technology into their conventional breeding programs.

关键词： breeding elite additive

Does being female provide a neuroprotective advantage following spinal cord injury?

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第10期10卷 1533-1536页

作者： Jeffrey P.Datto Jackie Yang W.Dalton dietrich Damien D.Pearse The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami Miller School of Medicine The Department of Neurological Surgery University of Miami Miller School of Medicine The Department of Neurology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine The Department of Cell Biology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine The Neuroscience Program University of Miami Miller School of Medicine The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute University of Miami Miller School of Medicine

It has been controversial whether gender has any effect on recovery following spinal cord injury（SCI）. Past experimental and clinical research aimed at addressing this subject has led to constrasting findings on whether females hold any advantage in locomotor recovery. Additionally, for studies supporting the notion of a female gender related advantage, a definite cause has not been explained. In a recent study, using large sample sizes for comparative male and female spinal cord injury cohorts, we reported that a significant gender advantage favoring females existed in both tissue preservation and functional recovery after taking into consideration discrepancies in age and weight of the animals across sexes. Prior animal research frequently used sample sizes that were too small to determine significance with certainty and also did not account for two other factors that influence locomotor performance： age and weight. Our finding is important in light of controversy surrounding the effect of gender on outcome and the fact that SCI affects more than ten thousand new individuals annually, a population that is disproportionately male. By deepening our understanding of why a gender advantage exists, potential new therapeutics can be designed to improve recovery for the male population following the initial trauma or putatively augment the neuroprotective privilege in females for enhanced outcomes.

关键词： sex gender hormone neuroprotection estrogen progesterone apoptosis Schwann cell

Seasonal shifts in the solute ion ratios of vadose zone rock moisture from the Eel River Critical Zone Observatory

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

地球化学学报（英文） 2017年第3期36卷 385-388页

作者： Jennifer L.Druhan Nicole Fernandez Jia Wang William E.dietrich Daniella Rempe Department of Geology University of Illinois Urbana Champaign Department of Earth and Planetary Science University of California Berkeley Jackson School of Geosciences University of Texas at Austin

One of the greatest challenges in critical zone studies is to document the moisture dynamics, water flux,and solute chemistry of the unsaturated, fractured and weathered bedrock that lies between the soil and groundwater table. The central impediment to quantifying this component of the subsurface is the difficulty associated with direct observations. Here, we report solute chemistry as a function of depth collected over a full year across the shale-derived vadose zone of the Eel River Critical Zone Observatory using a set of novel sub-horizontal wellbores,referred to as the vadose zone monitoring system. The results of this first geochemical glimpse into the deep vadose zone indicate a dynamic temporal and depth-resolved structure. Major cation concentrations reflect seasonal changes in precipitation and water saturation, and normalized ratios span the full range of values reported for the world's largest rivers.

关键词：阳离子浓度临界区渗流区季节变化溶质鳗鱼含水率比值

Joint association of physical activity/screen time and diet on CVD risk factors in 10-year-old children

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frontiers of Medicine 2012年第4期6卷 428-435页

作者： Clemens Drenowatz Joseph J.Carlson Karin A.pfeiffer Joey C.Eisenmann Department of Kinesiology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Radiology Division of Sports and Cardiovascular NutritionMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA

The increasing prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity has been associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease(CVD).While several studies examined the effect of single behaviors such as physical activity(PA),sedentary behavior or diet on CVD risk,there is a lack of research on combined associations,specifically in ***,the purpose of this study was to examine the joint association of PA or screen time(ST)and diet on CVD risk factors in ***,STand diet were assessed via questionnaire in 210 fifth grade students(age:10.6±0.4 years).The healthy eating index(HEI)was subsequently calculated as indicator for diet ***,weight,% body fat,and resting blood pressure were measured according to standard procedures and blood samples obtained via fingerprick were assayed for blood *** cholesterol HDL ratio(TC:HDL),mean arterial pressure(MAP),and % body fat were used as indicators of CVD risk.55% of children did not meet current PA recommendations on at least 5 days/week and 70% exceeded current recommendations for ***,only 2.5% possessed a“good”diet(HEI>80).There was no significant association of PA or STand diet on CVD risk *** TC:HDL,MAP,and % body fat nor the total CVD risk score was significantly correlated with diet,PA,or *** in the high PA group,however,had significantly better diet *** the fact that self-reported PA,ST,or dietary intake were not directly related to CVD risk in this sample,higher activity levels were associated with a healthier diet and lower ST indicating an overall healthier lifestyle of this subgroup.

关键词： exercise sedentary behavior metabolic syndrome health behavior adolescents TV time healthy eating index

“汽车产业体验世界”是真正的“产业文化基地”吗？

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

地理科学进展 2018年第3期37卷 327-329页

作者： dietrich SOYEZ 德国科隆大学科隆50923

一个多世纪以来,大众集团在沃尔夫斯堡的工业品牌世界"大众汽车城"向世人展示着世界汽车工业技术和社会化发展历史。然而,对于20世纪30年代末-1945年期间,纳粹时期所发生的一些黑暗历史事件,诸如苦役劳动力和制造武器,却采取着遮遮掩掩... 详细信息

一个多世纪以来,大众集团在沃尔夫斯堡的工业品牌世界"大众汽车城"向世人展示着世界汽车工业技术和社会化发展历史。然而,对于20世纪30年代末-1945年期间,纳粹时期所发生的一些黑暗历史事件,诸如苦役劳动力和制造武器,却采取着遮遮掩掩的态度。甚至于试图让数以百万计的参观者们相信,大众汽车集团的历史仅可追溯至1945年。正面的历史部分被展示和传播着,黑暗的历史事件却被刻意忽视。因此,大众汽车城尽管整体上反映了汽车工业的重要成就、经历和组成,却并不足以成为具有完整历史价值的工业文化遗产。只有敢于承认和展示自身完整的(包括那些黑暗的部分)历史,大众汽车城才能成为一个真正的"产业文化基地"。

关键词：产业体验汽车工业历史品牌营销真实性工业文化遗产的黑暗史

Ethical and Moral Competences of Upper Secondary Students:A Comparative Study

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

ECNU Review of Education 2021年第4期4卷 686-706页

作者：彭正梅 dietrich Benner Roumiana Nikolova Stanislav Ivanov 彭韬 East China Normal University Humboldt University of Berlin Institute of Education Monitoring and Quality Development Institute of Moral Education Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina

Purpose:This article presents the theoretical framework,research design,methodology,and main findings of the comparative measurement of ethical-moral competences of 15-year-old upper secondary students in Shanghai,under the ETiK-International-Shanghai ***/Approach/Methods:By dividing the ethical-moral competences into the categories of basic ethical-moral knowledge,ethical-moral judgment competence,and competence in developing ethical-moral action plans,a survey of 2,036 students was conducted,using a reliable and valid testing ***:In general,15-year-olds from homes with more educational resources perform higher in all three scales across all countries taken under consideration in our ***,school practices,teaching,as well as quantity and quality of instruction play a very important role in the moral education process and especially in developing students’proficiency levels of ethical-moral knowledge,reasoning competence,as well as students’high abilities in developing moral action *** relevant educational background factors are held constant,Chinese students show lower average scores on basic ethical-moral knowledge and moral judgment *** exception of the tested Vienna students,all other European samples scored better than the Chinese students—also on the test for developing ethical-moral action ***,Chinese students are especially able to display outstanding empathy when dealing with suffering,misfortune,and sorrow,as well as in their willingness to help ***/Value:The findings of this article can foster thinking about which topics should be further discussed to improve the ethical-moral knowledge and competences of Chinese students and highlight requirements for the further development of moral education in China at the levels of teaching,curriculum,teacher education,and research.

关键词： Basic ethical-moral knowledge competence in developing ethical-moral action plans ethical-moral judgment competence ETiK moral education

Sparse current source reconstruction in MCG

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science Bulletin 2015年第14期60卷 1235-1240页

作者： Mengpei Chen Shiqin Jiang Lu Bing Chen Zhao Birgit Hailer dietrich Gr nemeyer Peter Van Leeuwen School of Electronics and Information Engineering Tongji University Department of Internal Medicine Philippusstift University Witten/Herdecke Faculty of Health Gro¨ nemeyer Institute for MicrotherapyUniversity Witten/Herdecke

Cardiac current source reconstruction is investigated by a fast greedy sparse(FGS) method applied to simulated and real magnetocardiography(MCG) data measured using 61-channel superconducting quantum interference device. The approach reduces the size of the lead field matrix based on a priori knowledge of dipolar magnetic field map. Consequently, the computational demands and the accuracy of sparse source reconstruction are improved simultaneously. The simulation results demonstrate that the FGS method is capable of reconstructing sparse equivalent current sources using the magnetic field data generated by a single current source with varying orientation or multiple current sources generated randomly. In addition, we analyze the cardiac current source reconstructed with real MCG data at typical instants and discuss the electrical excitation conduction during the QRS complex based on moving sparse source imaging.

关键词：稀疏流超导量子干涉器件计算精度电流源先验知识仿真结果 GS方法随机生成

Ultrasound findings in autoimmune hepatitis

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第15期24卷 1583-1590页

作者： Yi Dong Andrej Potthoff Christoph Klinger Ana Paula Barreiros Dariusz Pietrawski Christoph F dietrich Department of Ultrasound Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Endocrinology Medizinische Hochschule Hannover Department of Internal Medicine 1 Klinikum Ludwigsburg German Organ Transplantation Foundation Region Mitte Department of Internal Medicine 2 Caritas-Krankenhaus Bad Mergentheim

Ultrasound findings in autoimmune hepatitis(AIH) have not been reported systematically so far. The use of reliable and accurate noninvasive methods for determining fibrosis stage is important in evaluation of treatment efficacy and fibrosis regression in AIH. Imaging plays an important role in detection of complications and ruling out other possible causes of chronic liver diseases. Ultrasound elastography cutoff values in AIH patients are not the same as those in patients with chronic viral hepatitis or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. AIH is characterized by wide fluctuations in inflammatory activity. Here we report on current knowledge of ultrasound findings in AIH.

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis Fibrosis stage Ultrasound Elastography Chronic liver diseases