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DYNAMIC BUILDING SIMULATIONS FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A MOROCCAN THERMAL REGULATION FOR BUILDINGS

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Journal of Green Building 2014年第1期9卷 145-165页

作者： Friedrich Sick Stefan Schade Adel Mourtada dieter Uh Michael Grausam Renewable Energies at HTW Berlin University of Applied Sciences Wilhelminenhofstr.75AD-12459 BerlinGermany Bauplanung Eberhard Roski Wedenstr.10aD-18292 Krakow am SeeGermany Lebanese Association for Energy Saving and Environment BeirutLebanon GIZ“Promotion of Renewable Energies and Energy Efficiency in Morocco” BP 43310001 Rabat R.P.2 Av.Tour HassanMorocco Dipl.-Ing.Architekt 12049 BerlinGermany

Comprehensive dynamic building simulations are used in order to conduct sensitivity analyses on the influence of building shell parameters to the heating and cooling demands of a variety of building types in Morocco. In a first step, five climatic zones are defined covering the range of specific heating and cooling demand combinations of a reference building located in eleven locations throughout Morocco. Afterwards, 22 single parameter variations for each building type and each climate zone are performed and analyzed in such a way, that suitable promising combinations can be defined as well. This procedure is faster and easier to analyze than a multidimensional regression. The results show indeed that the selected combinations may reduce energy demands substantially. This paper explains the procedure and results in detail for one residential type of building and for one typical non-residential building. The major overall results are discussed.

关键词： building simulation thermal regulation Morocco

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: The clinical challenge of a leaky gut and a cirrhotic liver

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第3期7卷 304-314页

作者： Philipp Lutz Hans dieter Nischalke Christian P Strassburg Ulrich Spengler Department of Internal Medicine I University of Bonn German Center for Infection Research

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP) is a frequent, life-threatening bacterial infection in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites. Portal hypertension leads to increased bacterial translocation from the intestine. Failure to eliminate invading pathogens due to immune defects associated with advanced liver disease on the background of genetic predisposition may result in SBP. The efficacy of antibiotic treatment and prophylaxis has declined due to the spread of multi-resistant bacteria. Patients with nosocomial SBP and with prior antibiotictreatment are at a particularly high risk for infection with resistant bacteria. Therefore, it is important to adapt empirical treatment to these risk factors and to the local resistance profile. Rifaximin, an oral, nonabsorbable antibiotic, has been proposed to prevent SBP, but may be useful only in a subset of patients. Since novel antibiotic classes are lacking, we have to develop prophylactic strategies which do not induce bacterial resistance. Farnesoid X receptor agonists may be a candidate, but so far, clinical studies are not available. New diagnostic tests which can be carried out quickly at the patient's site and provide additional prognostic information would be helpful. Furthermore, we need tools to predict antibiotic resistance in order to tailor first-line antibiotic treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis to the individual patient and to reduce mortality.

关键词： Ascites Cirrhosis Farnesoid X receptor Liver Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domaincontaining 2 Rifaximin Prophylaxis Spontaneousbacterial peritonitis Toll-like receptor 2

DNA methylation profile of a hepatosplenic gamma/delta T-cell lymphoma patient associated with response to interferon-α therapy

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第5期18卷 1332-1335页

作者： Jaydeep Bhat Anke KBergmann Silvio Waschina Christoph Nerl Christoph Kaleta Reiner Siebert Ole Ammerpohl dieter Kabelitz Institute of Immunology Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel&University Hospital Schleswig-HolsteinCampus KielKielGermany Metabolic Programming School of Life Sciences WeihenstephanTechnical University Munich(TUM)85354FreisingGermany Institute of Human Genetics Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel&University Hospital Schleswig-HolsteinCampus KielKielGermany Institute of Human Genetics Medical School HannoverHannoverGermany Institute of Experimental Medicine Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel&University Hospital Schleswig-HolsteinCampus KielKielGermany Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science Christian-Albrechts-University KielKielGermany Städtisches Krankenhaus München-Schwabing MunichGermany Institute of Human Genetics Ulm University&Ulm University Medical Center89081UlmGermany

The 2–5%γδT cells in healthy human peripheral blood recognize nonpeptide antigens,in contrast toαβT cells.1 DistinctγδT-cell malignancies have been identified,with hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma(γδ-HSTL)being a rare but aggressive(median survival 13 months)subset.2γδ-HSTL usually presents with hepatosplenomegaly without lymphadenopathy,anemia,and *** is histologically characterized by the involvement of the hepatic sinusoids,splenic red pulp and bone marrow interstitium,with or without leukemic presentation in peripheral blood.3 A standard treatment regimen is not well established,but therapy mostly includes various chemotherapeutic ***,interferon-α(IFN-α)has been proven to be effective in some patients withγδ-HSTL,but other patients require allogeneic or autologous stem cell transplantation.

关键词： hepato splenic interferon

Testing experimentally the effect of soil resource mobility on plant competition

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第3期7卷 276-286页

作者： Stefanie Wilberts Matthias Suter Nina Walser Peter J.Edwards Harry Olde Venterink dieter Ramseier Department of Biology/Chemistry Division of EcologyUniversity of OsnabrückBarbarastrasse 13Osnabrück 49076Germany Forage Production and Grassland Agroscope Reckenholz-TänikonReckenholzstrasse 1918046 ZurichSwitzerland Institute of Integrative Biology ETH ZurichUniversitätstrasse 16Zürich 8092Switzerland Plant Biology and Nature Management Vrije Universiteit BrusselPleinlaan 21050 BrusselsBelgium

Aims The volume of soil beyond a plant’s roots from which that plant is able to acquire a particular nutrient depends upon the mobility of that nutrient in the *** this reason it has been hypothesized that the strength of competitive interactions between plants vary with soil nutrient *** aimed to provide an experimental test of this *** We devised two experimental systems to investigate specifically the effect of nutrient transport rates upon intraspecific *** the first,the exchange of rhizosphere water and dissolved nutrients between two connected pots,each containing one plant,was manipulated by alternately raising and lowering the *** the second experiment,the roots systems of two competing plants were separated by partitions of differing porosity,thereby varying the plants’access to water and nutrients in the other plant's *** this second experiment,we also applied varying amounts of nutrients to test whether higher nutrient input would reduce competition when competition for light is avoided,and applied different water levels to affect nutrient concentrations without changing nutrient *** findings In both experiments,lower mobility reduced competitive effects on plant biomass and on relative growth rate(RGR),as *** the second experiment,however,competition was more intense under high nutrient input,suggesting that low nutrient supply rates reduced the strength of the superior *** effects on RGR were only evident under the low water level,suggesting that under lower nutrient concentrations,competitive effects might be less *** together,our results provide the first direct experimental evidence that a reduction in nutrient mobility can reduce the intensity of competition between plants.

关键词： belowground competition nutrient transport soil water relative growth rate

TACKLING INDUSTRIAL-SCALE SUPPLY CHAIN PROBLEMS BY MIXED-INTEGER PROGRAMMING

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2019年第6期37卷 866-888页

作者： Gerald Gamrath Ambros Gleixner Thorsten Koch Matt hias Miltenberger Dimitri Kniasew Dominik Schlogel Alexander Martin dieter Weninger Zuse Institute Berlin Department Optimization SAP SE SAP Optimization Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-NiimbeTg Department Mathematics

The modeling flexibility and the optimality guarantees provided by mixed-integer programming greatly aid the design of robust and future-proof decision support *** complexity of industrial-scale supply chain optimization,however,often poses limits to the application of general mixed-integer programming *** this paper we describe algorithmic innovations that help to ensure that MIP solver performance matches the complexity of the large supply chain problems and tight time limits encountered in *** computational evaluation is based on a diverse set,modeling real-world scenarios supplied by our industry partner SAP.

关键词： Supply chain management Supply network optimization Mixed-integer linear programming Primal heuristics Numerical stability Large-scale optimization

Edible seaweed-derived constituents: an undisclosed source of neuroprotective compounds

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第5期15卷 790-795页

作者： Melissa Schepers Nikita Martens Assia Tiane Kenneth Vanbrabant Hong-Bing Liu dieter Lütjohann Monique Mulder Tim Vanmierlo Department of Neuroimmunology Biomedical Research InstituteHasselt UniversityEuropean Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON)HasseltBelgium Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology Division of Translational NeuroscienceSchool for Mental Health and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityEuropean Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON)MaastrichtThe Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine Laboratory of Vascular MedicineErasmus MC University Medical CenterRotterdamthe Netherlands Institue for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology BonnGermany Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Ministry of EducationSchool of Medicine and PharmacyOcean University of ChinaQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina

Edible marine algae,or seaweeds,are a rich source of several bioactive compounds including phytosterols,carotenoids,and *** the last decades,seaweed-derived constituents turned out to not only reside in the systemic circulation,but are able to cross the blood-brain barrier to exert neuro-active functions both in homeostatic and pathological ***,seaweed-derived constituents have gained increasing interest for their neuro-immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties,rendering them interesting candidates for the management of several neurodegenerative *** particular seaweed-derived phytosterols gained interest for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders as they potentiate neuroplasticity,enhance phagocytic clearance of neurotoxic peptides and have anti-inflammatory ***,the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties of other constituents including carotenoids,phenols and polysaccharides have recently gained more *** this review,we provide an overview of a selection of the described neuro-active properties of seaweed-derived constituents with a focus on phytosterols.

关键词： algae carotenoids neuro-active phenols phytosterols polysaccharides seaweed

Tension-free Dirac strings and steered magnetic charges in 3D artificial spin ice

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1127-1134页

作者： Sabri Koraltan Florian Slanovc Florian Bruckner Cristiano Nisoli Andrii V.Chumak Oleksandr V.Dobrovolskiy Claas Abert dieter Suess Physics of Functional Materials Faculty of PhysicsUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria Theoretical Division Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNMUSA Nanomagnetics and Magnonics Faculty of PhysicsUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria Research Platform MMM Mathematics-Magnetism-Materials University of ViennaViennaAustria

3D nano-architectures presents a new paradigm in modern condensed matter physics with numerous applications in photonics,biomedicine,and *** are promising for the realization of 3D magnetic nano-networks for ultra-fast and low-energy data *** in these systems can lead to magnetic charges or magnetic monopoles,which can function as mobile,binary information ***,Dirac strings in 2D artificial spin ices bind magnetic charges,while 3D dipolar counterparts require cryogenic temperatures for their ***,we present a micromagnetic study of a highly frustrated 3D artificial spin ice harboring tension-free Dirac strings with unbound magnetic charges at room *** use micromagnetic simulations to demonstrate that the mobility threshold for magnetic charges is by 2 eV lower than their unbinding *** applying global magnetic fields,we steer magnetic charges in a given direction omitting unintended *** introduced system paves the way toward 3D magnetic networks for data transport and storage.

关键词： stability magnetic artificial

Detailed Design of a High Speed Switched Reluctance Starter/Generator for More/All Electric Aircraft

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2010年第2期23卷 216-226页

作者：宋受俊刘卫国 dieter Peitsch Uwe Schaefer 西北工业大学自动化学院柏林工业大学电气工程及计算机科学学院柏林工业大学机械及交通工程学院

The basic concepts and advantages of more/all electric aircraft （M/AEA） are briefly addressed. The combined starter/generator （CS/G） system is introduced as a key technology to enable M/AEA. Some important performance requirements for CS/G system are obtained. Based on these requirements, a high speed switched reluctance machine （SRM） is designed to operate as a starter/generator. The entire design process is mainly divided into two stages： electromagnetic design and thermal design. In electromagnetic design stage, the electromagnetic structure and dimensions of the machine and the number of phase winding turns per pole are obtained; the topology and main technical details of the converter are briefly introduced as well. In thermal design stage, a liquid-cooling system is designed based on the thermal analysis of the machine. In the end, the performances of the designed SRM are basically verified by simulation. To get high performances, the exciting angles are optimized in two different operating modes respectively, and the optimized performances in the motoring mode are given as well.

关键词： aircraft more/all electric aircraft combined starter/generator system reluctance motors electromagnetic design thermalanalysis control optimization

李希霍芬对中国地质和地球科学的贡献(英文)

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第四纪研究 2005年第4期25卷 409-431页

作者： dieter Jkel Institute of Geographical Sciences Free University of Berlin Malteserstr74-10012249 Berlin Germany

斐迪南·冯·李希霍芬出生于1833年。少年时的教育和生活环境使他对地质学产生了兴趣。当他还是小孩子的时候,就随父母游历了家乡的许多地方,并且利用暑假到阿尔卑斯去旅行。在柏林学习地质学的时候,就显示出他宽厚的知识基础,他很快就... 详细信息

斐迪南·冯·李希霍芬出生于1833年。少年时的教育和生活环境使他对地质学产生了兴趣。当他还是小孩子的时候,就随父母游历了家乡的许多地方,并且利用暑假到阿尔卑斯去旅行。在柏林学习地质学的时候,就显示出他宽厚的知识基础,他很快就意识到对他而言,未来工作的目标就是成为一个科学家。1859年,为了获得财政支持进行欧洲以外地区的研究,李希霍芬申请参加了普鲁士政府向东亚派遣的一支探险队,开始了他最初对中国地质的研究。1862年当探险队的成员开始返回柏林,他独自到了上海开始他自己在中国的研究工作。只是由于太平天国起义,他的计划没能立即实现。1868年新年前夕,他和他的朋友对全球地质勘探的状况做了一个回顾,认为中国无论在科学上,还是在应用上都是最有研究价值的国家之一。于是他选择了中国作为他进行地质研究的对象。在参考大量文献的基础上,他制定了详细的研究方向和工作方法。李希霍芬希望建立一个系统的中国地质学的基础。他认为野外工作是第一位的。除了对可开采的矿床进行了估计,他还特别注意了中国煤炭沉积的储量和产量。在1868到1872年期间,他在中国先后进行了7次旅行。他是第一位对中国地质从基础上进行研究的外国地质学家。旅行的资金有一部分是来自加利福尼亚银行和上海商业会馆。他提交了一份地区经济信息的报告,这个报告包括了中国的交通、贸易路线,煤矿的形成、品位和储量、可采性以及在世界市场上的竞争力等。他重要的科学文献是关于经济、运输和人口地理学。从他的著作《中国》我们可以看出,他对于“丝绸之路”的命名是在汉学家、古典文献学家以及地图学家共同合作研究之前。在综合大量的文献后,他在地图上详细地标注了“丝绸之路”,并且讨论了汉朝及其以后历史时期内中国境内主要的贸易路线。由于丝绸一直都是重要的贸易商品,因此他把这条贸易路线称之为“丝绸之路”。对于社会、经济问题与地质问题的综合认识,使他同时又成为一个地理学家。李希霍芬和德国的地图工作者一起开创了一种新的地形的描绘方法,并且修正了当时的中国地图,使中国地图有了更为详尽的内容。对比当时在中国出版的地图,他们绘制的地图在很多方面是全新的,如他们采用图解法(graphicpresentationsofmontains)来代表山脉和其他的地形形态特征。在地质学领域,他绘制了中国地质图,及《中国地图集》中的地形图,连同后来出版的4卷《中国》书稿中大量的横断面和地层剖面,奠定了中国乃至东亚的地质学基础。但是他从来没有把制图作为他旅行的一个主要目的。对他来说,制图只是作为来证实他的野外观察的一个方法,以尽可能正确地体现出地貌的基本特征。李希霍芬到中国旅行的最主要的目的是研究中国地质。他是第一个把中国地质按着现代组成物的分布、序列,发展成为一个系统。可以认为,他是把中国地质学发展成为一门科学的创始人。古生物学和地层学的知识使他很快就认识到了中国地质结构的原理。他的综合知识使他可以在地图上系统地标绘出他所观察到的现象。他的主要成果集中体现在《中国地图集》中的27张地质图,《中国》书稿中另外14张地质图以及大量的剖面图。另外矿产资源也是他研究的主要的内容。他不仅研究了煤炭资源,同时也经常记录贵金属矿产资源。他是最早注意到中国黄土具有风成特征的地质学家。他在研究黄土剖面时,注意到大部分没有层理的沉积物都保存有大量的陆生软体动物的壳。由此,他得出与前人相反的结论,认为黄土不是湖相沉积物,而是风成沉积物。并以北美大草原所见到的草将粉尘固定的过程作为他风成假设的证据。他认为黄土沉积是草原环境下形成的,当时的植被是草原。并且认识到粉尘来源于西部和北部的中亚的沙漠地区。他只是没能将冰期、间冰期的粉尘沉积加以区分。他研究的另一个科学领域是地貌学。在地貌学中他是最先描述一些地表变化过程的先驱者之一。正如他一直意识到的自然与人类活动的相互关系一样,他同样将地球生态系统看作是地质结构、地貌过程、与气候有关的生态环境和人类活动所组成的一个复合体。他是最早萌生地球系统的科学思想的科学家。李希霍芬对中国的研究起初并没有得到人们的重视。直到他的《中国》出版以后,他对中国地质学和地理学的影响才明显起来:他的著作和地图很快就传入中国,在学术界被广泛地阅读和讨论;他的书是地质学和地理学专业的基础教材。不仅在中国,在世界范围内,他的发现也得到了认可,并获得了很高的评价。19世纪末,世界上没有哪个科学家像他那样了解中国和东亚。他也从一个地质学家成为一个跨越多个学科的大科学家,他的影响在他的那个时代体现在科学领域的很多学科之中。李希霍芬在中国现在仍然有很高的赞誉。他的方法学的研究以及他的《探险家指南》,对于年轻的地质科学工作者,仍然具有指导意义。他的地球系统科学的思想对当前土地退化、生态不平衡等环境问题的解决仍然起着指导性作用。

关键词：中国地质丝绸之路黄土研究地球系统科学