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The first occurrence of Phlebopteris dunkeri and P. woodwardii(Matoniaceae) from the middle Jurassic of Iran

Journal of Palaeogeography 2019年第1期8卷 99-108页

作者： Mohammad Taghi Badihagh dieter uhl School of Geology Faculty of Science University of Tehran Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum Frankfurt

The coal horizons of the Middle Jurassic Hojedk Formation of East-Central Iran are fossiliferous, bearing numerous well-preserved fossil plants, comparable to the Shemshak Group/Formation in the Alborz Mountains in Northern Iran. Here we present two recently discovered fossil taxa from the Middle Jurassic Hojedk Formation of the Tabas Block(Central Iran). Based on their distinct morphologies, impression/compression specimens can be assigned to Phlebopteris dunkeri(Schenk) Schenk(Palaeontographica 23: 157–163, 1875) and P. woodwardii Leckenby(Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society 20(1–2): 74–82, 1864), belonging to Matoniaceae. This is the first record of these two taxa in Iran. Taxa belonging to Equisetaceae, Marattiaceae, Dipteridaceae, Schizaeaceae, Dicksoniaceae,Caytoniales, Bennettitales, Cycadales and Podozamitaceae were observed as accompanying taxa in the studied section. Ecology comparison of the Hojedk Formation plant fossils with the extant relatives of the fossil plant taxa occurring in these deposits indicates accumulation of the host strata under a moist warm(tropical to subtropical)climate during the Middle Jurassic.

关键词： Matoniaceae Phlebopteris Middle Jurassic Palaeoecology Central Iran

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Repeated occurrence of palaeo-wildfires during deposition of the Bahariya Formation(early Cenomanian) of Egypt

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2019年第4期8卷 332-345页

作者： Haytham El Atfy Tarek Anan Andre Jasper dieter uhl Department of Geology Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ambiente e Desenvolvimento PPGADUniversidade do Vale do Taquari UnivatesLajeadoRio Grande do SulBrazil Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum 60325 Frankfurt am MainGermany Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment Tubingen University72076 TubingenGermany

The Upper Cretaceous(early Cenomanian)Bahariya Formation of Egypt has an outstanding reputation for its wealth of vertebrate remains,including a variety of iconic dinosaurs,like the carnivorous Spinosaurus and Carcharodontosaurus,as well as the herbivorous Aegyptosaurus and *** these dinosaur fossils,the Bahariya Formation yielded also a wealth of invertebrate and plant remains,but even today many aspects concerning the continental palaeoenvironments reflected in these deposits(including the occurrence of palaeo-wildfires)have not been studied in *** far six distinct macro-charcoal bearing levels could be identified within the type section of the Bahariya Formation at Gabal El Dist profile,one of the most prolific outcrops of this formation in terms of fossil occurrence located in the north of the Bahariya Oasis,Western Desert,*** of the charcoal investigated by means of SEM originates from ferns,pointing to a considerable proportion of this plant group within the palaeo-ecosystems that experienced *** and(putative)angiosperms have less frequently been *** collected data present evidence that the landscapes at the northern shores of Gondwana repeatedly experienced palaeo-wildfires,adding extra proof to previous statements that the Late Cretaceous was a fiery world on a global scale.

关键词： Bahariya Oasis Gabal El Dist Charcoal Wildfire Dinosaurs Upper Cretaceous Early Cenomanian Egypt

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Palaeobotanical and biomarker evidence for Early Permian(Artinskian) wildfire in the Rajmahal Basin, India

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2021年第1期10卷 55-75页

作者： Srikanta Murthy Vinod Atmaram Mendhe dieter uhl Runcie Paul Mathews Vivek Kumar Mishra Saurabh Gautam Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences 53University RoadLucknow 226007India CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research Dhanbad 826015JharkhandIndia Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum Frankfurt Senckenberganlage 2560325 Frankfurt am MainGermany

This study provides a combined analysis on the palynology, fossil charcoal and biomarkers of the subsurface coal deposits from a borehole RMB #2 drilled at the Dhulia Coal Block, Rajmahal Basin, India, in attempts to establish the chronology of sedimentation and to propose palaeobotanical as well as geochemical evidence for the occurrence of wildfires in these sediments. The palynological investigation suggests a Scheuringipollenites barakarensis palynoassemblage from the lower Barakar Formation, dated as Artinskian(Early Permian) in age. This assemblage reveals the dominance of Glossopteridales and sub-dominance of taxa belonging to Cordaitales and *** charcoal in sediments is usually recognized as a direct indicator for the occurrence of palaeo-wildfires. More data involving the anatomical features of fossil charcoal analyzed by Field Emission Scanning Electronic Microscope broaden our knowledge on Early Permian wildfires from the peninsula of India. The studied macroscopic charcoal fragments exhibit anatomical details such as homogenized cell walls, uniseriate simple and biseriate alternate pitting on tracheid walls and rays of varying heights pointing to a gymnospermous wood affinitity. The excellent preservation of charcoal fragments, shown by their large sizes and almost unabraded edges, suggests a parautochthonous origin. The embedded biomarker study performed for charcoal sediments and its characterization demonstrate the presence of n-alkanes, isoprenoids, terpenoids and aromatic compounds. A bimodal distribution pattern of n-alkanes with a Cmaxat n-C25 is identified. Diterpenoids and pentacyclic terpenoids are identified, indicating the input of an early conifer vegetation and bacterial activity, respectively. The identified polyaromatic hydrocarbon(PAH) compounds, together with the charcoal fragments, clearly suggest that repeated wildfire events occurred during the deposition of these Artinskian sediments in the Rajmahal Basin.

关键词： Palaeo-wildfire Palynology Fossil charcoal Biomarker Barakar Formation Rajmahal Basin

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