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Exploring the size of Andean condor foraging groups along an altitudinal and latitudinal gradient in the Tropical Andes: Ecological and conservation implications

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 225-232页

作者： diego Mendez Felix Hernan Vargas JoséHernan Sarasola Pedro P.Oleaa Departamento de Ecologia Universidad Autonoma de MadridCalle Darwin 228049MadridSpain Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Calle 26 s/nCota CotaLa PazBolivia The Peregrine Fund 5668 West Flying Hawk LaneBoiseID 83709USA Centro para el Estudio y Conservacion de Aves Rapaces en Argentina(CECARA) Universidad Nacional de La PampaAvda Uruguay 1516300 Santa RosaLa PampaArgentina Instituto de las Ciencias Ambientales y de la Tierra de La Pampa(INCITAP-CONICET) Avda.Uruguay 1516300 Santa RosaLa PampaArgentina Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autonoma de MadridMadridCalle Darwin 228049Madrid Snain

Patterns of variation in the size of vulture foraging groups,and their ecological causes and consequences,remain litle explored despite strong links with the carrion recycling service that this key functional group *** documented the group size-frequency pattern of Andean con-dors Vultur gryphus gathered to feed on 42 equine carcasses experimentally placed in Bolivia,between 2012 and 2019,along an elevation range of 1,300-4,500 m *** on the location(altitude and latitude)of the foraging groups,we examined the relationship between their size and species'population parameters(size and trend),habitat conditions,and livestock carcass availability and *** utilized a high frequency(93%)of carcasses forming groups that ranged from 1 to 80 individuals(mean=25,median=18)and shaped a"lazy-J curve"typical pattern of size-frequency distribution whereby few groups(5,12%)were large(>55 individuals)and most(21,50%)were relatively small(<19 individuals).Group size related to altitude in that most larger groups formed at lower sites(below c.3,000 m asl),likely following an altitudinal gradient whereby larger groups are more likely to form around larger carcasses(i.e.,cattle),which are more likely to occur at lower *** of population size,group size could be an adaptive response of condors via local enhancement for improving individual scavenging *** information gaps on this topic still exist,thus we provide a set of questions to address them,especially amidst the unrestricted impacts of human activities that condition vulture survival globally.

关键词： condor andino fusion-fission dynamics group size scavenger social foraging vultures.

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Survival and comorbidities in lung cancer patients:Evidence from administrative claims data in Germany

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Oncology Research 2022年第4期30卷 173-185页

作者： diego HERNANDEZ CHIH-YUAN CHENG KARLA HERNANDEZ-VILLAFUERTE MICHAEL SCHLANDER Division of Health Economics German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany

Lung cancer is the most common cancer type worldwide and has the highest and second highest mortality rate for men and women respectively in ***,the role of comorbid illnesses in lung cancer patient prognosis is still *** analyzed administrative claims data from one of the largest statutory health insurance(SHI)funds in Germany,covering close to 9 million people(11%of the national population);observation period was from 2005 to *** cancer patients and their concomitant diseases were identified by ICD-10-GM *** were classified according to the Charlson Comorbidity Index(CCI).Incidence,comorbidity prevalence and survival are estimated considering sex,age at diagnosis,and place of *** Meier curves with 95%confidence intervals were built in relation to common *** identified 70,698 lung cancer incident cases in the *** and survival figures are comparable to official statistics in *** prevalent comorbidities are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)(36.7%),followed by peripheral vascular disease(PVD)(18.7%),diabetes without chronic complications(17.4%),congestive heart failure(CHF)(16.5%)and renal disease(14.7%).Relative to overall survival,lung cancer patients with CHF,cerebrovascular disease(CEVD)and renal disease are associated with largest drops in survival probabilities(9%or higher),while those with PVD and diabetes without chronic complications with moderate drops(7%or lower).The study showed a negative association between survival and most common comorbidities among lung cancer patients,based on a large sample for *** research needs to explore the individual effect of comorbidities disentangled from that of other patient characteristics such as cancer stage and histology.

关键词： Lung Cancer Comorbidities Survival Administrative data Statutory health insurance

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Practical review for diagnosis and clinical management of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第25期26卷 3542-3561页

作者： Daniele Dondossola Michele Ghidini Francesco Grossi Giorgio Rossi diego Foschi General and Liver Transplant Surgery Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca'GrandaOspedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilan 20122Italy Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation Universitàdegli Studi of MilanMilan 20122Italy Medical Oncology Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilan 20122Italy Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences"Luigi Sacco" L.Sacco HospitalUniversitàdegli Studi of MilanMilan 20157Italy

Cholangiocarcinoma(CCC)is the most aggressive malignant tumor of the biliary *** CCC(pCCC)is the most common CCC and is burdened by a complicated diagnostic iter and its anatomical location makes surgical approach burden by poor *** its clinical presentation,a multimodal diagnostic approach should be carried on by a tertiary specialized center to avoid *** staging must consider the extent of liver resection to avoid post-surgical hepatic *** staging iter,magnetic resonance can obtain satisfactory cholangiographic images,while invasive techniques should be used if bile duct samples are ***,to improve diagnostic potential,bile duct drainage is not necessary in jaundice,while it is indicated in refractory cholangitis or when liver hypertrophy is *** resecability criteria are identified,the extent of liver resection is secondary to the longitudinal spread of *** in the past type IV pCCC was not considered resectable,some authors reported good results after their ***,in selected unresectable cases,liver transplantation could be a valuable *** chemotherapy is the standard of care for resected patients,while neoadjuvant approach has growing *** curative resection is not achieved,radiotherapy can be added to *** multistep curative iter must be carried on in specialized ***,the aim of this review is to highlight the main steps and pitfalls of the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to pCCC with a peculiar attention to type IV pCCC.

关键词： Perihilar cholangiocarncioma Liver resection Biliary drainage Neo-adjuvant therapy Type IV cholangiocarcinoma Klatskin tumor

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Validity,reliability,and psychometric properties of a computerized,cognitive assessment test(Cognivue^®)Validity,reliability,and psychometric properties of a computerized,cognitive assessment test(Cognivue^®)

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2020年第1期10卷 1-11页

作者： diego Cahn-Hidalgo Paul W Estes Reina Benabou Internal Medicine of Brighton RochesterNY 14623United States Cognivue Inc. VictorNY 14564United States

BACKGROUND Cognitive issues such as Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias confer a substantial negative *** relating to sensitivity,subjectivity,and inherent bias can limit the usefulness of many traditional methods of assessing cognitive *** To determine cut-off scores for classification of cognitive impairment,and assess Cognivue®safety and efficacy in a large validation *** Adults(age 55-95 years)at risk for age-related cognitive decline or dementia were invited via posters and email to participate in two cohort studies conducted at various outpatient clinics and assisted-and independent-living *** the cut-off score determination study(n=92),optimization analyses by positive percent agreement(PPA)and negative percent agreement(NPA),and by accuracy and error bias were *** the clinical validation study(n=401),regression,rank linear regression,and factor analyses were *** in the clinical validation study also completed other neuropsychological *** For the cut-off score determination study,92 participants completed *** University Mental Status(SLUMS,reference standard)and Cognivue^®*** showed that SLUMS cut-off scores of26(no impairment)corresponded to Cognivue^®scores of 54.5(NPA=0.92;PPA=0.64)and 78.5(NPA=0.5;PPA=0.79),***,conservatively,Cognivue^®scores of 55-64 corresponded to impairment,and 74-79 to no *** the clinical validation study,401 participants completed≥1 testing session,and 358 completed 2 sessions 1-2 wk ***^®classification scores were validated,demonstrating good agreement with SLUMS scores(weightedκ0.57;95%CI:0.50-0.63).Reliability analyses showed similar scores across repeated testing for Cognivue^®(R2=0.81;r=0.90)and SLUMS(R2=0.67;r=0.82).Psychometric validity of Cognivue^®was demonstrated *** neuropsychological *** were most closely correlated with measures of verbal pro

关键词： Cognitive screening test Dementia Memory Motor control Perceptualprocessing Visual salience

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Accelerating the elimination of hepatitis C in Kuwait: An expert opinion

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第30期26卷 4415-4427页

作者： Fuad Hasan Ahmad Alfadhli Abeer Al-Gharabally Mahmoud Alkhaldi Massimo colombo Jeffrey V Lazarus Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of MedicineKuwait UniversityKuwait 12037Kuwait Department of Gastroenterology Amiri HospitalKuwait 13041Kuwait Public Health Department Ministry of HealthKuwait 13110Kuwait Head Center of Translational Research in Hepatology Humanitas Clinical and Research CenterRozzano 20089Italy Barcelona Institute for Global Health Barcelona Institute for Global Health(ISGlobal)University of BarcelonaBarcelona 08036Spain

The hepatitis C virus(HCV)is estimated to affect 71 million people *** 2016,the World Health Organization adopted the first global health sector strategy to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public health threat by *** December 2018,the European Association for the Study of the Liver,International Liver Foundation convened an expert panel to address the elimination of HCV in *** steps have already been taken to eliminate HCV in Kuwait,including free HCV treatment for Kuwait’s citizens,high blood safety standards,and the implementation of screening and awareness *** expert panel made several recommendations aimed at accelerating the elimination of HCV in Kuwait:The development of a national strategy and action plan to guide all HCV elimination activities;the formation of a coordination mechanism to support collaboration between hepatitis working committees;the prioritization of microelimination at primary,secondary or tertiary facilities,in prisons and rehabilitation centers;and ensuring the involvement of multiple stakeholders–including relevant civil society groups–in all *** screening and linkage to care should be prioritized in Kuwait,with the expansion of the prescriber base to primary healthcare providers and nurse practitioners to be *** awareness and educating people about HCV infection also remain essential to achieve the goal of HCV ***,a national HCV registry should be developed to help monitor the implementation of viral hepatitis plans and progress towards achieving national and international targets.

关键词： Awareness Hepatitis C virus Kuwait Micro-elimination Registries Prescribers

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Improved frost forecast using machine learning methods

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Artificial Intelligence in Geosciences 2023年第1期4卷 164-181页

作者： Jos´e Roberto Rozante Enver Ramirez diego Ramirez Gabriela Rozante Center for Weather Forecast and Climate Studies National Institute for Space ResearchCachoeira PaulistaSPBrazil University of Sao Paulo(EEL/USP) LorenaSPBrazil Sao Paulo State University(UNESP) BauruSPBrazil

Frosts are one of the atmospheric phenomena with one of the larger negative effects on the agricultural sector in the southern region of Brazil,therefore,an earlier forecast can minimize their *** the present work,artificial neural networks(ANNs)techniques were applied in order to improve the predicting capabilities of frost events in southern *** the study,two multilayer perceptron(MLP)ANNs were built,one with ADAM optimizer and the other with *** input parameters MLP-ANNs were numerical predictions of the Eta *** ANNs were trained using four years(2012-2015),while validation and testing were performed using 2016 and 2017,*** episode of frost that occurred on May 21st,2018,related to an intense cold air mass,was also utilized to evaluate the performance of the *** best configurations(topologies and hyperparameters)of the ANNs were identified through experiments,using the highest accuracy obtained during the validation period as a *** results of the ANNs with ADAM and SGD optimizers were compared with the predictions of the Eta *** the case study,an additional comparison against the operational frost index(IG)from the National Institute for Space Research(INPE)was also *** performance of both ANNs(properly configured)with ADAM and SGD optimizers are comparable one to the *** both are significantly better compared to the Eta *** ANNs were able to drastically reduce the underestimation trends of frost events caused by the warm bias of the Eta *** ANNs also indicated more satisfactory performances when compared to the INPE *** general,the ANNs were able to identify deficiencies in Eta predictions,and consequently improve their *** this sense,the use of ANNs to predict frost events can be a very useful tool in an operational environment.

关键词： Frost Artificial neural networks Multilayer perceptron frost index Deep learning

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Optimization of Well Position and Sampling Frequency for Groundwater Monitoring and Inverse Identification of Contamination Source Conditions Using Bayes’Theorem

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2019年第5期119卷 373-394页

作者： Shuangsheng Zhang Hanhu Liu Jing Qiang Hongze Gao diego Galar Jing Lin School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou221116China School of Mathematics China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou221116China GHD Services Inc455 Philip StreetWaterlooOntarioCanada Division of Operation and Maintenance Engineering Department of CivilEnvironmental and Natural Resources EngineeringLulea University of Technology97187 LuleaSweden Xuzhou Urban Water Resources Management Office Xuzhou221018China.

Coupling Bayes’Theorem with a two-dimensional(2D)groundwater solute advection-diffusion transport equation allows an inverse model to be established to identify a set of contamination source parameters including source intensity(M),release location(0 X,0 Y)and release time(0 T),based on monitoring well *** address the issues of insufficient monitoring wells or weak correlation between monitoring data and model parameters,a monitoring well design optimization approach was developed based on the Bayesian formula and information *** demonstrate how the model works,an exemplar problem with an instantaneous release of a contaminant in a confined groundwater aquifer was *** information entropy of the model parameters posterior distribution was used as a criterion to evaluate the monitoring data quantity *** optimal monitoring well position and monitoring frequency were solved by the two-step Monte Carlo method and differential evolution algorithm given a known well monitoring locations and monitoring *** on the optimized monitoring well position and sampling frequency,the contamination source was identified by an improved Metropolis algorithm using the Latin hypercube sampling *** case study results show that the following parameters were obtained:1)the optimal monitoring well position(D)is at(445,200);and 2)the optimal monitoring frequency(Δt)is 7,providing that the monitoring events is set as 5 *** the optimized monitoring well position and frequency,the mean errors of inverse modeling results in source parameters(M,X0,Y0,T0)were 9.20%,0.25%,0.0061%,and 0.33%,*** optimized monitoring well position and sampling frequency canIt was also learnt that the improved Metropolis-Hastings algorithm(a Markov chain Monte Carlo method)can make the inverse modeling result independent of the initial sampling points and achieves an overall optimization,which significantly improved the accuracy and numerical stability

关键词： Contamination source identification monitoring well optimization Bayes’Theorem information entropy differential evolution algorithm Metropolis Hastings algorithm Latin hypercube sampling

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Endoscopic management of difficult common bile duct stones:Where are we now?A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第44期27卷 7597-7611页

作者： Alberto Tringali Deborah Costa Alessandro Fugazza Matteo colombo Kareem Khalaf Alessandro Repici Andrea Anderloni Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Department of MedicineConegliano HospitalULSS 2 Marca TrevigianaConegliano 31015Italy Digestive Endoscopy Unit Department of GastroenterologyHumanitas Research Hospital IRCCSRozzano 20089MilanItaly Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityPieve Emanuele 20072MilanItaly

Endoscopic management for difficult common bile duct(CBD)stones still presents a challenge for several reasons,including anatomic anomalies,patients’individual conditions and stone *** recent years,variable methods have emerged that have attributed to higher stone removal success rates,reduced cost and lower adverse *** this review,we outline a stepwise approach in CBD stone *** first line therapy,endoscopic sphincterotomy and large balloon dilation are recommended,due to a 30%-50%reduction of the use of mechanical *** the other hand,cholangioscopy-assisted lithotripsy has been increasingly reported as an effective and safe alternative technique to mechanical lithotripsy but remains to be reserved in special settings due to limited large-scale *** discussed,findings suggest that management needs to be tailored to the patient’s characteristics and anatomical ***,we evaluate the management of CBD stones in various surgical altered anatomy(Billroth II,Roux-en-Y and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass).Moreover,we could conclude that cholangioscopy-assisted lithotripsy needs to be evaluated for primary use,rather than following a failed management *** addition,we discuss the importance of dissecting other techniques,such as the primary use of interventional endoscopic ultrasound for the management of CBD stones when other techniques have *** conclusion,we recognize that endoscopic sphincterotomy and large balloon dilation,mechanical lithotripsy and intraductal lithotripsy substantiate an indication to the management of difficult CBD stones,but emerging techniques are in rapid evolution with encouraging results.

关键词： Common bile duct stones Balloon dilation Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Endoscopic ultrasonography Anastomoses,Roux en y Double balloon enteroscopy Mechanical lithotripsy Cholangioscopy

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Bsm I(rs1544410) and Fok I(rs2228570) vitamin D receptor polymorphisms, smoking, and body mass index as risk factors of cutaneous malignant melanoma in northeast Italy

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2017年第3期14卷 302-318页

作者： Sabina Cauci Vincenzo Maione Cinzia Buligan Martina Linussio diego Serraino Giuseppe Stinco Department of Medicine University of UdineUdine 33100Italy Dermatology Clinic University Hospital of Brescia Brescia 25123Italy Dermatology Clinic University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Unit of Cancer Epidemiology CRO Aviano National Cancer InstituteAviano 33081Italy

Objective:To investigate whether vitamin D receptor gene(VDR)Bsm I-rs1544410 and Fok I-rs2228570 polymorphisms,smoking duration,and body mass index(BMI)are risk factors for cutaneous melanoma,especially metastatic ***:We studied 120 cutaneous melanoma cases[68 stage I and II non-metastatic melanoma(NMet M)patients,plus 52Stage III and IV metastatic melanoma(Met M)patients],and 120 matching healthy controls from northeast *** polymorphisms were measured by restriction fragment length polymorphism *** or presence of Bsm I and Fok I restriction sites was denoted by"B"and"F"or by"b"and"f,"***:VDR-Bsm I bb genotype was more frequent among Met M(32.7%)than among NMet M cases(13.2%),with odds ratio(OR)=*** of all melanoma patients vs healthy controls showed that the following biomarkers were at risk:≥20 years of smoking(OR=2.43);≥20 years of smoking combined with bb(OR=4.78),Bb+bb(OR=2.30),Ff(OR=3.04),and Ff+ff(OR=3.08);obesity(BMI>30Conclusions:Risk factors for cutaneous Met M include two VDR polymorphisms combined with smoking duration and *** suggest gene-environment implications in melanoma susceptibility and *** studies in larger cohorts and in subjects with different genetic background are warranted to extend our findings.

关键词： Vitamin D receptor VDR polymorphism cutaneous melanoma metastatic melanoma smoking body mass index obesity skin cancer

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Adsorption and affinity of Escherichia coli to different aggregate sizes of a silty clay soil

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2013年第4期28卷 535-543页

作者： Filipe BEHRENDS KRAEMER Celio Ignacio CHAGAS diego Julian COSENTINO Lucas Alejandro GARIBALDI Department of Soil Use and Management School of Agronomy Buenos Aires University National University of Rio Negro Andina branch 4. Argentina and National Scientificand Technical Research Council(CONICET) Department of Edaphology School of Agronomy Buenos Aires University

The sediments produced by water erosion are the main source of pollution of agricultural origin of surface water *** sediments may be associated to bacteria,compromising the quality of nearby water ***,to understand this biological contamination,it is necessary to find out the adsorption capacity and bacterial affinity to aggregate sizes that may result in a differential *** this end,in the present work,the distribution,adsorption capacity and affinity to different aggregate sizes of two strains of Escherichia coli in two liquid media of contrasting ionic strength were evaluated in a silty clay *** 2 μm,the 20—50um fraction was the one that showed the highest bacterial adsorption in both liquid media(37.9%).On the other hand,the highest values of bacterial affinity were found in the 20 to 50 μm fraction(coarse silt) in the low ionic strength media and 20—50 and >50 μm in the high ionic strength ***,the bacterial strains used revealed only some trends in the modification of these *** work contributes to the development and implementation of strategies to mitigate pollution,such as control of sediment generation and its subsequent capture in filter strips.

关键词： Biological contamination Surface transport Water quality

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