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Distribution of Malpighia mexicana in Mexico and its implications for Barranca del Río Santiago

Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第3期32卷 1095-1103页

作者： Martín Tena Meza Rafael MaNavarro-Cerrillo diego brizuela torres Instituto de Botánica Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y AgropecuariasUniversidad de GuadalajaraMéxicoCamino Ramón Padilla Sánchez No.2100.Nextipac45200 ZapopanJaliscoMexico Depto.Ingeniería Forestal Laboratorio de SelviculturaDendrocronología y Cambio ClimáticoDendrodatLab-ERSAFUniversidad de CórdobaCampus de RabanalesCtra.N-IVkm.39614071 CórdobaSpain Departamento de Producción Forestal Centro Universitario de CienciasBiológicas y AgropecuariasUniversidad de GuadalajaraMéxicoCamino Ramón Padilla Sánchez No.2100 Nextipac45200 ZapopanJaliscoMexico

Wild plants represent relatively unexplored resource of high economic potential,especially as an alternative to developing new crops and,even more relevant,for improving existing crops and contributing to nutrition and *** wild species M alpighia mexicana(manzanita)has a wide tradition of food,medicinal and ornamental use in *** is part of the American-origin group of tropical shrubs that produce edible red fruits,such as A cerola,which is considered the most important natural source of vitamin C in the *** the role played by *** in Mexico,and particularly in Barranca del Río Santiago(Santiago River Canyon),we modelled its potential distribution in both geographical *** used species'records from databases,local herbaria and records collected by the authors as well as climatic variables representing long term average,variability and extreme conditions of temperature and *** fit the models we used the modelling algorithm Maxent and selected an adequate configuration by testing a range of model complexity *** results indicate a clear species preference for warm-dry tropical forest,most extensively in the Balsas river depression and the central valleys of *** probability of the species presence in the western region was also high,although the probability was also high for smaller surface areas,such as the region of Santiago river canyons,which are covered by warm-dry tropical forests.

关键词： Malpighia mexicana Maxent Warmdry tropical forest Río Santiago Genetic resources Ecological niche model Manzanita

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Cognitive disorder and dementia in type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2022年第4期13卷 319-337页

作者： Genaro G Ortiz Miguel Huerta Héctor A González-Usigli Erandis D torres-Sánchez Daniela LC Delgado-Lara Fermín P Pacheco-Moisés Mario A Mireles-Ramírez Blanca MG torres-Mendoza Roxana I Moreno-Cih Irma E Velázquez-brizuela Department of Philosophical and Methodological Disciplines University Health Sciences CenterUniversity of GuadalajaraGuadalajara 44340JaliscoMexico Department of Neurology Movement Disorders ClinicSub-Specialty Medical UnitNational Western Medical CenterMexican Social Security Institute(IMSS)Guadalajara 44340JaliscoMexico University Biomedical Research Center University of ColimaColima 28040Mexico Department of Medical and Life Sciences University Center of‘La Ciénega’University of GuadalajaraOcotlán 47810JaliscoMexico Department of Chemistry University Center of Exact Sciences and EngineeringUniversity of GuadalajaraGuadalajara 44340JaliscoMexico Division of Neurosciences Western Biomedical Research CenterMexican Social Security Institute(IMSS)Guadalajara 44340JaliscoMexico Gerontology Postgraduate Program Public Health DepartmentUniversity Health Sciences CenterUniversity of GuadalajaraGuadalajara 44340JaliscoMexico

Insulin,a key pleiotropic hormone,regulates metabolism through several signaling pathways in target tissues including skeletal muscle,liver,and *** the brain,insulin modulates learning and memory,and impaired insulin signaling is associated with metabolic dysregulation and neurodegenerative *** the receptor level,in aging and Alzheimer’s disease(AD)models,the amount of insulin receptors and their functions are *** and animal model studies suggest that memory improvements are due to changes in insulin ***,diabetes mellitus(DM)and insulin resistance are associated with age-related cognitive decline,increased levels ofβ-amyloid peptide,phosphorylation of tau protein;oxidative stress,pro-inflammatory cytokine production and dyslipidemia. Recent evidence shows that deleting brain insulin receptors leads to mildobesity and insulin resistance without influencing brain size and apoptosis ***, deleting insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) affects brain size anddevelopment, and contributes to behavior changes. Insulin is synthesized locally in the brain andis released from the neurons. Here, we reviewed proposed pathophysiological hypotheses toexplain increased risk of dementia in the presence of DM. Regardless of the exact sequence ofevents leading to neurodegeneration, there is strong evidence that mitochondrial dysfunctionplays a key role in AD and DM. A triple transgenic mouse model of AD showed mitochondrialdysfunction, oxidative stress, and loss of synaptic integrity. These alterations are comparable tothose induced in wild-type mice treated with sucrose, which is consistent with the proposal thatmitochondrial alterations are associated with DM and contribute to AD development. Alterationsin insulin/IGF-1 signaling in DM could lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and low antioxidantcapacity of the cell. Thus, insulin/IGF-1 signaling is important for increased neural processing andsystemic metabolism, a

关键词： Alzheimer´s disease Diabetes mellitus Insulin Vascular dementia Cognitive decline

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