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纸尿裤废弃物处理问题解决的新方案

生活用纸 2020年第12期20卷 74-75页

作者： diaper testing international Carlos Richer diaper testing international Carlos Richer

多年来行业对于使用过的纸尿裤废弃物处理问题一直没有很好的解决方案。迄今为止,对于纸尿裤废弃物一直是直接焚烧用于能量回收(在欧洲很受欢迎)或转化为RDF(垃圾衍生燃料),用于工业领域中产生热量。可生物降解纸尿裤废弃物的处理通常... 详细信息

多年来行业对于使用过的纸尿裤废弃物处理问题一直没有很好的解决方案。迄今为止,对于纸尿裤废弃物一直是直接焚烧用于能量回收(在欧洲很受欢迎)或转化为RDF(垃圾衍生燃料),用于工业领域中产生热量。可生物降解纸尿裤废弃物的处理通常是被送到厌氧性垃圾填埋场填埋处理,令大多数人惊讶的是,这种处理却不比焚烧处理更环保,尤其是如果垃圾填埋场未配备甲烷气体回收系统,或对于材料可循环利用的纸尿裤无法通过日光完全干燥,需要使用离心机和干燥器进行预处理。

关键词：废弃物处理垃圾填埋场垃圾衍生燃料填埋处理焚烧处理纸尿裤能量回收 RDF

Conductivity of (Zr_(1-x)M_x)O_2, Ceramic

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international Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2000年第1期14卷 45-47页

作者： Fushen Li Ning Chen Lifen Li Yang Li Laboratory on Solid Electrolytes and Metallurgical testing Techniques, Beijing, 100083, China Laboratory on Solid Electrolytes and Metallurgical testing Techniques Beijing 100083 China

In the ZrO_2-based ceramic systems doped with different oxides (Y_(2)O_3, MgO and Al_(2)O_3), the behaviors of electronic and ionic conductivity have been investigated by the quantum chemical SCF-X_α-SW method. The results of the electronic energy spectra and local state density of atoms show that, for the ZrO_2 system doped with Al_2O_3, the energy gap near the Fermi energy level becomes smaller, which implies that the electronic conductivity increases. Since the binding energy between Al and O atoms is increased, the energy for oxygen vacancy migrating is enhanced and the ionic conductivity decreases. In the M_xO_y-doped ZrO_2 systems, due to the doping effect of Al_2O_3, MgO and Y_2O_3, the ionic conductivity increases successively, and the electronic conductivity decreases successively. The cal- culation results are in agreement with that of references and experience.

关键词： Zirconia Doping Conductivity, SCF-Xα -SW method

间变性淋巴瘤激酶酪氨酸激酶抑制剂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌中国专家建议(2024版)

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中华医学杂志 2024年第7期104卷 473-485页

作者：中国医师协会肿瘤医师分会中国医疗保健国际交流促进会肿瘤内科学分会石远凯郝学志汪麟韩晓红王征朱豪华谢同济陈馨蕊谢祖成不详国家癌症中心国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院内科抗肿瘤分子靶向药物临床研究北京市重点实验室北京100021 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院临床药理中心北京医院病理科

间变性淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)融合是非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)重要的驱动基因之一。ALK酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(ALK-TKI)对ALK融合基因阳性NSCLC患者有显著疗效。截至2023年6月27日,克唑替尼、塞瑞替尼、阿来替尼、恩沙替尼、布格替尼、洛拉替尼和伊鲁阿... 详细信息

间变性淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)融合是非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)重要的驱动基因之一。ALK酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(ALK-TKI)对ALK融合基因阳性NSCLC患者有显著疗效。截至2023年6月27日,克唑替尼、塞瑞替尼、阿来替尼、恩沙替尼、布格替尼、洛拉替尼和伊鲁阿克等共7种ALK-TKI被中国国家药品监督管理局(NMPA)批准上市(按照获得NMPA批准上市时间排序),为ALK融合基因阳性晚期NSCLC患者提供了针对性的治疗选择。为规范ALK-TKI的使用,中国医师协会肿瘤医师分会和中国医疗保健国际交流促进会肿瘤内科学分会组织专家编写了《间变性淋巴瘤激酶酪氨酸激酶抑制剂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌中国专家建议(2024版)》。本专家建议从ALK融合基因检测、ALK-TKI靶向治疗、ALK-TKI不良反应管理以及治疗后患者随诊等4个方面给出推荐意见,为中国ALK融合基因阳性晚期NSCLC患者的规范治疗提供参考。

关键词：癌,非小细胞肺间变性淋巴瘤激酶酪氨酸激酶抑制剂专家建议

Influence of Conductivity of Slag on Decarburization Reaction

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international Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 1998年第1期12卷 20-22页

作者： Xionggang Lu Fushen Li Lifen Li Kouchih Chou (Laboratory on Solid Electrolytes and Metallurgical testing Techniques, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijin 100083, China) Laboratory on Solid Electrolytes and Metallurgical testing Techniques University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

By altering the electrochemical properties of slag, the decarburization reaction of Fe3+-based slag withFe-C droplet was studied. The results showed that a lot of free electrons and holes exist in the slag containing transition metal oxides (such as TiO2 and Fe2O3). So electronic conduction in the slag increases. Finally, it led to the increment of the decarburization reaction rate between slag and Fe-C droplet, and mass fraction of carbon remaining indroplet decreases to a lower level.

关键词： smelt slag electronic conductivity decarburization reaction

Slag-Resistance of MgAlON Spinel

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international Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2000年第2期14卷 96-98页

作者： Chengji Deng Yanruo Hong Xiangchong Zhong Jialin Sun(State Laboratory on Solid Electrolytes and Metallurgical testing Techniques, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Bejing100083, China) State Laboratory on Solid Electrolytes and Metallurgical testing Techniques University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

The slag-resistance and microstructural changes after the slag tests of MgAlON spinel containing different amount of nitrogenwere studied by means of crucible slag-resistant experiment, SEM and EDS in the work. The results show that the slag-resistance ofMgAlON is dependent on the nitrogen content, and the optimum amount is 2.88%. The strUcture is not changed although the grains havebeen permeated by some silicon, calcium and iron. A glass phase which contained nitrogen formed in the metaInorphic layeL The glasscan driprove the ability of the slag-resistance of MgAlON because of its higher viscosity.

关键词： MgAlON spinel slag resistance, refractory microstructure composite

Expert Consensus on Polymyxin Antimicrobial Susceptibility testing and Clinical Interpretation

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2021年第1期36卷 1-16页

作者： Qiwen Yang Xiaoling Ma Fupin Hu Jing Zhang Tongwen Sun Baiyi Chen Yingchun Xu Youning Liu Chinese Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility testing(ChiCAST) Expert Committee on Infectious Diseases,China Medical Education Association Department of Clinical Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of Laboratory Medicine the First Affiliated HospitalUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230001China lnstitute of Antibiotics Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China General ICU the First Affiliated HospitalZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Department of Infectious Diseases the First Affiliated HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110001China Department of Respiratory Medicine the First Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China 不详

The polymyxins are important antimicrobial agents against antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacilli.In 2020,the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute modified the clinical breakpoints for polymyxin susceptibility test by eliminating the"susceptible"interpretive category,only reporting intermediate(≤2 mg/L)and resistant(≥4 mg/L).However,the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility testing recommended the use of clinical breakpoints of W2 mg/L as susceptible and>2 mg/L as resistant.The first-line laboratorians and clinicians in China have been perplexed by the inconsistence of international polymyxin clinical breakpoints and discouraged by the difficulty of conducting polymyxin susceptibility testing.Therefore,it is urgently needed to make it clear for the laboratorians in China to know how to accurately carry out polymyxin susceptibility testing and standardize the interpretation of susceptibility testing results.To this end,the experts from relevant fields were convened to formulate this consensus statement on the testing and clinical interpretation of polymyxin susceptibility.Relevant recommendations are proposed accordingly for laboratorians and clinicians to streamline their daily work.

关键词： polymyxin antimicrobial susceptibility testing clinical interpretation expert consensus

Sintering Behavior and Microstructure of diphasic β-Sialon /Al_2O_3 Composites

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international Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 1997年第4期11卷 34-38页

作者： LI Youfen HONG Yanruo ZHONG Xiangchong LI Tingshou(National laboratory on Solid Electrolytes and Metallurgical testing Techniques, USTB, Beijing 100083, China)

Six compositions with different ratio of β-Sialon/Al2O3 were synthesized from Al2O3, Si3,N4 and SiO2 by sintering with 3%Y2O3(mass fraction) as addition under the cover with powders of SiC+C and at nitrogen atmosphere. Theeffects of atmosphere, sintering temperature and composition on the sintering behavior were studied. The results showedthat the composites reached the best sintering behavior with the highest density about 92% at 1 650℃ under the weakreduction atmosphere. Finally the relative density of diphasic β-Sialon and p-Sialon/Al2O3 composites were studied andpredicted using ANN (Artificial Neural Networks) method and the results were experimental examined by fore randomsamples.

关键词： β-Sialon sintering behavior microstructure ANN

Vaterite or aragonite observed in the prismatic layer of freshwater-cultured pearls from South China

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials international 2009年第7期19卷 817-820页

作者： Hongyan Maa, Anan Sua, Beili Zhangb, Ru-Kang Li a, Longchang Zhou a, Baoli Wang a a College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China b National Gemstone testing Center, Beijing 100013, China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China National Gemstone testing Center Beijing 100013 China

A prismatic layer is present in both freshwater-cultured pearls and seawater-cultured pearls. The phase structure of the prismatic layer of freshwater-cultured pearls is investigated for the first time and novel findings are reported in this paper. X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM) and micro-infrared (IR) spectroscopy were used to characterize the crystallized layers of high and low-quality freshwater-cultured pearls. Results show that there is no calcite in the prismatic layer of freshwater-cultured pearls, which is different from what was found for seawater-cultured pearls. We found that an aragonite phase was present in the prismatic layer of high-quality freshwater-cultured pearls and that a vaterite or aragonite phase was present in low-quality pearls. Based on this study an internal factor that influences the quality of freshwater-cultured pearls is discussed.

关键词： Vaterite Aragonite Prismatic layer Freshwater-cultured pearls

A fingerprint identification algorithm by clustering similarity

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2005年第4期48卷 437-451页

作者： TIAN Jie, HE Yuliang, CHEN Hong & YANG Xin Center for Biometric Research and testing (CBRT), Key Laboratory of Complex Systems and Intelligence Science, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Acad- emy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China Center for Biometric Research and testing (CBRT) Key Laboratory of Complex Systems and Intelligence Science Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

This paper introduces a fingerprint identification algorithm by clustering similarity with the view to overcome the dilemmas encountered in fingerprint identification. To decrease multi-spectrum noises in a fingerprint, we first use a dyadic scale space (DSS) method for image enhancement. The second step describes the relative features among minutiae by building a minutia-simplex which contains a pair of minutiae and their local associated ridge information, with its transformation-variant and invariant relative features applied for comprehensive similarity measurement and for parameter estimation respectively. The clustering method is employed to estimate the transformation space. Finally, multi-resolution technique is used to find an optimal transformation model for getting the maximal mutual information between the input and the template features. The experimental results including the performance evaluation by the 2nd international Verification Competition in 2002 (FVC2002), over the four fingerprint databases of FVC2002 indicate that our method is promising in an automatic fingerprint identification system (AFIS).

关键词： dyadic scale space (DSS) minutia-simplex multi-resolution comprehensive similarity.