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Can gene editing reduce postharvest waste and loss of fruit, vegetables, and ornamentals?

Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 51-71页

作者： Emma N.Shipman Jingwei Yu Jiaqi Zhou Karin Albornoz diane m.beckles Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Plant Biology Graduate Group University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Graduate Group of Horticulture&Agronomy University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Departamento de Produccion Vegetal Universidad de ConcepcionRegion del BioBioConcepcionChile

Postharvest waste and loss of horticultural crops exacerbates the agricultural problems facing humankind and will continue to do so in the next *** and vegetables provide us with a vast spectrum of healthful nutrients,and along with ornamentals,enrich our lives with a wide array of pleasant sensory *** commodities are,however,highly *** 33%of the produce that is harvested is never consumed since these products naturally have a short shelf-life,which leads to postharvest loss and *** loss,however,could be reduced by breeding new crops that retain desirable traits and accrue less damage over the course of long supply *** gene-editing tools promise the rapid and inexpensive production of new varieties of crops with enhanced traits more easily than was previously *** aim in this review is to critically evaluate gene editing as a tool to modify the biological pathways that determine fruit,vegetable,and ornamental quality,especially after *** provide brief and accessible overviews of both the CRISPR-Cas9 method and the produce supply ***,we survey the literature of the last 30 years,to catalog genes that control or regulate quality or senescence traits that are"ripe"for gene ***,we discuss barriers to implementing gene editing for postharvest,from the limitations of experimental methods to international *** conclude that in spite of the hurdles that remain,gene editing of produce and ornamentals will likely have a measurable impact on reducing postharvest loss and waste in the next 5-10 years.

关键词： crops editing harvest

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A near-complete cucumber reference genome assembly and Cucumber-DB,a multi-omics database

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molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1178-1182页

作者： Jiantao Guan Han miao Zhonghua Zhang Shaoyun Dong Qi Zhoul Xiaoping Liu diane m.beckles Xingfang Gul Sanwen Huang Shengping Zhang State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and FlowersChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenChina Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province College of HorticultureQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao266109China Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisOne Shield AvenueDavisCA95616USA

Dear Editor,Cucumber(Cucumis sativus)is a key vegetable crop and an essential model for genetics and genomics research in Cucurbitaceae,especially in studies on plant sex determination and vascular *** the first sequenced genome among vegetable crops,the cucumber reference genome has been a crucial genetic resource for comparative genomics and genetic ***,the latest version of the cucumber *** Long reference genome(CLv3.0),generated using PacBio long-reads data,is *** a predicted genome size of 350-367 mb,CLv3.0 encompasses only 226.2 mb,leaving 72 gaps and over 120 mb of unknown *** low assembly completeness(approximately 62%)is primarily due to the high proportion(~30%)of heterochromatic satellite and rDNA sequences in cucumber,substantially higher than that observed in many other species such as Arabidopsis,rice,maize,and watermelon,where it is less than 5%(Han et al.,2008;Huang et al.,2009;Li et al.,2019).

关键词： crops incomplete cucumber

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Natural variation in STAYGREEN contributes to low-temperature tolerance in cucumber

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第12期65卷 2552-2568页

作者： Shaoyun Dong Caixia Li Haojie Tian Weiping Wang Xueyong Yang diane mbeckles Xiaoping Liu Jiantao Guan Xingfang Gu Jiaqiang Sun Han miao Shengping Zhang State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and FlowersChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaOne Shield AvenueDavisCA 95616USA Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Low-temperature(LT)stress threatens cucumber production globally;however,the molecular mechanisms underlying LT tolerance in cucumber remain largely ***,using a genome-wide association study(GWAS),we found a naturally occurring single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)in the STAYGREEN(CsSGR)coding region at the gLTT5.1 locus associated with LT *** mutants of CsSGR generated by clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 exhibit enhanced LT tolerance,in particularly,increased chlorophyll(Chl)content and reduced reactive oxygen species(ROS)accumulation in response to ***,the C-repeat Binding Factor 1(CsCBF1)transcription factor can directly activate the expression of *** demonstrate that the LT-sensitive haplotype CsSGRHapA,but not the LT-tolerant haplotype CsSGR^(HapG)could interact with NON-YELLOW COLORING 1(CsNYC1)to mediate Chl *** distribution of the CsSGR haplotypes indicated that the CsSGR^(HapG)was selected in cucumber accessions from high latitudes,potentially contributing to LT tolerance during cucumber cold-adaptation in these *** mutants also showed enhanced tolerance to salinity,water deficit,and Pseudoperonospora cubensis,thus CsSGR is an elite target gene for breeding cucumber varieties with broad-spectrum stress ***,our findings provide new insights into LT tolerance and will ultimately facilitate cucumber molecular breeding.

关键词： chlorophyll CRISPR/Cas9 CsSGR cucumber GWAS low-temperaturetolerance

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Neuronal growth cones and regeneration: gridlock within th extracellular matrix

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第4期9卷 341-342页

作者： diane m.Snow Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center (SCoBIRC) Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyThe University of Kentucky

The extracellular matrix is a diverse composition of glycoproteins and proteoglycans found in all cellular systems. The extracellular matrix, abundant in the mammalian central nervous system, is temporally and spatially regulated and is a dynamic ＂living＂ entity that is reshaped and redesigned on a continuous basis in response to changing needs. Some modifications are adaptive and some are maladaptive. It is the maladaptive responses that pose a significant threat to successful axonal regeneration and/or sprouting following traumatic and spinal cord injuries, and has been the focus of a myriad of research laboratories for many years. This review focuses largely on the extracellular matrix component, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, with certain comparisons to heparan sulfate proteoglycans, which tend to serve opposite functions in the central nervous system. Although about equally as well characterized as some of the other proteoglycans such as hyaluronan and dermatan sulfate proteoglycan, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans are the most widely researched and discussed proteoglycans in the field of axonal injury and regeneration. Four laboratories discuss various aspects of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans and proteoglycans in general with respect to their structure and function （Beller and Snow）, the recent discovery of specific chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan receptors and what this may mean the field （Shen）, extracellular for increased advancements in matrix degradation by matrix metalloproteinases, which sculpt and resculpt to provide support for outgrowth, synapse formation, and synapse stability （Phillips et al.）, and the perilesion microenvironment with respect to immune system function in response to proteoglycans and central nervous system injuries （Jakeman et al.）.

关键词： cell CSPG gridlock within th extracellular matrix ECm

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Commentary on:“Facilitating transparency in spinal cord injury studies using data standards and ontologies”

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第1期9卷 8-9页

作者： diane m.Snow Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center(SCoBIRC) Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyThe University of Kentucky

Commentary most would agree that providing comprehensive detail in scientific reporting is critical for the development of mean- ingful therapies and treatments for diseases. Such stellar practices 1） allow for reproduction of experiments to con- firm results, 2） promote thorough analyses of data, and 3） foster the incremental advancement of valid approaches. Unfortunately, most would also agree we have far to go to reach this vital goal （Hackam and Redelmeier, 2006; Prinz et al., 2011; Baker et al., 2014）.

关键词： data Commentary on Facilitating transparency in spinal cord injury studies using data standards and ontologies SCI

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mener des recherches pluridisciplinaires en SHS dans le domaine du cancer:quels leviers,quels freins?Conducting multidisciplinary SHS Research in the Field of Cancer:Strengths and Barriers?

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Psycho-Oncologie 2024年第2期18卷 101-107页

作者： Sylvie Dolbeault manon Fontaine diane Boinon Service Psycho-Oncologie et Social Département de Soins de SupportInstitut CurieParis75005France SHARE PSL UniversityParis75005France CESP UniversitéParis SaclayVillejuif91190France Institut la Personne en médecine Institut de Recherche Saint LouisUniversitéParis CitéParis75013France Institut de Psycho-Oncologie Gustave RoussyVillejuif94805France Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé UniversitéParis CitéBoulogne-Billancourt92100France

This paper summarizes the work held at the Cancéropôle Ile-de-France's annual SHS research seminar on the theme:Pluridisciplinarity and methods for SHS research in thefield of *** clarifying the concepts of pluri-,inter-,and transdisciplinarité,it aimed to describe how this type of research is carried out in practice,addressing successively:the role of stakeholders and their respective positions,the need for a shared language,the various temporalities involved and task sharing,the interview and analysis methods as well as the implication of *** highlighted the personal qualities required to practice this type of research,such as psychologicalﬂexibility and adaptability,a strong desire for collaborative work,acceptance of risk,and a humble stance.

关键词： SHS research interdisciplinarity pluridisciplinarity strengths and barriers oncology

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Proteoglycans: Road Signs for Neurite Outgrowth

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第4期9卷 343-355页

作者： Justin A.Beller diane m.Snow Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center The University of Kentucky

Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as ＂traffic signals＂ for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involvement in the response following spinal cord injury are presented. The review further describes the methods routinely used to determine the effect proteoglycans have on neurite outgrowth. The effects of proteoglycans on neurite outgrowth are not completely understood as there is disagreement on what component of the molecule is interacting with growing neurites and this ambiguity is chronicled in an historical context. Finally, the most recent findings suggesting possible receptors, interactions, and sulfation patterns that may be important in eliciting the effect of proteoglycans on neurite outgrowth are discussed. A greater understanding of the proteoglycan-neurite interaction is necessary for successfully promoting regeneration in the iniured central nervous system.

关键词： chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans heparan sulfate proteoglycans glycosaminoglycans protein core extracellular matrix neuronal growth cones axon outgrowth and regeneration spinalcord injury glial scar tissue culture

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Conducting multi-Inter or Transdisciplinary Research in Oncology:What to Expect?How to Prepare?

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Psycho-Oncologie 2024年第4期18卷 377-379页

作者： Cassandra Patinet diane Boinon Sylvie Dolbeault UnitéTransversale de Recherche en Psychogénèse et Psychopathologie UniversitéSorbonne Paris NordVilletaneuse93430France Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil Unitéde médecine de l’adolescentCréteil94000France Laboratoire UTRPP UniversitéSorbonne Paris NordVilletaneuse93430France Gustave-Roussy Unitéde psycho-oncologieVillejuifF-94805France Laboratoire de psychopathologie et processus de santé UniversitéParis CitéBoulogne-BillancourtF-92100France Psycho-Oncology and Social Service Supportive Care DepartmentInstitut CurieParis75005France

Introduction La modification du regard portésur l’objet«soin»affecte les pratiques de soin,dans une réflexion non plus uniquement centrée sur le remède,sur le soin en tant que«cure»,mais sur«la façon dont on donne le soin»[1]au sens oùWinnicott entend le《care-cure》[2];favorisant ainsi le développement de pratiques de soin innovantes,portée par une réflexion collective et pluridisciplinaire autour des *** le soin en oncologie ne peut plus se penser ni se pratiquer en dehors d’une rencontre pluridisciplinaire autour du patient,il en va de même pour la recherche dans le domaine du cancer.

关键词： naire des collective

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Impact of body composition on survival and morbidity after liver resection in hepatocellular carcinoma patients

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2019年第1期18卷 28-37页

作者： Andreas Kroh diane Uschner Toine Lodewick Roman m Eickhoff Wenzel Sch?ning Florian T Ulmer Ulf P Neumann marcel Binneb?sel Department of General Visceral and Transplant Surgery University Hospital RWTH Aachen Institute of medical Statistics University Hospital RWTH Aachen Department of Surgery Maastricht University Medical Center Department of Radiology Zuyderland Medical Centre Department of Radiology Maastricht University Medical Centre

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common innate liver tumor. Due to improved surgical techniques, even extended resections are feasible, and more patients can be treated with curative intent. As the liver is the central metabolic organ, preoperative metabolic assessment is crucial for risk stratification. Sarcopenia, obesity and sarcopenic obesity characterize body composition and metabolic status. Here we present the impact of body composition on survival after liver resection in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. methods: A retrospective database analysis of 70 patients who were assigned for liver resection due to hepatocellular carcinoma was conducted. For assessment of sarcopenia and obesity, skeletal muscle surface area was measured at lumbar vertebra 3 level(L3) in preoperative four-phase contrast enhanced abdominal CT scans, and L3 muscle index and body fat percentage were calculated. Results: Univariate analysis comparing the survival curves using the score test demonstrated superior postoperative overall survival for sarcopenic( P = 0.035) and sarcopenic obese( P = 0.048) patients as well as a trend favoring obese( P = 0.130) subjects. Whereas multivariate analysis could not identify significant difference in postoperative survival regarding sarcopenia, obesity or sarcopenic obesity. Only large tumor size, multifocal disease and male gender were risk factors for long-term survival. Conclusions: Sarcopenia, obesity and sarcopenic obesity are indeed no risk factors for poor postoperative survival in this study. Our data do not support the evaluation of sarcopenia, obesity and sarcopenic obesity before liver resection in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Sarcopenia Obesity Sarcopenic obesity Liver resection

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Chinese nurses’ perceived impact of international educational experiences and cultural beliefs following a 1-year study abroad program: an exploratory study

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Frontiers of Nursing 2020年第1期7卷 23-29页

作者： Debra mWolf Hui-Xin Wub Kathleen Spadaro diane FHunker Nursing and Healthcare Informatics Chatham UniversityPittsburghPennsylvania 15232USA School of Nursing Davis&Elkins CollegeElkinsWest Virginia 26241USA School of Nursing Chatham UniversityPittsburghPennsylvania 15232USA

Objectives:To examine the perceived impact of international educational experiences and cultural beliefs before and after completing a 1-year masters of Science in Nursing ***:An exploratory study was conducted among Chinese nurses studying abroad in a private medium-sized university in the United *** 27-item electronic pre-survey was administered within 1 week of starting the program and the post-survey was administered 1 year later at the completion of the ***:majority of participants(n=25)were female,23–36 years of *** revealed that the perceived impact of international educational experiences assessed at the start of the program was similar to the perceived impact measured at the end of the 1-year program,suggesting that the students learned and experienced what they *** was a significant impact on cultural beliefs from the start of the program compared with the end of the program suggesting that a 1-year study abroad program does influence cultural ***:Understanding what is important to provide in a study abroad program and providing the educational experiences identified by students as impactful are avenues to help host universities best develop their *** suggested that the 1-year program can influence foreign students’cultural beliefs,yet the professional and personal impact of this change warrants further study.

关键词： international Chinese nurses cultural beliefs learning needs educational impact

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