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Use of the Nitrogen Index to assess nitrate leaching and water drainage from plastic-mulched horticultural cropping systems of Florida

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2016年第4期4卷 237-244页

作者： Edilene C.S.Marchi lincoln Zotarelli Jorge A.Delgado diane l.rowland Giuliano Marchi Instituto Federal de Educacao Ciencia e Tecnologia de BrasiliaCampus PlanaltinaDFRodovia DF-128-21-Zona Rural de PlanaltinaBrasilia-DF 73380-900Brazil University of Florida-Horticultural Science Department 1241 Fifield HallGainesvilleFL 32611USA USDA-ARS Soil Management and Sugar Beet Research Unit2150 Centre Ave.Building DSuite 100Fort CollinsCO 80526USA Agronomy Department University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Embrapa Cerrados Rod.BR 020km 18CP 08223CEP73310-970 Planaltina DFBrazil

Water quality in Florida is significantly impacted by nitrate(NO_(3)-N)leaching losses from agriculture in a large part of the *** crops are planted across large areas of Florida on coarse sandy soils with low soil water retention and soil organic matter,increasing the potential for NO_(3)-N *** leaching losses from the root zone of vegetable cropping systems can negatively impact *** tools such as the Nitrogen Index(N-Index)are able to quickly assess N use efficiency and losses via NO_(3)-N leaching from agricultural ***,the N-Index provides technical information about N losses pathways tied to agricultural management practices with a great level of confidence;this information has been used by researchers,growers and policymakers as a decision support ***,the current version of the NIndex that has been used for different field crops has not been calibrated to be used in plastic-mulched horticultural cropping *** aim of this work was to calibrate and validate the N-Index for plasticmulched horticultural cropping systems of *** study found that the N-Index tool accurately identified and ranked the risk of N losses in the evaluated horticultural *** N-Index was calibrated for Florida's plastic-mulched horticultural cropping systems using a sensitivity *** adjusted N-Index was validated using compiled data of vegetables grown under plastic mulching systems during three consecutive *** from these studies suggest that the N-Index can be an easy-to-use tool capable of assessing nitrogen management practices for vegetable *** tool can be used to guide nutrient managers in the implementation of best nitrogen management practices that could contribute to reduced NO_(3)-N leaching losses from vegetable systems in Florida,contributing to a smaller environmental footprint and conservation of water quality.

关键词： Florida,nitrogen management Nitrate leaching Water leaching,vegetables,plastic mulch

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Stress response silencing by an E3 ligase mutated in neurodegeneration

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四川生理科学杂志 2024年第1期46卷 21-21页

作者： diane l Haakonsen Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of California at Berkeley Berkeley CA USA Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of California at Berkeley Berkeley CA USA California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3) University of California at Berkeley Berkeley CA USA Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA

Stress response pathways detect and alleviate adverse conditions to safeguard cell and tissue homeostasis,yet their prolonged activation induces apoptosis and disrupts organismal *** stress responses are turned off at the right time and place remains poorly *** we report a ubiquitin-dependent mechanism that silences the cellular response to mitochondrial protein import stress.

关键词： homeostasis silence turned

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Influence of Production Factors on the Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Fermented Cassava Dough and Sensory Evaluation of Attieke

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 361-376页

作者： Weiléko Hélène Dougba Djedjro Clément Akmel Emmanuel Aya diane Boudouin Dibi Nogbou Emmanuel Assidjo laboratory of Industrial Processes for Environmental Synthesis and New Energies Institut National Polytechnique F&#233lix Yamoussoukro C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Department of Agro-Food and Food Industries UFR Agriculture Fisheries Resources and Agro-Industry University of San-Pedro San-Pedro C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

Attieke is an Ivorian semolina which obtained by fermenting, pressing and steaming cassava dough. Attieke production remains a traditional activity carried out by less literate women. However, perceived differences in measurable factors and attieke qualities require an investigation of their influence on the characteristics of the pressed dough and attieke. The aim of this study is to improve the quality of the dough in relation to that of the attieke produced. The experiment was carried out on 4 production factors, namely the type of boiled or braised ferment, the incorporation rate of the ferment between 8 and 10%, the addition of oil from 0.1 to 1% and the fermentation time from 12 to 15 hours applied to the Improved African Cassava (IAC) variety. A complete experiment design of 16 samples of fermented dough and attieke was employed. These samples underwent physic-chemical analyses for the fermented dough and sensory evaluation for the attieke. It was found that, except for titratable acidity, reducing sugar content and ash content, the physico-chemical characteristics of the dough of IAC variety were significantly influenced by all production factors and their interaction. Fermentation time significantly influences 60% of the physico-chemical characteristics of the fermented dough. The type of ferment, the oil addition and the ferment rate have a significant influence at 40% of these characteristics. At the sensory level, color, acidity and grain binding with an explained variance of 34.60% were essential for the appreciation of the attieke samples. Thus, these production factors could be considered for the improvement of the fermented dough and attieke production process.

关键词： Influence Production Fermented Dough Attieke

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Multi-Compartment SCFA Quantification in Human

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2024年第6期15卷 177-200页

作者： Jérémy Monteiro Antoine lefèvre diane Dufour-Rainfray Adeline Oury Gabrielle Chicheri laurent Galineau Hélène Blasco lydie Nadal-Desbarats Patrick Emond Imaging Brain & Neuropsychiatry iBraiN U1253 Universit de Tours INSERM MetaboHub Tours Tours France CHRU de Tours Service de Mdecine Nuclaire in Vitro Tours France Service de Biochimie et Biologie Molculaire CHRU Tours France

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) play an important role in human biochemistry. They originate primarily from the digestive system through carbohydrates microbial fermentation. Most SCFA produced in the colon are absorbed by the intestinal wall and enter the bloodstream to be distributed throughout the body for multiple purposes. At the intestinal level, SCFA play a role in controlling fat storage and fatty acid metabolism. The effects of these beneficial compounds therefore concern overall health. They facilitate energy expenditure and are valuable allies in the fight against obesity and diabetes. SCFA are also involved in the regulation of the levels of several neurotransmitters such as GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid), glutamate, serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. Their role is also highlighted in many inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or Parkinson’s disease (PD). To have a realistic picture of the distribution of SCFA in different biological compartments of the human body, we propose to study SCFA simultaneously in five human biological samples: feces, saliva, serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine, as well as in Dried Blood Spot (DBS). To evaluate their concentration and repeatability, we used 10 aliquots from pooled samples, analyzed by 3-nitrophenylhydrazine (3-NPH) derivation and liquid chromatography coupled with high sensitivity mass spectrometry (lC-QqQ-MS). We also evaluated the SCFA assay on Dried Blood Spot (DBS). In this work, we adapted the pre-analytical parts for each sample to be able to use a common calibration curve, thus facilitating multi-assay quantification studies and so being less time-consuming. Moreover, we proposed new daughter ions from the same neutral loss (43 Da) to quantify SCFAs, thus improving the sensitivity. In conclusion, our methodology, based on a unique calibration curve for all samples for each SCFA, is well-suited to quantified them in a clinical context.

关键词： lC-MS 3-Nitrophenylhydrazine Short-Chain Fatty Acids Human Biological Samples Quantification

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In vivo radiometric analysis of glucose uptake and distribution in mouse bone

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Bone Research 2016年第1期4卷 31-38页

作者： Meredith l Zoch diane S Abou Thomas l Clemens Daniel lJ Thorek Ryan C Riddle Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore USA Division of Nuclear Medicine an Molecular Imaging Department of Radiology and Radiological Science Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore USA Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center Baltimore USA Department of Oncology Cancer Molecular and Functional Imaging Program Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore USA

Bone formation and remodeling occurs throughout life and requires the sustained activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, particularly during periods of rapid bone growth. Despite increasing evidence linking bone cell activity to global energy homeostasis, little is known about the relative energy requirements or substrate utilization of bone cells. In these studies, we measured the uptake and distribution of glucose in the skeleton in vivo using positron-emitting 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose （[lSF]-FDG） and non-invasive, high-resolution positron emission tomography/computed tomography （PE~/CT） imaging and ex vivo autoradiography. Assessment of [~SF]-FDG uptake demonstrated that relative to other tissues bone accumulated a significant fraction of the total dose of the glucose analog..Skeletal accumulation was greatest in young mice undergoing the rapid bone formation that characterizes early development. PET/CT imaging revealed that [lSF]-FDG uptake was greatest in the epiphyseal and metaphyseal regions of long bones, which accords with the increased osteoblast numbers and activity at this skeletal site. Insulin administration significantly increased skeletal accumulation of [lSF]-FDG, while uptake was reduced in mice lacking the insulin receptor specifically in osteoblasts or fed a high-fat diet. Our results indicated that the skeleton is a site of significant glucose uptake and that its consumption by bone cells is subject to regulation by insulin and disturbances in whole-body metabolism.

关键词： bone FDG

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The computerized lASSI-BC Test versus the Standard lASSI-l Paper-and-Pencil Version in Community-Based-Samples

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2024年第1期13卷 11-25页

作者： Rosie E. Curiel Cid Alexandra Ortega Ubbo Visser Marcela Kitaigorodsky D. diane Zheng Diana Hincapie Kirsten Horne Crenshaw Ashleigh Beaulieu Brooke Bosworth liz Gallardo Emory Neer Sofia Ramirez Elizabeth A. Crocco Mike Georgiou Efrosyni Sfakianaki David A. loewenstein Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Miller School of Medicine University of Miami Miami FL USA Department of Computer Sciences University of Miami Coral Gables FL USA Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale FL USA Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Miller School of Medicine University of Miami Miami FL USA

Proactive Semantic Interference (PSI) and failure to recover from PSI (frPSI), are novel constructs assessed by the lASSI-l. These measures are sensitive to cognitive changes in early Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and preclinical AD determined by Aβ load using PET. The goal of this study was to compare a new computerized version of the lASSI-l (lASSI-Brief Computerized) to the standard paper-and-pencil version of the test. In this study, we examined 110 cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults and 79 with amnestic MCI (aMCI) who were administered the paper-and-pencil form of the lASSI-l. Their performance was compared with 62 CU older adults and 52 aMCI participants examined using the lASSI-BC. After adjustment for covariates (degree of initial learning, sex, education, and language of evaluation) both the standard and computerized versions distinguished between aMCI and CU participants. The performance of CU and aMCI groups using either form was relatively commensurate. Importantly, an optimal combination of Cued B2 recall and Cued B1 intrusions on the lASSI-BC yielded an area under the ROC curve of .927, a sensitivity of 92.3% and specificity of 88.1%, relative to an area under the ROC curve of .815, a sensitivity of 72.5%, and a specificity of 79.1% obtained for the paper-and-pencil lASSI-l. Overall, the lASSI-BC was comparable, and in some ways, superior to the paper-and-pencil lASSI-l. Advantages of the lASSI-BC include a more standardized administration, suitability for remote assessment, and an automated scoring mechanism that can be verified by a built-in audio recording of responses.

关键词： Mild Cognitive Impairment Proactive Semantic Interference lASSI-l Computerized Cognitive Assessment

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Immunovirological Discordance and Associated Factors among People living with HIV under Antiretroviral Treatment at Hôpital de Jour de Donka, Guinea

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第2期14卷 93-104页

作者： Mariama Sadjo Diallo Djiba Kaba Charles Tchibinda Delicat Issiaga Diallo Boh Fanta diane Doufin Traore Ousmane Niabaly Oumar Mouctar Diallo Ouo-Ouo Yaramon Kolie Aly Patrice Kamano Pascal Koivogui Ahmed Sékou Keita Mohamed Macire Soumah Thierno Mamadou Tounkara Mohamed Cisse Facult des Sciences et Techniques de la Sant Universit Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry Conakry Guine laboratoire de Biologie Molculaire Nestor Bangoura/Helene labrousse Hpital de Jour Donka CHU Donka Conakry Guine Centre dExcellence Africain Pour la Prvention et le Contrle des Maladies Transmissibles Conakry Guine Service de Dermatologie-Vnrologie CHU Donka Conakry Guine

The antiretroviral treatment (ART) has significantly reduced the number of new HIV/AIDS infections and related deaths. However, cases of immunovirological discordance (IVD) are found in various locations. The objective of this study was to determine the profile of People living with HIV (PlHIV) with IVD and to identify associated factors. We conducted a cross-sectional study based on the records of PlHIV under ART for at least 6 months, followed at Hpital de Jour Donka from 2015 to 2017, and having both viral load (CV) and CD4 T-cell count. Prevalence of IVD was 34.57%, with 23.87% for immunological discordance (ID) and 10.7% for virological discordance (VD). Females were predominant (66.26%), and male gender influenced IVD with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.006) and was associated with VD (p = 0.007). The average age was 38.77 11.30 years. PlHIV were classified at WHO stages 3 and 4 (86.01%). The median initial haemoglobin level was 11.5 g/l [3.2 - 12]. The mean initial CD4 T-cell count was 272.84 cells/mm3 201.6. The median initial viral load (Vl) was 147,337 copies/ml [1092 - 31,675,000]. The initial CD4 T-cell count 3 was associated with IVD with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0009) and correlated with ID (p = 0.000). Prurigo was associated with IVD with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.003). Cerebral toxoplasmosis was not associated with IVD but was associated with ID (p = 0.04). This study allowed us to describe the profile of PlHIV with IVD. The main associated factors were male gender, initial CD4 T-cell count 3, toxoplasmosis, prurigo, and herpes zoster.

关键词： HIV Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) Immunovirological Discordance Donka Guinea

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Accumulation of mutations in genes associated with sexual reproduction contributed to the domestication of a vegetatively propagated staple crop,enset

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 449-458页

作者： Kiflu Gebramicael Tesfamicael Endale Gebre Timothy J.March Beata Sznajder diane E.Mather Carlos Marcelino Rodríguez lópez Environmental Epigenetics and Genetics Group Department of HorticultureCollege of AgricultureFood and EnvironmentUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40546USA Policy Study Institute P.O.Box:2479Addis AbabaEthiopia School of Agriculture Food&WineThe University of AdelaideWaite CampusGlen OsmondSAAustralia

Enset(Ensete ventricosum(Welw.)Cheesman)is a drought tolerant,vegetatively propagated crop that was domesticated in *** is a staple food for more than 20 million people in *** its current importance and immense potential,enset is among the most genetically understudied and underexploited food *** collected 230 enset wild and cultivated accessions across the main enset producing regions in Ethiopia and applied amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFlP)and genotype by sequencing(GBS)analyses to these *** and cultivated accessions were clearly separated from each other,with 89 genes found to harbour SNPs that separated wild from cultivated *** these,17 genes are thought to be involved in flower initiation and seed *** cultivated accessions,differentiation was mostly associated with geographical location and with proximity to wild *** results indicate that vegetative propagation of elite clones has favoured capacity for vegetative growth at the expense of capacity for sexual *** is consistent with previous reports that cultivated enset tends to produce non-viable seeds and flowers less frequently than wild enset.

关键词： cultivated elite flowers

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Crossing the Border

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英语沙龙（高中） 2015年第9期 30-33,39页

作者： diane l. Brooks

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Camouflage Patterning in Maize leaves Results from a Defect in Porphobilinogen Deaminase

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Molecular Plant 2009年第4期2卷 773-789页

作者： Mingshu Huanga Thomas l. Slewinski R. Frank Baker , diane Janick-Buckner Brent Buckner Gurmukh S. Johal David M. Braun Department of Biology Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 Division of Science Truman State University Kirksville MO 63501 Department of Botany and Plant Pathology Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907

Maize leaves are produced from polarized cell divisions that result in clonal cell lineages arrayed along the long axis of the leaf. We utilized this stereotypical division pattern to identify a collection of mutants that form chloroplast pigmentation sectors that violate the clonal cell lineages. Here, we describe the camouflage1 （cfl） mutant, which develops nonclonal, yellow-green sectors in its leaves. We cloned the cfl gene by transposon tagging and determined that it encodes porphobilinogen deaminase （PBGD）, an enzyme that functions early in chlorophyll and heme biosynthesis. While PBGD has been characterized biochemically, no viable mutations in this gene have been reported in plants. To investigate the in vivo function of PBGD, we characterized the cfl mutant. Histological analyses revealed that cfl yellow sectors display the novel phenotype of bundle sheath cell-specific death. light-shift experiments determined that constant light suppressed cfl sector formation, a dark/light transition is required to induce yellow sectors, and that sectors form only during a limited time of leaf development. Biochemical experiments determined that of 1 mutant leaves have decreased PBGD activity and increased levels of the enzyme substrate in both green and yellow regions. Furthermore, the cfl yellow regions displayed a reduction in catalase activity. A threshold model is hypothesized to explain the cfl variegation and incorporates photosynthetic cell differentiation, reactive oxygen species scavenging, and PBGD function.

关键词： camouflage1 maize porphobilinogen deaminase tetrapyrrole biosynthesis variegated leaf.

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