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Variations in porcine colostrum oligosaccharide composition between breeds and in association with sow maternal performance

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第3期11卷 830-840页

作者： Paolo Trevisi diana luise Savanna Won Jaime Salcedo Micol Bertocchi Daniela Barile Paolo Bosi Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences University of BolognaViale G.Fanin 4640127 BolognaItaly Department of Food Science and Technology University of California-DavisOne Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA

Background:Oligosaccharides(OS)are indigestible carbohydrates naturally found in *** composition of porcine colostrum OS may influence the growth and the health of the neonate and consuming optimal concentrations of OS may reduce piglet susceptibility to *** this manner,targeted supplementation of animal feed with OS is being explored as a health management tool in the livestock *** variation in OS composition between different breeds of pig and its association with the litter performance is currently *** aim of this study was to characterize the colostrum OS composition from sows of different breed and parity and correlate this data with sow maternal ***:Eighty-three colostrum samples from parities 1 to 8 were gathered from 3 different breeds of sow:44 Large White sows,27 Landrace sows and 12 Duroc *** were taken between the birth of the first and the last piglet from sows that were not pharmacologically induced to *** were purified from the samples and analysed by MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry(21 OS compositions detected).The farrowing season and the maternal data were recorded for each sow,including the number of live piglets and the litter body weight at birth,at day(d)3 and at ***:Five OS compositions,including isomers of the bifidogenic Sialyllactose,Lacto-N-Tetraose and Lacto-NHexaose series,were detected in all the *** other OS were identified in at least 50%of samples,and their abundances were affected by breed(P<0.05;6 of 12),marginally affected by season(P<0.10;3 of 12)and never by parity *** abundances of each OS component were standardized by Z-score scaling(μ=0 and SD=1),transformed by principal component analysis,and four similarity clusters were *** membership was associated with litter weight gain within 3 days(P=0.063)and at weaning(P<0.05),but not with piglet mortality within 3 ***:OS composition of colostrum may partially explain the vari

关键词： MALDI-ToF analysis Milk Nutrient composition Pig breeds Piglet survival

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The effects of starter microbiota and the early life feeding of medium chain triglycerides on the gastric transcriptome profile of 2-or 3-week-old cesarean delivered piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第1期9卷 196-207页

作者： Paolo Trevisi Davide Priori Vincenzo Motta diana luise Alfons J.M.Jansman Sietse-Jan Koopmans Paolo Bosi DISTAL University of Bologna Viale Fanin 46 40127 Bologna Italy Wageningen University and Research Wageningen The Netherlands

Background： The stomach is an underestimated key interface between the ingesta and the digestive system, affecting the digestion and playing an important role in several endocrine functions. The quality of starter microbiota and the early life feeding of medium chain triglycerides may affect porcine gastric maturation. Two trials（T1, T2） were carried out on 12 and 24 cesarean-delivered piglets（birth, d0）, divided over two microbiota treatments, but slaughtered and sampled at two or three weeks of age, respectively. All piglets were fed orally： sow serum（T1） or pasteurized sow colostrum（T2） on d0; simple starter microbiota（Lactobacillus amylovorus, Clostridium glycolicum and Parabacteroides spp.）（d1-d3）; complex microbiota inoculum（sow diluted feces, CA） or a placebo（simple association, SA）（d3-d4） and milk replacer ad libitum（d0-d4）. The The T1 piglets and half of the T2 piglets were then fed a moist diet（CTRL）; the remaining half of the T2 piglets were fed the CTRL diet fortified with medium chain triglycerides and 7% coconut oil（MCT）. Total m RNA from the oxyntic mucosa was analyzed using Affymetrix？Porcine Gene array strips. Exploratory functional analysis of the resulting values was carried out using Gene Set Enrichment ***： Complex microbiota upregulated 11 gene sets in piglets of each age group vs. SA. Of these sets, 6 were upregulated at both ages, including the set of gene markers of oxyntic mucosa. In comparison with the piglets receiving SA, the CA enriched the genes in the sets related to interferon response when the CTRL diet was given while the same sets were impoverished by CA with the MCT ***： Early colonization with a complex starter microbiota promoted the functional maturation of the oxyntic mucosa in an age-dependent manner. The dietary fatty acid source may have affected the recruitment and the maturation of the immune cells, particularly when the piglets were early associated with a simplified starter microbiota.

关键词： Development Microbiota Pig Stomach Transcriptome

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Productive and physiological implications of top-dress addition of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on lactating sows and offspring

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 1080-1101页

作者： diana luise Federico Correa Claudio Stefanelli Aude Simongiovanni Tristan Chalvon-Demersay Maddalena Zini Luciano Fusco Paolo Bosi Paolo Trevisi Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences University of Bologna40127 BolognaItaly Department for Life Quality Studies Alma Mater StudiorumUniversity of Bologna47921 RiminiItaly Metex Noovistago 32 Rue Guersant75017 ParisFrance Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences Alma Mater StudiorumUniversity of Bologna40126 BolognaItaly Freelancer Reggio nell’EmiliaItaly.

Background Branched-chain amino acids(BCAAs),including L-leucine(L-Leu),L-isoleucine(L-Ile),L-valine(L-Val),and L-arginine(L-Arg),play a crucial role in mammary gland development,secretion of milk and regulation of the catabolic state and immune response of lactating ***,it has recently been suggested that free amino acids(AAs)can also act as microbial *** study aimed at evaluating whether the supplementation of lactating sows with BCAAs(9,4.5 and 9 g/d/sow of L-Val,L-Ile and L-Leu,respectively)and/or L-Arg(22.5 g/d/sow),above the estimated nutritional requirement,could influence the physiological and immunological parameters,microbial profile,colostrum and milk composition and performance of sows and their *** At d 41,piglets born from the sows supplemented with the AAs were heavier(P=0.03).The BCAAs increased glucose and prolactin(P<0.05)in the sows’serum at d 27,tended to increase immunoglobulin A(IgA)and IgM in the colostrum(P=0.06),increased the IgA(P=0.004)in the milk at d 20 and tended to increase lymphocyte%in the sows’blood at d 27(P=0.07).Furthermore,the BCAAs tended to reduce the Chao1 and Shannon microbial indices(P<0.10)in the sows’*** BCAA group was discriminated by Prevotellaceae_UCG-004,Erysipelatoclostridiaceae UCG-004,the Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and *** reduced piglet mortality pre-(d 7,d 14)and post-weaning(d 41)(P<0.05).Furthermore,Arg increased the IgM in the sow serum at d 10(P=0.05),glucose and prolactin(P<0.05)in the sow serum at d 27 and the monocyte percentage in the piglet blood at d 27(P=0.025)and their jejunal expression of NFKB2(P=0.035)while it reduced the expression of GPX-2(P=0.024).The faecal microbiota of the sows in Arg group was discriminated by *** combination of BCAAs and Arg tended to increase spermine at d 27(P=0.099),tended to increase the Igs(IgA and IgG,P<0.10)at d 20 in the milk,favoured the faecal colonisation of Oscillospiraceae UCG

关键词： Microbiota Post-weaning mortality Prolactin Sows diet

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Metabolomics characterization of colostrum in three sow breeds and its influences on piglets' survival and litter growth rates

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第3期9卷 618-629页

作者： Gianfranco Picone Martina Zappaterra diana luise Alessia Trimigno Francesco Capozzi Vincenzo Motta Roberta Davoli Leonardo Nanni Costa Paolo Bosi Paolo Trevisi Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL) Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna

Background: Colostrum is the first secretion produced by mammary glands during the hours immediately preceding and succeeding parturition. This secretion differs from milk and represents an essential vehicle of passive immunity,prebiotic compounds and growth factors involved in intestinal development. Most of the literature concerning colostrum composition refers mainly to human and cow; and little is known about pig colostrum metabolome and how it varies between pig breeds and different farrowing parity. Thus, the aim of the present research is to provide new information about pig colostrum composition and the associations between metabolites, the sows' breed and the survival and growth rates of their ***: Colostrum samples were gathered from 58 parturitions of sows belonging to three different breeds chosen for their importance in Italian heavy pig production: 31 Large White, 15 Landrace and 12 Duroc respectively. The defatted and ultrafiltered colostrum samples were analysed using1 H–NMR spectroscopy. Principal Components Analysis(PCA) was assessed on the obtained spectra. In addition, using a Stepwise Regression and a Linear Regression analyses the metabolites named after the signals assignment were tested for their associations with piglets' ***-five metabolites were identified, comprehending monosaccharides, disaccharides(such as lactose), organic acids(lactate, citrate, acetate and formate), nitrogenous organic acids(such as creatine) and other compounds,including nucleotides. PCA results evidence a clustering due to breed and season effects. Lactose was the main compound determining the assignment of the samples into different clusters according to the sow breed. Furthermore, some metabolites showed to be associated with piglets' performance and survival traits: acetate and taurine were positively related to litter weight gain and piglets' survival rate, respectively, while dimethylamine and cis-aconitate were linked to new-borns'

关键词： Colostrum 1H–NMR spectroscopy Metabolome Pig breeds Piglets survival

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Bacillus sp. probiotic supplementation diminish the Escherichia coli F4ac infection in susceptible weaned pigs by influencing the intestinal immune response, intestinal microbiota and blood metabolomics

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第1期11卷 95-110页

作者： diana luise Micol Bertocchi Vincenzo Motta Chiara Salvarani Paolo Bosi Andrea Luppi Flaminia Fanelli Maurizio Mazzoni Ivonne Archetti Giuseppe Maiorano Bea K.K.Nielsen Paolo Trevisi Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences University of BolognaViale G.Fanin 4640127 BolognaItaly Department of Agricultural Environmental and Food SciencesUniversity of MoliseVia F.De SanctisCampobassoItaly Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna Bruno Ubertini V.Bianchi 925124 BresciaItaly Endocrinology Unit and Center for Applied Biomedical Research Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Bologna–S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospitalvia Massarenti 940138 BolognaItaly Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences University of BolognaVia.Tolara di Sopra 5040064 Ozzano EmiliaItaly Chr.Hansen A/S Boege Allé10-122970 HoersholmDenmark

Background:Probiosis is considered a potential strategy to reduce antibiotics use and prevent postweaning diarrhea(PWD).This study investigated the effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DSM25840 or Bacillus subtilis DSM25841 supplementation on growth,health,immunity,intestinal functionality and microbial profile of post-weaning pigs after enterotoxigenic ***(ETEC)F4 ***:Sixty-four post-weaning piglets(7748 g±643 g)were randomly al ocated to four groups:control basal diet(CO);CO+1.28×10~6 CFU/g of ***(BAA);CO+1.28×10~6 CFU/g feed of ***(BAS);CO+1 g colistin/kg of feed(AB).At day(d)7,animals were chal enged with 10~5 CFU/m L of ETEC F4 ac O149 and then fol owed for fecal score and performance until d *** was col ected at d 6,d 12 and d 21 for immunoglobulins,at d 8 for acute phase proteins,at d 8 and d 21 for metabolomics *** was sampled for morphometry,quantification of apoptosis,cel proliferation,neutral and acid mucine and Ig A secretory cel s,and microarray analysis at d *** and cecum contents were col ected for microbiota at d ***:AB and BAS reduced the fecal score impairment compared to CO(P<0.05)at d *** weight(BW),average daily weight gain(ADWG),average daily feed intake(ADFI)and gain to feed ratio(G:F)did not differ between Bacil us groups and *** improved BW at d 7,d 14 and d 21,ADWG ADFI and G:F from d 0 to d 7(P<0.05).At d 8,CO had higher plasma arginine,lysine,ornithine,glycine,serine and threonine than other groups,and higher haptoglobin than AB(P<0.05).At d 21,CO had lower blood glycine,glutamine and Ig A than ***,cel s apoptosis and mucins did not *** and AB increased the vil us mitotic *** profile of BAS and AB were more similar than *** sets related to adaptive immune response were enriched in BAA,BAS and *** had enriched gene set for nuclear structure and RNA *** had a trend of higher Enterobacteriaceae in cecum than the oth

关键词： Bacil us amyloliquefaciens Bacil us subtilis Diarrhea ETEC Gut microbiota Post-weaning Transcriptomics

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Methodology and application of Escherichia coli F4 and F18 encoding infection models in post-weaning pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第3期10卷 559-578页

作者： diana luise Charlotte Lauridsen Paolo Bosi Paolo Trevisi Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL) Alma Mater Studiorum-University of BolognaBolognaItaly Faculty of Science and Technology Department of Animal ScienceAarhus UniversityTjeleDenmark

The enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) expressing F4 and F18 fimbriae are the two main pathogens associated with post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) in *** growing global concern regarding antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has encouraged research into the development of nutritional and feeding strategies as well as vaccination protocols in order to counteract the PWD due to ETEC.A valid approach to researching effective strategies is to implement piglet in vivo challenge models with ETEC ***,the proper application and standardization of ETEC F4 and F18 challenge models represent an urgent *** current review provides an overview regarding the current piglet ETEC F4 and F18 challenge models;it highlights the key points for setting the challenge protocols and the most important indicators which should be included in research studies to verify the effectiveness of the ETEC *** on the current review,it is recommended that the setting of the model correctly assesses the choice and preconditioning of pigs,and the timing and dosage of the ETEC ***,the evaluation of the ETEC challenge response should include both clinical parameters (such as the occurrence of diarrhea,rectal temperature and bacterial fecal shedding) and biomarkers for the specific expression of ETEC F4/F18 (such as antibody production,specific F4/F18 immunoglobulins (lgs),ETEC F4/F18 fecal enumeration and analysis of the F4/F18 receptors expression in the intestinal brush borders).On the basis of the review,the piglets' response upon F4 or F18 inoculation differed in terms of the timing and intensity of the diarrhea development,on ETEC fecal shedding and in the piglets' immunological antibody *** information was considered to be relevant to correctly define the experimental protocol,the data recording and the sample *** challenge settings and evaluation of the response parameters will allow future research studies to comply w

关键词： Biomarkers Challenge ETEC Piglet Post-weaning

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Foraging valor linked with aggression:selection against completely abandoning aggression in the high-elevation ant Tetramorium alpestre?

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 953-970页

作者： Marie-luise Contala Patrick Krapf Florian M.Steiner Birgit C.Schlick-Steiner Molecular Ecology Group Department of EcologyUniversitat InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria rganismal&Evolutionary Biology Research Programme University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland

Aggression has multiple benefits and is often coupled with other behaviors("behavioral syndromes").The level of aggressiveness is influenced by an adaptive benefit-cost ratio suggesting that benefits should outweigh the costs of ***,we assess if several behaviors are coupled in two behaviorally different populations(aggressive,peaceful)of the high-elevation ant Tetramorium *** three weeks,we collected colony fragments and analyzed boldness,exploring,foraging,and risk-taking *** hypothesized that the aggressive population is bolder,more explorative and risk-prone,and forages more food than the peaceful *** test whether(a)the combination of experiments and parameters used yields a good setup,(b)populations differ behaviorally,and(c)populations display behavioral syndromes,we assessed(a)the frequency of repeatable behaviors of each experiment,(b)the behavioral means among populations,and(c)the behavioral repeatability,*** found that(a)boldness and exploring were most repeatable and represent a good experimental setup,(b)the aggressive population was bolder and more explorative and risk-prone than the peaceful population,(c)boldness and exploring behaviors were highly repeatable in both populations,thus corroborating our *** results suggest that boldness,exploring,and risk-taking but not foraging are presumably coupled with aggression and indicate the presence of behavioral syndromes in this *** specific ecological conditions,aggression may be coupled with other behaviors and important for finding *** is probably adaptive in ***,possibly indicating that selection favors aggression at least partially,which may counteract the complete loss of intraspecific aggression.

关键词： adaptive value behavioral syndromes boldness exploration repeatability trade-off

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Methodology and application of Escherichia coli F4 and F18 encoding infection models in post-weaning pigs.

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畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版) 2019年第3期

作者： diana luise Charlotte Lauridsen Paolo Bosi Paolo Trevisi

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Variations in porcine colostrum oligosaccharide composition between breeds and in association with sow maternalperformance.

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畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版) 2020年第3期

作者： Paolo Trevisi diana luise Savanna Won Jaime Salcedo Micol Bertocchi Daniela Barile Paolo Bosi

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Metabolomics characterization of colostrum in three sow breeds and its influences on piglets’ survival and litter growth rates.

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畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版) 2018年第3期

作者： Gianfranco Picone Martina Zappaterra diana luise Alessia Trimigno Francesco Capozzi Vincenzo Motta Roberta Davoli Leonardo Nanni Costa Paolo Bosi Paolo Trevisi

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