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Optimization of the Mix-Design System for the Sub-ballast Railroad

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering 2017年第5期5卷 246-259页

作者： Martinez Soto Fernando di mino gaetano Department of Civil Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM) University of Palermo 90128 Palermo Italy Department of Civil Environmental Aerospace Materials Engineering (DICAM) University of Palermo 90128 Palermo Italy

Bituminous sub-ballast is an alternative solution to the unbound granular sub-ballast used in the railway track due to several benefits that it can provide. Indeed, it contributes to maintain the moisture content in the subgrade unchanged during all year. This decreases the subgrade deterioration process. Moreover, the presence of bituminous sub-ballast can also reduce vertical stiffness variations on the track; it can have a positive effect in the maintenance needs at transition sections （bridge-embankment） and in the attenuation of the vibrations induced by the rail traffic. Despite the importance of the presence of the bituminous sub-ballast to conceive the construction and/or rehabilitation of sustainable infrastructure, in literature, there are only fragmentary information regarding the definition of benchmark criteria for their mix design. The superpave mix design approach used in road domain is applied systematically in the railway domain, without being adjusted for different load configuration of the rail track system. This research work aims at defining the benchmark criteria for the bituminous sub-ballast mix design to reduce the approximations involved in the recipe optimization due to the limitation of applying the superpave system in the railway domain. The methodology proposed aims at selecting the RESAL （rail equivalent single axle load） and therefore, transforming the entire traffic spectrum on the track lines in number of ESALs. Afterwards, the Ndesign has been calculated as function of the rail traffic level. Finally, a case study of bituminous sub-ballast mix design has been investigated for a first verification of the methodology proposed.

关键词： Sub-ballast superpave railway bituminous layer ESAL Ndesign.

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Experimental Survey on Dry Asphalt Rubber Concrete for Sub-ballast Layers

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2012年第12期6卷 1615-1626页

作者： gaetano di mino Ciro Maurizio di Liberto Department of Civil Environmental and Aerospace Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Palermo Palermo 90128ltaly

This paper presents the results of an experimental survey on the potential application of DARC （dry asphalt rubber concrete） in rail superstructure, within sub-ballast layers by measuring its damping and mechanical properties. Based on the environmental friendly point of view the DARC has the significant advantage as the backfill material of sub-ballast layer because the rubber comes from the waste tires of truck and its usage can results a significant recycling of non-biodegradable wastes. After a preliminary mix-design of several DARCs, with different rubber content that confirmed by using the Marshall test, the stiffness modulus and damping ratio both of a standard bituminous mixture and of dry asphalt rubber concrete with a rubber content equal to 1.5% were determined using the four points bending device. The experimental results were compared and a numerical analysis by means of a 2D lumped mass model was developed in order to evaluate the different performance within the rail superstructure in terms both of the deflection and of the pressure on sub-grade. Both the results on the mechanical and dissipative properties of the DARC and the mechanical behavior of the correlate rail superstructure encourage the authors to continue the research on the application of such material for sub-ballast layers.

关键词： Damping stiffness modulus dry asphalt rubber concrete sub-ballast layers.

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Procedure for a Temperature-Traffic Model onRubberized Asphalt Layers for Roads and Railways

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering 2017年第4期5卷 171-202页

作者： Fernando Martinez Soto gaetano di mino Department of Civil Engineering University of Palermo Granada 18015 Italy Department of Civil Materials and Environmental Engineering University of Palermo Palermo 90134 Italy

The impact of temperature on the mechanical properties and thermal susceptibility of the railway bituminous sub-ballastlayer, has served as motivation to develop the advanced measurement of thermal cycles in this layer and, an evaluation of the averageseasonal temperatures interpolated by sinusoidal functions, of which characteristic parameters are determined. According to weathersituation, Barber＇s temperature model was used to prove the effectiveness for the railway superstructure. It is included the assessmentof improved modified asphalt mixes performed with coarse rubber from scrap tires, having 1.5 to 3 percent of crumb rubber （particlesize 0.2-4 mm） by weight of the total mix, as sub-ballast layer in railway and base layers on roads, recurring to the Superpave mixdesign compaction enhanced after computer simulations to evaluate real stresses derived from the rail traffic and climatic *** article following the assessment of the average seasonal temperatures, involves the characterization of rubberized materials withattention to crumb rubber properties, designed with dry technology, to enhance the bitumen-rubber and binder-voids ratios. Indirecttensile strength and water sensitivity tests were applied for the evaluation of its mechanical properties including dynamic complexmodulus at elevated temperature to measure the amount of bitumen absorbed by the rubber. The rubberized mix-results obtained andthe comparison with a conventional HMA （hot mix asphalt） show that these dry rubber bituminous mixtures are particularly effective indamping vibrations. The purpose of using rubber modifiers in hot mix asphalt to obtain a stiffer-elastic sustainable material has beenachieved for the assessment of its behavior in sub-ballast/base layers.

关键词： Superpave, rubber-modified asphalt, bituminous mixtures, temperature, compaction, sub-ballast, railway, indirect tensilestrength, trackbed design.

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A dissipated energy comparison to evaluate fatigue resistance using 2PB

A dissipated energy comparison to evaluate fatigue resistanc...

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ISAP2012重载沥青路面和桥面铺装专题会议

作者： Cinzia Maggiore Gordon Airey James Grenfell Paul Marsac gaetano di mino University of Nottingham

＜正＞Flexural fatigue due to repeated traffic loading is a process of cumulative damage and one of the main failure modes of flexible pavement ***,micro-cracks originate at the bottom of an asphalt concrete layer due to horizontal tensile ***-cracking starts to propagate towards the upper layers under repeated loading which can lead to pavement *** approaches are usually used to characterise fatigue resistance in asphalt mixtures including the phenomenological approach,the fracture mechanics approach and the dissipated energy *** paper presents a comparison of fatigue resistance calculated for different

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