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Inter-Laboratory Ring Trial to Evaluate Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Methods Used for <i>Dolphin Morbillivirus</i>Detection in Italy

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Advances in Microbiology 2019年第5期9卷 423-437页

作者： Zoccola Roberto Pautasso Alessandra Grattarola Carla Monnier Milena Miceli Ilaria Ingravalle francesco Crescio Maria Ines Giorda Federica Masoero Loretta Zaccaria Guendalina Purpari Giuseppa Cersini Antonella Viscardi Maurizio Serracca Laura Padalino Iolanda Puggioni Giantonella Canonico cristina Toffan Anna Centelleghe Cinzia di francesco cristina esmeralda Mazzariol Sandro di Guardo Giovanni Mignone Walter Casalone cristina Goria Maria Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d’Aosta Torino Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise Teramo Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia Palermo Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana Roma Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno Portici (NA) Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d’Aosta La Spezia Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e Basilicata Foggia Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna Sassari Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’ Umbria e delle Marche Ancona Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie Legnaro (PD) Italy University of Padova Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA) Legnaro (PD) Italy Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Teramo Teramo Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d’Aosta Imperia Liguria Italy

Dolphin Morbillivirus (DMV) is one of the most frequently detected pathogens in stranded cetacean specimens worldwide as well as in Italy. Due to the persistence of DMV in the Mediterranean Sea and to the lack of information about the efficiency of the available diagnostic techniques, the Italian National Reference Centre for diagnostic activities on dead stranded marine mammals (C.Re.di.Ma) performed the first inter-laboratory ring trial with the aim to standardize a diagnostic biomolecular approach for DMV in Italy. Viral isolation is usually considered the “gold standard” for the definitive diagnosis of most pathogens, but it is not often feasible in DMV diagnosis, due to the poor preservation of virus-targeted tissues in stranded cetacean carcasses, as well as to the lack of appropriate sensitivity of cell lines towards DMV variability. Therefore direct viral detection on tissues by means of reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) represents a valuable option for DMV infection’s diagnosis. For detecting DMV in cetacean die-offs occurred in the Mediterranean basin since 2013, C.Re.di.Ma developed an RT-PCR based method targeting to a 287 bp fragment of DMV nucleoprotein (N) gene. With the purpose to evaluate its performances in terms of accuracy (Se = sensitivity and Sp = specificity) and precision (reproducibility), it was submitted to a ring trial. So, 12 Public Laboratories belonging to the Italian dead stranded marine mammals diagnostic network were asked to analyze a panel of 40 samples (positive and negative for DMV, using different dilutions of a viral suspension obtained from a cell culture supernatant of a DMV strain) with the aforementioned technique. Furthermore, we also aimed at comparing the accuracy of other 7 molecular methods routinely applied for DMV detection in Italy. For this purpose, the second panel of identical 40 DMV +ve and -ve samples was provided to Laboratories that routinely used DMV detection methods other than those developed by C.Re.di.Ma, in order to be analyzed simultaneously with

关键词： Dolphin Morbillivirus RT-PCR Interlab Ring Test Method Comparison Stranded Cetaceans Mediterranean Sea

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Prevalence and features of SARS-CoV-2 infection in prisons in Tuscany

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第1期14卷 70-77页

作者： cristina Stasi Martina Pacifici Caterina Milli francesco Profili Caterina Silvestri Fabio Voller Epidemiology Unit Regional Health Agency of TuscanyFlorence 50141Italy Department of Medicine Surgery and NeuroscienceUniversity of SienaSiena 53100Italy

BACKGROUND Prisons can be a reservoir for infectious diseases,including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),due to the very intimate nature of the living spaces and the large number of people forced to share them.AIM To investigate the SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology in prisons,this study evaluated the infection incidence rate in prisoners who underwent nasopharyngeal swabs.METHODS This is an observational cohort study.Data collection included information on prisoners who underwent nasopharyngeal swab testing for SARS-CoV-2 and the results.Nasopharyngeal swab tests for SARS-CoV-2 were performed between 15 February 2021 and 31 May 2021 for prisoners with symptoms and all new arrivals to the facility.Another section included information on the diagnosis of the disease according to the International Classification of diseases,Ninth Revision,and Clinical Modification.RESULTS Up until the 31 May 2021,79.2%of the prisoner cohort(n=1744)agreed to a nasopharyngeal swab test(n=1381).Of these,1288 were negative(93.3%)and 85 were positive(6.2%).A significant association[relative risk(RR)]was found only for the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among foreigners compared to Italians[RR=2.4,95%confidence interval(CI):1.2-4.8].A positive association with SARS-CoV-2 infection was also found for inmates with at least one nervous system disorder(RR=4,95%CI:1.8-9.1).The SARS-CoV-2 incidence rate among prisoners is significantly lower than in the general population in Tuscany(standardized incidence ratio 0.7,95%CI:0.6-0.9).CONCLUSION In the prisoner cohort,screening and rapid access to health care for the immigrant population were critical to limiting virus transmission and subsequent morbidity and mortality in this vulnerable population.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Epidemiology Prison Prevalence Foreigners Swab tests

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Prognostic role of intestinal ultrasound in Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第23期29卷 3595-3605页

作者： cristina Manzotti francesco Colombo Tommaso Zurleni Piergiorgio Danelli Giovanni Maconi Gastroenterology Unit Department of Biomedical and Clinical SciencesUniversity of MilanL.Sacco University HospitalMilano 20157Italy division of General Surgery Department of Biomedical and Clinical SciencesUniversity of MilanL.Sacco University HospitalMilano 20157Italy

The majority of patients affected by Crohn’s disease(CD)develop a chronic condition with persistent inflammation and relapses that may cause progressive and irreversible damage to the bowel,resulting in stricturing or penetrating complications in around 50%of patients during the natural history of the disease.Surgery is frequently needed to treat complicated disease when pharmacological therapy failes,with a high risk of repeated operations in time.Intestinal ultrasound(IUS),a non-invasive,cost-effective,radiation free and reproducible method for the diagnosis and follow-up of CD,in expert hands,allow a precise assessment of all the disease manifestations:Bowel characteristics,retrodilation,wrapping fat,fistulas and abscesses.Moreover,IUS is able to assess bowel wall thickness,bowel wall stratification(echo-pattern),vascularization and elasticity,as well as mesenteric hypertrophy,lymph-nodes and mesenteric blood flow.Its role in the disease evaluation and behaviour description is well assessed in literature,but less is known about the potential space of IUS as predictor of prognostic factors suggesting response to a medical treatment or postoperative recurrence.The availability of a low cost exam as IUS,able to recognize which patients are more likely to respond to a specific therapy and which patients are at high risk of surgery or complications,could be a very useful instrument in the hands of IBD physician.The aim of this review is to present current evidence about the prognostic role that IUS can show in predicting response to treatment,disease progression,risk of surgery and risk of post-surgical recurrence in CD.

关键词： Intestinal ultrasound Crohn’s disease Postoperative recurrence Bowel wall thickness Remission Intestinal surgery

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Modified mesenchymal stem cells in cancer therapy: A smart weapon requiring upgrades for wider clinical applications

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2022年第1期14卷 54-75页

作者： Carla Vicinanza Elisabetta Lombardi francesco Da Ros Miriam Marangon cristina Durante Mario Mazzucato francesco Agostini Stem Cell Unit Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di AvianoIRCCSAviano 33081Italy

Mesenchymal stem stromal cells(MSC)are characterized by the intriguing capacity to home toward cancer cells after systemic administration.Thus,MSC can be harnessed as targeted delivery vehicles of cytotoxic agents against tumors.In cancer patients,MSC based advanced cellular therapies were shown to be safe but their clinical efficacy was limited.Indeed,the amount of systemically infused MSC actually homing to human cancer masses is insufficient to reduce tumor growth.Moreover,induction of an unequivocal anticancer cytotoxic phenotype in expanded MSC is necessary to achieve significant therapeutic efficacy.Ex vivo cell modifications are,thus,required to improve anti-cancer properties of MSC.MSC based cellular therapy products must be handled in compliance with good manufacturing practice(GMP)guidelines.In the present review we include MSCimproving manipulation approaches that,even though actually tested at preclinical level,could be compatible with GMP guidelines.In particular,we describe possible approaches to improve MSC homing on cancer,including genetic engineering,membrane modification and cytokine priming.Similarly,we discuss appropriate modalities aimed at inducing a marked cytotoxic phenotype in expanded MSC by direct chemotherapeutic drug loading or by genetic methods.In conclusion,we suggest that,to configure MSC as a powerful weapon against cancer,combinations of clinical grade compatible modification protocols that are currently selected,should be introduced in the final product.Highly standardized cancer clinical trials are required to test the efficacy of ameliorated MSC based cell therapies.

关键词： Cancer Mesenchymal stem stromal cells Good manufacturing practice Homing Targeted therapy Ex vivo cell modification

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diagnosis of acute intermittent porphyria in a renal transplant patient:A case report

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World Journal of Transplantation 2022年第1期12卷 8-14页

作者： cristina Sirch Niloufar Khanna Lynda Frassetto francesco Bianco Mary Louise Artero Nefrologia e dialisi Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano IsontinaTrieste 34100Italy Medicine California Northstate UniversityElk GroveCA 95757United States Internal Medicine Division of NephrologyUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94193United States

BACKGROUND Acute intermittent porphyria(AIP)is an inherited disorder of porphyrin metabolism with a worldwide distribution and a prevalence ranging from 1 to 9 per million population.AIP is caused by an autosomal dominant-inherited mutation of low penetrance resulting in a deficiency of porphobilinogen deaminase(PBGD)activity.Acute attacks are provoked by stressors such as certain medications,alcohol,and infection.We herein present the first case report of AIP detected in a post-renal transplant patient.CASE SUMMARY The patient was a 65-year-old man who underwent transplantation 2 years previously for suspected nephroangiosclerosis and chronic interstitial nephropathy.He subsequently developed diabetes mellitus which required insulin therapy.He had been treated in the recent past with local mesalamine for proctitis.He presented with classic but common symptoms of AIP including intense abdominal pain,hypertension,and anxiety.He had multiple visits to the emergency room over a 6-mo period for these same symptoms before the diagnosis of AIP was entertained.His urinary postprandial blood glucose level was 60 mg/24 h(normal,diet,and his symptoms slowly improved.CONCLUSION This case report describes a common presentation of an uncommon disease,in which post-transplant complications and medications may have contributed to precipitating the previously undiagnosed AIP.We hypothesize that the lowcarbohydrate diet and insulin with which our patient was treated may have led to the attacks of AIP.Alternatively,our patient’s mesalamine treatment for proctitis may have led to an acute AIP crisis.A high index of suspicion is needed to consider the diagnosis of a heme synthesis disorder,which presents with the common symptoms of abdominal pain,high blood pressure,and anxiety.

关键词： Acute intermittent porphyria Post-transplantation diabetes Mesalamine Tacrolimus Renal transplantation Case report

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Pledget-assisted hemostasis to fix residual access-site bleedings after double pre-closure technique

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World Journal of Cardiology 2022年第5期14卷 297-306页

作者： francesco Burzotta cristina Aurigemma Mila Kovacevic Enrico Romagnoli Stefano Cangemi Francecso Bianchini Marialisa Nesta Piergiorgio Bruno Carlo Trani dipartimento di Scienze Cardiovascolari Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy UniversitàCattolica del Sacro Cuore Rome 00168Italy Faculty of Medicine University of Novi SadNovi SadSerbia Institute of Cardiovascular diseases of Vojvodina Cardiology ClinicSremska KamenicaSerbia

BACKGROUND The use of pre-closure suture-based devices represents a widely access-site hemostasis technique in percutaneous transfemoral transcatheter-aortic-valvereplacement(TF-TAVR);yet this technique is associated with the risk of a device failure that may result in clinically relevant residual bleeding.Thus,a bailout intervention is needed.So far,the best management of pre-closure device failure has not been recognized.AIM To report the first clinical results obtained using a novel bailout hemostasis technique for patients with double suture-based vascular closure device failure in the setting of TF-TAVR.METHODS We developed a“pledget-assisted hemostasis”technique to manage residual access-site bleeding.This consists of the insertion of a surgical,non-absorbable,polytetrafluoroethylene pledget over the sutures of the two ProGlide(Abbott Vascular,CA,United States).The ProGlide’s knot-pushers are used to push down the pledget and the hand-made slipknot to seal the femoral artery leak.This technique was used as a bailout strategy in patients undergoing TF-TAVR with a systematic double pre-closure technique.Post-procedural access-site angiography was systematically performed.In-hospital complications were systematically detected and classified according to Valve Academic Research Consortium-2 criteria.RESULTS Out of 136 consecutive patients who underwent TF-TAVR,15 patients(mean age 80.0±7.2 years,66.7%female)with access-site bleeding after double pre-closure technique failure were treated by pledget-assisted hemostasis.In the majority of patients,16F sheath was used(n=12;80%).In 2 cases(13%),a peripheral balloon was also inflated in the iliac artery to limit blood loss during pledget preparation.Angiography-confirmed hemostasis(primary efficacy endpoint)was achieved in all patients.After the procedure,1 patient required blood transfusion(2 units),and no other bleeding or major ischemic complication was noticed.CONCLUSION The“pledget assisted hemostasis”might be considered as a possible bailout technique to treat

关键词： Transcatheter aortic valve replacement Transcatheter aortic valve implantation Vascular complications Preclosure device Pledget Hemostasis Personalized medicine

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Use of oleaginous plants in phytotreatment of grey water and yellow water from source separation of sewage

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第5期29卷 274-282页

作者： Maria cristina Lavagnolo Mario Malagoli Luca Alibardi francesco Garbo Alberto Pivato Raffaello Cossu Department of Industrial Engineering University of Padova via Lungargine Rovetta 8 35127 Padova Italy DAFNAE University of Padova viale dell'Universita 16 35020 Legnaro Italy

Efficient and economic reuse of waste is one of the pillars of modern environmental engineering. In the field of domestic sewage management,source separation of yellow（urine）,brown（faecal matter）and grey waters aims to recover the organic substances concentrated in brown water,the nutrients（nitrogen and phosphorous）in the urine and to ensure an easier treatment and recycling of grey waters. With the objective of emphasizing the potential of recovery of resources from sewage management,a lab-scale research study was carried out at the University of Padova in order to evaluate the performances of oleaginous plants（suitable for biodiesel production）in the phytotreatment of source separated yellow and grey waters. The plant species used were Brassica napus（rapeseed）,Glycine max（soybean）and Helianthus annuus（sunflower）. Phytotreatment tests were carried out using 20 L pots. different testing runs were performed at an increasing nitrogen concentration in the feedstock. The results proved that oleaginous species can conveniently be used for the phytotreatment of grey and yellow waters from source separation of domestic sewage,displaying high removal efficiencies of nutrients and organic substances（nitrogen 〉 80%; phosphorous 〉 90%; COD nearly 90%）. No inhibition was registered in the growth of plants irrigated with different mixtures of yellow and grey waters,where the characteristics of the two streams were reciprocally and beneficially integrated.

关键词： Phytotreatment Sewage Source separation Decentralization Grey water Urine Energy crops

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Acoustic Scattering Cross Sections of Smart Obstacles: A Case Study

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第8期10卷 672-694页

作者： Lorella Fatone Maria cristina Recchioni francesco Zirilli dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica Universitadi CamerinoVia Madonna delle Carceri 962032 Camerino(MC)Italy dipartimento di Scienze Sociali"D.Serrani" Universit`a Politecnica delle MarchePiazza Martelli 860121 AnconaItaly CERI-Centro di Ricerca"Previsione Prevenzione e Controllo dei Rischi Geologici" Universit`a di Roma"La Sapienza"Piazza Umberto Pilozzi 900038 Valmontone(RM)Italy

Acoustic scattering cross sections of smart furtive obstacles are studied and discussed.A smart furtive obstacle is an obstacle that,when hit by an incoming field,avoids detection through the use of a pressure current acting on its boundary.A highly parallelizable algorithm for computing the acoustic scattering cross section of smart obstacles is developed.As a case study,this algorithm is applied to the(acoustic)scattering cross section of a"smart"(furtive)simplified version of the NASA space shuttle when hit by incoming time-harmonic plane waves,the wavelengths of which are small compared to the characteristic dimensions of the shuttle.The solution to this numerically challenging scattering problem requires the solution of systems of linear equations with many unknowns and equations.Due to the sparsity of these systems of equations,they can be stored and solved using affordable computing resources.A cross section analysis of the simplified NASA space shuttle highlights three findings:i)the smart furtive obstacle reduces the magnitude of its cross section compared to the cross section of a corresponding"passive"obstacle;ii)several wave propagation directions fail to satisfactorily respond to the smart strategy of the obstacle;iii)satisfactory furtive effects along all directions may only be obtained by using a pressure current of considerable magnitude.Numerical experiments and virtual reality applications can be found at the website:http://www.***.uniroma1.it/ceri/zirilli/w7.

关键词： Acoustic obstacle scattering smart obstacles acoustic cross section open loop control operator expansion method wavelet expansion

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Sexual Behavior and Awareness of Sexually Transmitted diseases Among Street-Based Female Sex Workers in the Florence Area, Central Italy

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2022年第4期5卷 226-230页

作者： Barbara Giomi Caterina Silvestri Stefano Bravi cristina Stasi Lisa Bertini Leslie Mechi Serena Mordini Nicoletta Zocco Fabio Voller francesco Cipriani Unit for STD and AIDS Department of DermatologyUniversity of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Observatory of Epidemiology Regional Health Agency of TuscanyFlorence 50141Italy Interdepartmental Hepatology Center MASVE Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy CAT Social Cooperative Road Unit SATIS Regional Project Florence 50134Italy Department of Prevention Central Tuscany Local UnitFlorence 50135Italy.

Objective:Street-based female sex workers are more likely to practice unprotected sex with multiple partners increases their risk of infection with sexually transmitted diseases.This study was performed to evaluate the understanding of and risk factors for sexually transmitted diseases among street-based female sex workers.Methods:A survey consisted of a sociodemographic section and a health section was conducted from June to August in two consecutive years(2012-2013)using an anonymous questionnaire compiled by street-based female sex workers in the area of Florence(Central Italy).A descriptive analysis of sociodemographic,epidemiological,and anamnestic variables was performed using common methods for proportions;associations between variables were assessed using univariate and bivariate logistic regression.Results:Totally 122 street-based female sex workers(mean age,24.1 years;age range,17-45 years)were enrolled,and were from Europe(63.1%)(mainly from Romania[48.4%]and Albania[13.1%]),Africa(31.2%)(specifically Nigeria),and South America(5.7%).Of the 122 street-based female sex workers,63%were married/engaged and 37%were single.More than half had been living in Italy and Florence for more than 1 year;72.8%stated that they possessed a residence permit and the others were illegal migrants.Eighteen(15%)street-based female sex workers also worked in the industry in neighboring European countries.Their level of education was generally high:58.1%had completed secondary school(lower secondary school and upper secondary school).A total of 81.4%stated that they perceived an actual fear of contracting human immunodeficiency virus;in fact,43.3%had never been tested for any sexually transmitted diseases except for human immunodeficiency virus.Conclusion:Despite the long-time involvement of street-based female sex workers in the commercial sex industry,the large numbers of clients and a strong perception of concerns about sexually transmitted diseases.This study confirms a low rate of condom use and blood screening,and corre

关键词： female sex street workers foreigners sexually transmitted diseases

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High Performance Algorithms Based on a New Wavelet Expansion for Time Dependent Acoustic Obstacle Scattering

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Communications in Computational Physics 2007年第6期2卷 1139-1173页

作者： Lorella Fatone Giuseppe Rao Maria cristina Recchioni francesco Zirilli dipartimento di Matematica Pura e Applicata Universit`a di Modena e Reggio EmiliaVia Campi 213/b41100 ModenaItaly dipartimento di Matematica e Applicazioni Universit`a di PalermoVia Archirafi 3490123 PalermoItaly dipartimento di Scienze Sociali“D.Serrani” Universit`a Politecnica delle MarchePiazza Martelli 860121 AnconaItaly dipartimento di Matematica“G.Castelnuovo” Universit`a di Roma“La Sapienza”Piazzale Aldo Moro 200185 RomaItaly

This paper presents a highly parallelizable numerical method to solve time dependent acoustic obstacle scattering problems.The method proposed is a generalization of the“operator expansion method”developed by Recchioni and Zirilli[SIAM J.Sci.Comput.,25(2003),1158-1186].The numerical method proposed reduces,via a perturbative approach,the solution of the scattering problem to the solution of a sequence of systems of first kind integral equations.The numerical solution of these systems of integral equations is challenging when scattering problems involving realistic obstacles and small wavelengths are solved.A computational method has been developed to solve these challenging problems with affordable computing resources.To this aim a new way of using the wavelet transform and new bases of wavelets are introduced,and a version of the operator expansion method is developed that constructs directly element by element in a fully parallelizable way.Several numerical experiments involving realistic obstacles and“small”wavelengths are proposed and high dimensional vector spaces are used in the numerical experiments.To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm on parallel computing facilities,appropriate speed up factors are introduced and evaluated.

关键词： Time dependent acoustic scattering Helmholtz equation integral equation methods wavelet bases sparse linear systems.

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