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石墨炔:一种用于合成水污染物有效吸附剂的新型炭材料

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新型炭材料（中英文） 2024年第2期39卷 173-200页

作者： Gaurav Sharma Yaksha Verma Amit Kumar Pooja dhiman WANG Tong-tong Florian JStadler 深圳大学材料科学与工程学院深圳市高分子科学与技术重点实验室广东省功能材料界面工程研究中心南山区生物高分子与安全性评价重点实验室广东深圳518055 International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability(IRCNHS) Shoolini UniversityHimachal Pradesh 173229India 西安建筑科技大学跨学科与创新研究院陕西西安710055

石墨炔(GDY)是一种新生的二维材料,其在去除水溶液中污染物的研究方面引起了广泛关注。GDY是sp和sp2杂化碳原子的框架,其在二维对称网络中存在苯环和二乙基键,因此具有优异的共轭性、独特的可调谐电子性能、以及优异的化学和热稳定性。... 详细信息

石墨炔(GDY)是一种新生的二维材料,其在去除水溶液中污染物的研究方面引起了广泛关注。GDY是sp和sp2杂化碳原子的框架,其在二维对称网络中存在苯环和二乙基键,因此具有优异的共轭性、独特的可调谐电子性能、以及优异的化学和热稳定性。GDY的分子中有C≡C键,且具有均匀分布的三角形孔,可提供更多的反应位点和多种反应路径。因而,GDY具有吸附性,其作为吸附剂时在去除污染水中的油、有机污染物、染料和金属方面表现优异。在已发表的文献中,GDY被用作吸附剂的报道十分有限。本文综述了GDY的合成方法、GDY作为吸附剂的应用以及GDY基吸附剂的表征,并展望了GDY在污染物修复中的应用前景。

关键词：石墨炔合成吸附污染物合理机制

Floral Homeostasis Breakdown in Endangered Plant <i>Valeriana jatamansi</i>Jones (Valerianaceae) in North Eastern Himalayan Region

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第19期6卷 3119-3138页

作者： Soumendra Chakraborty dhiman Mukherjee Sibdas Baskey Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya Pundibari India Division of Agronomy Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya Pundibari India Division of Plant Pathology Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya Pundibari India

An inhabitant of north western Himalayan region and a gynodioceious plant having a lot of medicinal properties, Valeriana jatamansi Jones (Valerianaceae) is an enlisted endangered plant in the world. It was introduced in the research station of North Bengal Agricultural University (27.06°N 88.47°E) situated in north eastern Himalayan region of Darjeeling district in the state of West Bengal from Sikkim Sangtok (27°25'N 88°31'E) of north Sikkim area in India for the purpose of conservation. As we noticed some irregular development of floral organs, we investigated some pertinent questions regarding ecological aberrations found in plants. We found plants introduced in north eastern Himalayan region changed their homology of number flower petals and position of stamens seen naturally in north western Himalayan region as per the reports. Was there any genetic or extreme environmental stress condition caused a sudden change in floral structure as it is generally known as a rare phenomenon and frequently not seen? What were the correlations of different floral parts and fitness of population in different morphotypes? We predicted possible outcomes of seed setting by univariate regression models in a particular environment in addition to this investigation. We proposed three models of heterozygousity for answering the reasons of unstable floral form from a general known floral form, where silent mutations help the plants to survive in adverse conditions in spite of deformed or variable formed of floral morphology.

关键词： Floral Homeostasis Deformed Flower Morphology Conservation Endangered Medicinal Plant Fitness of Population Silent Mutation

Morphological Diversity and Nomenclature of Swertia chirayita (Gentianaceae)—Recovery of Endangered Medicinal Plant Population in North Eastern Himalaya

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第6期7卷 741-755页

作者： Soumendra Chakraborty dhiman Mukherjee Sibdas Baskey Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding North Bengal Agricultural University Coochbehar India Department of Agronomy Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya Mohanpur India Department of Plant Pathology Regional Research Station (Hill Zone) North Bengal Agricultural University Kalimpong India

Swertia chirayita is a highly endangered and very well known medicinal plant enlisted in the IUCN list of endangered plants in the world. The plant is currently having a very low population in eastern Himalayan region due to its very low germinability in its own natural habitat. The plant population was found to have a range of diversity in morphological observations and some of the morphovariants were found to be very low among the variant populations which created a concern due to its diminishing range of genetic base in this region. A basic group of 5 morphovariants and 24 sub variants were identified and separately maintained. It is a pluriannual plant and reproductive or flowering stage was observed after completion of two years of vegetative stage from the time of seed germination. A range of morphovariant diversity was observed in the populations of Neora Valley and Lava region of eastern Himalaya in our investigation. Diversity was critically observed in some of the parameters of different morphovariants in the population. Conservation practices were generally done by not making groups or sub groups of this endangered plant while we proposed the way of conservation by making groups for proper conservation of this vulnerable plant.

关键词： A Conservation Model Endangered Plant Morphovariants 5 Groups 24 Sub-Groups

A new technique of combined endoscopic sclerotherapy and ligation for variceal bleeding

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第5期9卷 1090-1093页

作者： Radha K.dhiman Yogesh K.Chawla Department of Hepatology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & ResearchChandigarh 160012India

AIM: To develop a technique of combined endoscopic sclerotherapy and ligation (ESL) in which both techniques of endoscopic sclerotherapy (ES) and endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) can be optimally ***: ESL was performed in 10 patients (age 46.4±7.9;9 males, 1 female) with cirrhosis of liver using sclerotherapy needle and Speedband, Superview multiple band ligater (Boston Scientific, Microvasive, Watertown, MA). A single band was placed 5-10 cm proximal to the gastro-esophageal junction over each varix from proximal to distal margin,followed by intravariceal injection of 1.5 % ethoxysclerol (4 ml each) 2 to 3 cm proximal to the gastroesophageal junction on the ligated varices distal to deployed band. EVL was then performed at the injection site. Similarly other varices were also injected and ligated from distal to proximally. In the subsequent sessions, ES alone was performed to sclerose small varices at the gastroesophageal ***: ESL was successfully performed in all patients.A median of 3 (ESL 1, ES 2) sessions (ranged 1-4) were required to eradicate the varices in 9 (90 %) of 10 *** of varices without bleed was seen in 1 patient during a mean follow-up of 10.3 months (ranged 6-15).Two patients died of liver failure. None died of variceal bleeding. None of the patients had procedure related ***: ESL may be useful in the fast eradication of esophageal varices. However, randomised controlled trials are required to find out its relative efficacy and impact on variceal recurrence in comparison to ES or EVL.

关键词： Adult Endoscopy, Digestive System Esophageal and Gastric Varices Female Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Humans Ligation Liver Cirrhosis Male Middle Aged Pilot Projects Sclerotherapy

Insecticide resistance in phlebotomine sandflies in Southeast Asia with emphasis on the Indian subcontinent

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 972-981页

作者： Ramesh C.dhiman Rajpal S.Yadav Author details 1 National Institute of Malaria Research(ICMR) Delhi 110077India Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases World Health OrganizationGenevaSwitzerland

Background:Visceral leishmaniasis,commonly known as kala-azar in India,is a global public health *** Southeast Asia,Bangladesh,Bhutan,India,Nepal,Sri Lanka and Thailand are endemic for visceral *** role of sandflies as the vector of kala-azar was first confirmed in 1942 in *** resistance in Phlebotomus argentipes Annandale and Brunetti,the vector of kala-azar in the Indian subcontinent,was first reported in 1987 in Bihar,*** article provides a scoping review of the studies undertaken from 1959 to 2015 on insecticide resistance in *** and ***(Scopoli),the vectors of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis respectively,in Southeast Asia,mainly in Bangladesh,India,Nepal and Sri ***:Studies undertaken in areas of Bihar and West Bengal in India where kala-azar is endemic have reported resistance of *** to DDT,while in non-endemic areas it has been reported to be *** areas of Nepal bordering India,there are indications of resistance to DDT;biochemical resistance has been reported in Sri *** laboratory studies have been undertaken in Bangladesh;however,the sandfly vector is reported to be still susceptible to pyrethroids in all kala-azar endemic areas in the aforementioned ***:Studies are needed to determine the resistance of sandfly vectors to all available classes of potential insecticides in kala-azar endemic *** is a need to assess the impact of indoor residual spraying with DDT and pyrethroids on the incidence of kala-azar in India where 54 districts remain endemic for the disease,strengthen entomological surveillance capacity,and develop and implement an insecticide management ***-cypermethrin indoor residual spraying has been introduced in 33 kala-azar endemic districts in Bihar State of India in a pilot trial;the outcomes should be used to inform decisions on expanding coverage with alpha-cypermethrin in all remaining endemic districts to achie

关键词： DDT Alpha-cypermethrin Indoor residual spraying Indian subcontinent Insecticide resistance Phlebotomus argentipes Phlebotomus papatasi Sandflies Visceral leishmaniasis

碳基材料的Z型和S型异质结光催化清洁能源综述

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新型炭材料（中英文） 2024年第3期39卷 458-482页

作者： Sahil Rana Amit Kumar WANG Tong-tong Gaurav Sharma Pooja dhiman Alberto García-Penas International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability(IRCNHS) Shoolini UniversitySolan173229India 西安建筑科技大学交叉创新研究院西安710055 Departamento de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales e Ingeniería Química(IAAB) Universidad Carlos Ⅲ de MadridLegan'es28911Spain

碳纳米管/纳米纤维、石墨烯、氧化石墨烯、还原氧化石墨烯、石墨炔、碳量子点和富勒烯等炭材料因具有高导电性、优异的稳定性和生物相容性等独特性能,近年来受到广泛关注。在炭材料中构建Z型和S型异质结已成为在能量转换应用中提高光催... 详细信息

碳纳米管/纳米纤维、石墨烯、氧化石墨烯、还原氧化石墨烯、石墨炔、碳量子点和富勒烯等炭材料因具有高导电性、优异的稳定性和生物相容性等独特性能,近年来受到广泛关注。在炭材料中构建Z型和S型异质结已成为在能量转换应用中提高光催化效率的一种有效策略。本文综述了光催化制氢和CO_(2)还原等清洁能源的基本原理,阐述了它们各自的机理和优势。此外,还讨论了不同类型的炭材料以及其中Z型和S型异质结的合成和构建,强调了它们在促进电荷分离、减少光生载流子复合损失和扩大光谱响应范围方面的作用。以太阳能燃料生产为重点,讨论和总结了碳基Z型和S型异质结在光催化制氢和还原CO_(2)方面的最新进展。最后,讨论了目前碳基光催化剂领域的瓶颈和挑战,并对该领域的未来发展提出了有价值的见解。

关键词：炭材料异质结 Z型 S型光催化氢能材料

Genetic polymorphism in CD14 gene, a co-receptor of TLR4 associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第42期22卷 9346-9355页

作者： Shweta Kapil Ajay Duseja Bal Krishan Sharma Bhupesh Singla Anuradha Chakraborti Ashim Das Pallab Ray Radha K dhiman Yogesh Chawla Department of Hepatology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Histopathology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Microbiology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

AIM To evaluate the pathogenic role of toll-like receptor(TLR) gene polymorphisms in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).METHODS Two hundred and fifty subjects(NAFLD = 200, healthy volunteers = 50) underwent polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism to assess one polymorphism in the toll-like receptor 2(TLR2) gene(A753G), two polymorphisms in the TLR4 gene(TLR4 Asp299 Gly and Thr399 Ile allele), and two polymorphisms in the cluster of differentiation 14(CD14)(C-159 T and C-550T) gene, a co-receptor of TLR4. Association of TLR gene polymorphisms with NAFLD and its severity was evaluated by genetic models of *** On both multiplicative and recessive models of gene polymorphism association, there was significant association of CD14 C(-159) T polymorphism with NAFLD; patients with TT genotype had a 2.6 fold increased risk of developing NAFLD in comparison to CC genotype. There was no association of TLR2 Arg753 Gln, TLR4 Asp299 Gly, Thr399 Ile, and CD14 C(-550) T polymorphisms with NAFLD. None of the TLR gene polymorphisms had an association with histological severity of *** Patients with CD14 C(-159) T gene polymorphism, a co-receptor of TLR4, have an increased risk of NAFLD development.

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Toll-like receptors Obesity Cirrhosis Insulin resistance Bacterial overgrowth

Phytochemical, Anti-oxidant, Larvicidal, and Antimicrobial Activities of Castor(Ricinus communis) Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2017年第3期9卷 289-294页

作者： Namita Soni Ramesh C.dhiman Division of Environmental Epidemiology National Institute of Malaria Research

Objective Castor possesses the medicinal properties. Hence, castor extract has the reducing power agent was used in nanoparticles synthesis. Extract of castor also produces secondary metabolites （phenolics, reducing agent） and exhibits anti-oxidant property, which was used as larvicide and antimicrobial agent. In the present study the silver nanoparticles （AgNPs） were synthesized using aqueous leaf extract of castor. Methods The synthesized AgNPs were characterized with UV-visible spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The phenolics, reducing sugar and total sugar were evaluated performing Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method, DNS method and Phenol-sulphuric acid method. Anti-oxidant activity of synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated using DPPH assay. The larvicidal activity of synthesized AgNPs was evaluated against the third instar of Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti. The mortality was observed after 24 h by probit analysis. Further, the antimicrobial activity was reported against Staphylococcus aureus （Gram positive） and Pseudomonas aeruginosa （Gram negative）. Results The UV spectra showed maximum absorbance at 445 nm and TEM analysis indicated spherical shape of nanoparticles with average size of 8.96 nm. The synthesized nanoparticles also possessed anti-oxidant potentials. Thus, it could be used as potential free radical scavenger. The larvae of A. stephensiwere found more susceptible to AgNPs than larvae of A. aegyptL Conclusion Due to the medicinal properties and reducing power activity, in the present study AgNPs have been synthesized using the aqueous leaves extract of castor and access their phytochemical, anti-oxidant, larvicidal and antimicrobial properties.

关键词： antimicrobial activity anti-oxidant activity larvicidal activity phytochemical analysis Ricinus communis silver nanoparticles

Synthesis, Characterization of Cellulose Grafted N-Oxide Reagent and Its Application in Oxidation of Alkyl/Aryl Halides

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International Journal of Organic Chemistry 2011年第1期1卷 6-14页

作者： Inderjeet Kaur Poonam K. dhiman 不详

Oxidation of aliphatic and aromatic halides by N-oxide functionalities supported on 4- vinyl pyridine, (4-VP), grafted cellulose is reported in the present manuscript. Synthesis of graft copolymer of cellulose and poly 4-vinyl pyridine, poly(4-VP), has been carried out using ceric ions as redox initiator. Post-grafting treatment of CellO-g-poly (4-VP) with 30% H2O2 in acetic acid gives Cellulose-g-poly (4-VP) N-oxide, the polymeric supported oxidizing reagent. The polymeric support, CellO-g-poly (4-VP) N-oxide, has been used for oxidation reactions of different alkyl / aryl halide such as 1-bromo-3-methyl butane, 2-bromo propane,1-bromo heptane and benzyl chloride. The polymeric reagent was characterized by IR and thermo-gravimetric analysis. The oxidized products were characterized by FTIR and H1NMR spectral methods. The reagent was reused for the oxidation of a fresh alkyl / aryl halides and it was observed that the polymeric reagent oxidizes the compounds successfully but with little lower product yield.

关键词： Cellulose 4-vinyl Pyridine Graft Co-polymerization Cellulose Supported N-oxide Oxidation Thermo-gravimetric Analysis