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Ground Water Harvesting through Traditional Water Harvesting Technology: Adopting Himalayan Practices in Ethiopian Highlands

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International Journal of Geosciences 2013年第6期4卷 30-37页

作者： dharmendra kumar Dube R. Uttama Reddy R. Hiranmai Yadav Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Haramaya University Dire Dawa Ethiopia School of Natural Resource Management and Environmental Sciences Haramaya University Dire Dawa Ethiopia

The fresh water system is most critical for sustainability of life. In present days the world is facing a shortage of potable water. Though Ethiopia is known as “The water tower of East Africa” yet it is facing severe water shortage that leads to poor agricultural productivity and imparts serious negative impact on human lives. It is essential to develop water resources in a sustainable way to ensure food security and economic development. The water scarcity is due to the lack of resource management and due to the changes in environmental factors. In Ethiopia ground water is a major source of drinking water to vast rural population. The country’s perennial water budget depends on the ground and spring water system. The ever increasing population, mismanagement and global climatic changes are having an adverse impact on these resources. To harvest the available resources in a sustainable way will help to meet the needs of present era without compromising the future generation. The present study is an approach to compare and utilize the traditional water harvesting practices of Himalaya in Ethiopian highlands. A detailed study of the water sources and mechanism of ground water, geology and social management system of their water resources were studied booth side. Further application of the indigenous technical knowledge for sustainable of the ground water is proposed based on Himalayan practices. The Ethiopian “Minches” could be preserved and better utilized by adopting the merits of time tested indigenous management system of “Naule” of Himalaya.

关键词： Ethiopian Highlands Ground Water Harvesting Himalaya Minch Naule Water Management

Induced pluripotent stem cells: Mechanisms, achievements and perspectives in farm animals

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第2期7卷 315-328页

作者： dharmendra kumar Thirumala R Talluri Taruna Anand Wilfried A Kues Institute of Farm Animal Genetics Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes National Research Centre on Equines

Pluripotent stem cells are unspecialized cells withunlimited self-renewal, and they can be triggered to differentiate into desired specialized cell types. These features provide the basis for an unlimited cell source for innovative cell therapies. Pluripotent cells also allow to study developmental pathways, and to employ them or their differentiated cell derivatives in pharmaceutical testing and biotechnological applications. Via blastocyst complementation, pluripotent cells are a favoured tool for the generation of genetically modified mice. The recently established technology to generate an induced pluripotency status by ectopic co-expression of the transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc allows to extending these applications to farm animal species, for which the derivation of genuine embryonic stem cells was not successful so far. Most induced pluripotent stem(i PS) cells are generated by retroviral or lentiviral transduction of reprogramming factors. Multiple viral integrations into the genome may cause insertional mutagenesis and may increase the risk of tumour formation. Non-integration methods have been reported to overcome the safety concerns associated with retro and lentiviral-derived i PS cells, such as transient expression of the reprogramming factors using episomal plasmids, and direct delivery of reprogramming m RNAs or proteins. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms of cellular reprogramming and current methods used to induce pluripotency. We also highlight problems associated with the generation of i PS cells. An increased understanding of the fundamental mechanisms underlying pluripotency and refining the methodology of i PS cell generation will have a profound impact on future development and application in regenerative medicine and reproductive biotechnology of farm animals.

关键词： Reprogramming Large animal models Stemness Chimera Germline transmission Inducedpluripotent stem cells Gene delivery

Sitagliptin,sitagliptin and metformin,or sitagliptin and amitriptyline attenuate streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic neuropathy in rats

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2012年第3期26卷 200-210页

作者： Ashish kumar Sharma Akash Sharma Rita kumari Kunal Kishore Divya Sharma Bharthu Parthsarthi Srinivasan Ashok Sharma Santosh kumar Singh Samir Gaur Vijay Singh Jatav Prashant Sharma Varnika Srivastava Sneha Joshi Megha Joshi Prashant kumar Dhakad Davender Singh Kanawat Akanksha Mishra Anil Sharma dharmendra Singh Ravinder Pal Singh Himmat Singh Chawda Rambir Singh Sachin kumar Raikwar Muneem kumar Kurmi Pankaj Khatri Ashutosh Agarwal Arshee Munajjam Department of Pharmacology Gyan Vihar School of PharmacySuresh Gyan Vihar UniversityJagatpuraJaipur(Rajasthan)302025India Department of Pharmacology Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences&ResearchPushpviharNew Delhi 110017India Department of Pharmacology Kota Collage of PharmacyRIICO Industrial AreaRanpurKota(Rajasthan)Pincode 302025India

Diabetic neuropathies are a family of nerve disorders caused by diabetes. Symptoms of the disease include nerve palsy, mononeuropathy, mononeuropathy multiplex, diabetic amyotrophy, painful polyneuropathy, autonomic neu- ropathy, and thoracoabdominal neuropathy. In this study, type 2 diabetes in rats was induced with nicotinamide- streptozotocin. Drug treatment was initiated on the d 15, with the combination regimen of metformin, pioglitazone and glimipiride or metformin and sitagliptin or sitagliptin, amitriptyline and sitagliptin and led to significantly im- proved glycemic control, increased grip strength and paw jumping response on d 21, 28 and 35 （P 〈 0.001）. Signif- icant increases in blood protein levels and decreases in urinary protein levels were observed in the animals treated with the different regimens on d 21, 28 and 35 （P 〈 0.001）. Combined treatment of streptozotocin and nicotinamide caused marked degeneration of nerve cells, while administration of metformin and sitagliptin showed tissue regen- eration and no body weight gain. In conclusion, treatment with sitagliptin and sitagliptin combined with metformin or amitriptyline results in no body weight gain, but causes an increase in grip strength and pain sensitivity, exhibits neural protection, and reverses the alteration of biochemical parameters in rats with streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetes.

关键词： diabetic neuropathy nicotinamide-streptozotocin metformin pioglitazone glimipiride sitagliptin amitriptyline

Structural,optical and antimicrobial properties of pure and Agdoped ZnO nanostructures

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Journal of Semiconductors 2022年第3期43卷 78-86页

作者： Sagar Vikal Yogendra K.Gautam Anit K.Ambedkar Durvesh Gautam Jyoti Singh dharmendra Pratap Ashwani kumar Sanjay kumar Meenal Gupta Beer Pal Singh Smart Materials and Sensor Laboratory Department of PhysicsCh.Charan Singh UniversityMeerutUttar Pradesh 250004India Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Ch.Charan Singh UniversityMeerutUttar Pradesh 250004India Nanoscience Laboratory Institute Instrumentation CentreIIT RoorkeeRoorkee 247667India Department of Physics University of RajasthanJaipur 302004India Department of Physics SBSRSharda UniversityGreater NoidaUttar PradeshIndia

In the present work,zinc oxide(ZnO)and silver(Ag)doped ZnO nanostructures are synthesized using a hydrothermal *** quality of the products is attested using X-ray diffraction,which confirms the hexagonal wurtzite struc-ture of pure ZnO and Ag-doped ZnO *** further confirms the crystallite orientation along the c-axis,(101)*** field emission scanning electron microscope study reveals the change in shape of the synthesized ZnO particles from hexagonal nanoparticles to needle-shaped nanostructures for 3 wt%Ag-doped *** optical band gaps and lattice strain of nanostructures is increased significantly with the increase of doping concentration of Ag in ZnO *** anti-microbial activity of synthesized nanostructures has been evaluated against the gram-positive human pathogenic bacteria,Staphylococcus aureus via an agarose gel diffusion *** maximum value of zone of inhibition(22 mm)is achieved for 3 wt%Ag-doped ZnO nanostructure and it clearly demonstrates the remarkable antibacterial activity.

关键词： zinc oxide silver hydrothermal FESEM antimicrobial activity Staphylococcus

Non-random tissue distribution of human na ve umbilical cord matrix stem cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2011年第4期3卷 34-42页

作者： dharmendra kumar Maurya Chiyo Doi Marla Pyle Raja Shekar Rachakatla Duane Davis Masaaki Tamura Deryl Troyer Department of Anatomy and Physiology College of Veterinary Medicine Kansas State University Department of Animal Sciences and Industry Kansas State University

AIM: To determine the tissue and temporal distribution of human umbilical cord matrix stem (hUCMS) cells in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. METHODS: For studying the localization of hUCMS cells, tritiated thymidine-labeled hUCMS cells were injected in SCID mice and tissue distribution was quantitatively determined using a liquid scintillation counter at days 1, 3, 7 and 14. Furthermore, an immunofluorescence detection technique was employed in which anti-human mitochondrial antibody was used to identify hUCMS cells in mouse tissues. In order to visualize the distribution of transplanted hUCMS cells in H&E stained tissue sections, India Black ink 4415 was used to label the hUCMS cells. RESULTS: When tritiated thymidine-labeled hUCMS cells were injected systemically (iv) in female SCID mice, the lung was the major site of accumulation at 24 h after transplantation. With time, the cells migrated to other tissues, and on day three, the spleen, stomach, and small and large intestines were the major accumulation sites. On day seven, a relatively large amount of radioactivity was detected in the adrenal gland, uterus, spleen, lung, and digestive tract. In addition, labeled cells had crossed the blood brain barrier by day 1. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that peripherally injected hUCMS cells distribute quantitatively in a tissue-specific manner throughout the body.

关键词： Human umbilical cord matrix stem cells Immunohistochemistry India black ink loaded cells Radio-labeled transplanted cells Tissue distribution