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Development of a mixed fruit beverage and pulsed light treatment thereof to obtain a microbially safe and enzymatically stable product

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Food Bioscience 2022年第1期45卷 274-283页

作者： Snehasis Chakraborty Sagar Mahale Rishab dhar Somnath Basak Food Engineering and Technology Department Institute of Chemical Technology Matunga(E)Mumbai400019India

A mixed fruit beverage was formulated according to D-optimal mixture design using apple ber juice(X_(1),45-59%v/v)-an underexplored fruit,carambola juice(X_(2),1-20%v/v),and black table grape juice(X3,35-40%v/v).The crisp overall acceptability(COA)from 16 semi-trained panelists and overall hedonic score(OSH)from consumers were *** best formulation was apple ber:carambola:black table grape juices=59.0:3.5:37.5 v/v with COA and OSH values of 3.23(on a scale of 5)and 7.55(on a scale of 9),***,the efficacy of pulsed light(pL)(18-30 W cm^(-2) for 33-167 s;total fluence 600-5000 j cm^(-2))and thermal treatments(90℃ for 1-5 min)were studied on various attributes of the mixed *** beverages processed at 90℃ for 5 min(thermal treatment)and 5000 j cm^(-2)(pL treatment at 30 W cm^(-2) for 167 s)showed no microbial count with a complete enzyme *** thermally pasteurized sample(90℃/5 min)was more brown(browning index=70.15)than the pL pasteurized beverage(browning index=65.98).Interestingly,the pL pasteurized(5000 j cm^(-2))beverage showed 25%,27%,and 19% more vitamin C,antioxidants,and phenolic compounds,respectively,than the thermally pasteurized(90℃/5 min)*** pL-treated beverage had a greater sensory appeal than the thermally treated ***-treatment can be an efficient non-thermal pasteurization treatment for ensuring complete microbial and enzymatic inactivation with maximal retention of nutritional and sensory attributes of the blended beverage.

关键词： D-optimal mixture design Numerical optimization Non-thermal processing pasteurization Microbial safety Enzymatic stability

Experimental Observation of Bright and Dark Solitons Mode-Locked with Zirconia-Based Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser

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作者： Rdityr dhar导演

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Chinese physics Letters 2018年第2期35卷 25-28页

作者： A.M.Markom S.j.Tan H.Haris M.C.paul A.dhar S.Das S.W.Harun Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARAMasai 81750Malaysia School of Engineering KDU University CollegeUtropolis GlenmarieShah Alam 40150Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering University of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Fiber Optics and photonics Division CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research InstituteKolkata 700032India

We demonstrate the generation of dark and bright solitons with our homemade zirconia-based erbium-doped fiber and graphene oxide（GO） saturable absorber in anomalous dispersion *** GO is fabricated using an abridged Hummer＇s method,which is combined with polyethylene oxide to produce a composite *** film is sandwiched between two optical ferrules and embedded in the laser cavity to enhance its birefringence and *** self-starting bright soliton is easily generated at pump power of 78 mW with the whole length cavity of 14.7 *** laser produces the bright pulse train with repetition rate,pulse width,pulse energy and central wavelength being 13.9 MHz,0.6 ps,2.74 p j and 1577.46 nm,***,by adding the 10 m of single mode fiber into the laser cavity,dark soliton pulse is *** the formation of dark pulse train,the measured repetition rate,pulse width,pulse energy and central wavelength are 8.3 MHz,20 ns and 4.98 p j and1596.82 nm,*** pulses operate in the anomalous region.

关键词： Zr EDF Experimental Observation of Bright and Dark Solitons Mode-Locked with Zirconia-Based Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser

First-principles calculations to investigate structural,electronic,magnetic,optical and thermodynamic properties of RE_(2)Rh_(3)Ge(RE=pr,Sm)

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journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1385-1393,I0007页

作者： A.Ezaier R.Masrour M.Hamedoun j.Kharbach A.Rezzouk A.Hourmatallah N.Benzakour K.Bouslykhane Laboratory of Solid physics Faculty of Sciences Dhar El MehrazSidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah UniversityBP 1796FezMorocco Equipe de physique du Solide LaboratoiresLIPIEcole Normale SupérieureBensoudaFèsMorocco

In this paper,we analyzed the physical characteristics of the ternary alloys RE_(2)Rh_(3)Ge(RE=pr and Sm)using the first principles calculation based on functional density theory integrated in the Wien2k *** calculated formation energies of pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge and Sm_(2)Rh_(3)Ge are−5.3827 and−5.2782 eV/atom,respectively,showing that these alloys may exist *** results of the band structure and density of states indicate that all of the compounds tested are magnetic metals,and their magnetism is mostly related to the contribution of pr and Sm *** total magnetic moments of pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge and Sm_(2)Rh_(3)Ge are 4.07245 and 11.16161μB/f.u,*** parameters such as heat capacity at constant pressure,entropy,Debye temperature,lattice volume,compressibility coefficients,and Grüneisen parameter alloys were calculated using the Gibbs algorithm and studied in depth over a large temperature range of 0-900 *** Debye temperature increases with increasing pressure and decreases with decreasing ***,the Debye temperatures calculated at p=0 Gpa and T=300 K are equal to be 342 and 322 K for pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge and Sm_(2)Rh_(3)Ge,*** optical characteristics such as the real and imaginary portions of the dielectric function,the absorption coefficient,the energy-loss function,and the refractive index were investigated and discussed in more depth.

关键词： Magnetic metals Functional density theory Density of states Magnetic moment Optical and thermodynamic properties Rare earths

Transfusion-transmitted virus in association with hepatitis A-E viral infections in various forms of liver diseases in India

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第15期12卷 2432-2436页

作者： M Irshad Y Sharma I dhar j Singh YK joshi Clinical Biochemistry Division Department of Laboratory Medicine All India Institute of Medical SciencesAnsari NagarNew Delhi 110029India Department of Gastroenterology & Human Nutrition Unit All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari NagarNew Delhi-110029India

AIM： To describe the prevalence of transfusiontransmitted virus （TTV） infection in association with hepatitis A-E viral infections in different forms of liver diseases in North India. METHODS： Sera from a total number of 137 patients, including 37 patients with acute viral hepatitis （AVH）, 37 patients with chronic viral hepatitis （CVH）, 31 patients with cirrhosis of liver and 32 patients with fulminant hepatic failure （FHF）, were analyzed both for TTV-DNA and hepatitis A-E viral markers. presence of hepatitis B virus （HBV）, hepatitis C virus （HCV） and hepatitis E virus （HEV） infections was detected in different proportions in different groups. Moreover, rrV-DNA was simultaneously tested in 100 healthy blood donors also. RESULTS： None of the patients had hepatitis A virus （HAV） and hepatitis D virus （HDV） infections. Overall prevalence of TTV-DNA was detected in 27.1% cases with AVH, 18.9% cases with CVH, 48.4% cases with cirrhosis and 9.4% cases with FHF. TTV-DNA simultaneously tested in 100 healthy blood donors showed 27% positivity. On establishing a relation between TTV infection with other hepatitis viral infections, TTV demonstrated co-infection with HBV, HCV and HEV in these disease groups. Correlation of TTV with ALT level in sera did not demonstrate high ALT level in TTV-infected patients, suggesting that TI-V does not cause severe liver damage. CONCLUSION： TTV infection is prevalent both in patients and healthy individuals in India. However, it does not have any significant correlation with other hepatitis viral infections, nor does it produce an evidence of severe liver damage in patients with liver diseases.

关键词： Transfusion-transmitted virus HCV hepatitis AVH

Biodegradable stent or balloon dilatation for benign oesophageal stricture: pilot randomised controlled trial

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第48期20卷 18199-18206页

作者： Anjan dhar Helen Close Yirupaiahgari K Viswanath Colin j Rees Helen C Hancock A Deepak Dwarakanath Rebecca H Maier Douglas Wilson james M Mason Department of Gastroenterology County Durhamand Darlington NHS Foundation Trust Co. Durham DL14 6ADUnited Kingdom Durham Clinical Trials Unit School of Medicine Pharmacy and Health Durham University Queen’s Campus Wolfson Research Institute University Boulevard Stockton-on-Tees TS17 6BH United Kingdom Department of Surgery James Cook University Hospital Marton Road Middlesbrough TS4 3BW United Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology South Tyneside Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Harton Lane South Shields NE34 0PL United Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology University Hospitals of North Tees Hardwick Stockton on Tees TS19 8PE United Kingdom

AIM: To undertake a randomised pilot study comparing biodegradable stents and endoscopic dilatation in patients with strictures.

关键词： Benign oesophageal stricture Biodegradable stent Endoscopic balloon dilatation pilot study Randomised controlled trial Dysphagia

Revisiting Acid-Fast Bacilli Microscopy of Concentrated Sputum Smears as an Efficient Tool for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis: A Study from a Tertiary Care Centre in Southern India

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journal of Tuberculosis Research 2017年第2期5卷 146-154页

作者： j. Anto jesuraj Uday Kumar Chirag dhar Hiresave Srinivasa Division of Infectious Diseases St. John’s Research Institute Bangalore India Department of Microbiology St. John’s Medical College and Hospital Bangalore India Department of pulmonary Medicine St. John’s Medical College and Hospital Bangalore India

Background and objectives: With 2.2 million new cases every year, Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be an epidemic of large proportions in India. Conventional direct sputum smear microscopy, though limited in its sensitivity, is still the most common method of testing for TB. Newer techniques such as concentrated sputum microscopy, have shown some promise in improving this limited sensitivity. We have compared the efficacy of concentrated sputum versus the direct smear technique in 1000 sputum samples of patients suspected to be suffering from TB. Methods: A total of 1000 sputum specimens were collected for direct acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear, concentrated AFB smear and culture from St. john’s Medical College and Hospital. 39 contaminated samples were (3.9%) omitted during the final analysis. Mycobacterial culture was used as the reference standard method for the detection of TB. Results: 184 and 198 of the 961 samples were found to AFB positive by direct smear microscopy and concentrated smear technique respectively. The measured sensitivity and specificity of direct smear microscopy were 69.86% and 95.82%, while that of concentrated smear microscopy was 76.71% and 95.96 % respectively. 33 samples found to be negative by the direct smear method turned out to be positive by the concentrated smear technique. Conclusions: Though our study suggests no significant statistical difference between the two techniques of detecting pulmonary tuberculosis, we recommend the use of the concentrated technique in centres such as ours, where facilities are already in place. In this way, the number of cases of TB that remain untreated may significantly come down.

关键词： AFB TB Diagnosis Concentrated Smear Direct Smear ZN Staining

The Relative Orientation between Local Magnetic Field and Galactic plane in Low Latitude Dark Clouds

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第7期22卷 84-98页

作者： Gulafsha B.Choudhury Himadri S.Das B.j.Medhi j.C.pandey S.Wolf T.K.dhar A.M.Mazarbhuiya Department of physics Assam UniversitySilchar 788011India Department of physics Gauhati UniversityGuwahati 781014India Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences(ARIES) Nainital 263002India University of Kiel Institute of Theoretical Physics and AstrophysicsLeibnizstrasse 15D-24118KielGermany

In this work,we study the magnetic field morphology of selected star-forming clouds spread over the galactic latitude(b)range−10°to 10°.The polarimetric observations of clouds CB24,CB27 and CB188 are conducted to study the magnetic field geometry of those clouds using the 104 cm Sampurnanand Telescope(ST)located at ARIES,Manora peak,Nainital,*** observations are combined with those of 14 further low latitude clouds available in the *** of these clouds are located within a distance range 140–500 pc except for CB3(∼2500 pc),CB34(∼1500 pc),CB39(∼1500 pc)and CB60(∼1500 pc).Analyzing the polarimetric data of 17 clouds,we find that the alignment between the envelope magnetic field(θ^(env)_(B))and galactic plane(Gp)(θGp)of the low-latitude clouds varies with their galactic longitudes(l).We observe a strong correlation between the longitude(l)and the offset(θ_(off)=|θ^(env)_(B)-θ_(Gp))which shows that θ^(env)_(B) is parallel to the Gp when the clouds are situated in the region 115°pective of the orientation of θGp when the clouds are at l250°.To check the consistency of our results,the stellar polarization data available in the Heiles catalog are overlaid on the DSS image of the clouds having mean polarization vector of field *** results are almost consistent with the Heiles data.A systematic discussion is presented in the *** effect of turbulence in the cloud is also studied which may play an important role in causing the misalignment phenomenon observed between θ^(env)_(B) and θ_(Gp).We have used Herschel(Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA.)SpIRE 500μm and SCUBA 850μm dust continuum emission maps in our work to understand the density structure of the clouds.

关键词： polarization (ISM:)dust extinction ISM:magnetic fields galaxies:magnetic fields

Anti-Inflammatory pre-Treatment to Reduce Mobilization-Induced Liver Inflammation in Mice: Novel Model to Study Liver Injury

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Modern Research in Inflammation 2015年第1期4卷 1-7页

作者： T. Hendrikx C. piersma D. K. dhar L. Mpabanzi j. j. W. Schreurs M. Malagó R. Shiri-Sverdlov S. W. M. Olde Damink Department of Molecular Genetics Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands Department of Surgery Maastricht University Medical Centre Maastricht The Netherlands Department of HpB Surgery and Liver Transplantation Royal Free Hospital University College London London UK Comparative Medicine Department Organ Transplantation Center King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Background: Liver surgery requires mobilization of the liver resulting in injury. Mobilization is the predominant cause of hepatocyte damage during liver surgery and jeopardizes post-operative liver function. previously, mobilization-induced liver injury was found to be associated with inflammation. So far, anti-inflammatory drugs to potentially prevent liver inflammation following liver mobilization were not tested. In this study, we aimed to establish an in vivo mouse model of mobilization-induced liver injury and to evaluate the effect of anti-inflammatory pre-treatment before liver mobilization on liver inflammation. Methods: To develop a mouse model for mobilization-induced liver injury, C57BL/6 mice (n = 8) underwent surgery during which the liver was mobilized by gentle manipulation of the lobes with cotton-wool applicators for 15 minutes. In two control groups, the liver was left alone or was subjected to laparotomy only. An additional group was added that received anti-TNF treatment (Infliximab) 2 days prior to surgery. Liver samples were obtained 2 hours after mobilization and liver inflammation was analyzed by histology and inflammatory gene expression. Results: Gentle liver mobilization resulted in acute liver inflammation as indicated by increased recruitment of inflammatory cells and elevated inflammatory gene expression compared to controls. Infliximab pre-treatment had no effect on the inflammatory response in the liver. Conclusion: Our current model provides an excellent opportunity to study the effects of pre-treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs on mobilization-induced liver inflammation. Further studies are needed to investigate whether anti-inflammatory mediators can be used to prevent liver inflammation.

关键词： Liver Surgery Hepatocellular Damage Inflammation Translational Model post-Resectional Liver Failure