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Impedance analysis of Labisia pumila plant water status

Information Processing in Agriculture 2015年第3期2卷 161-168页

作者： Diyana Jamaludin Samsuzana Abd Aziz desa ahmad Hawa Z.E.Jaafar Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Crop Science Faculty of AgricultureUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia

Labisia pumila(Kacip fatimah)is a popular medicinal plant in *** constituents of this plant have been reported to possess anticancer,antioxidant and anti-inflammatory *** growth and production of *** is greatly influenced by the plant water *** techniques to measure plant water status are generally based on the plant soil moisture,which apparently did not indicate the real water content inside the *** are other techniques to measure directly on the plant such as based on leaf water potential(LWP)and relative water content(RWC).However,these techniques are destructive and time *** this study,four levels of evapotranspiration replacement(ER)treatment which were 100%ER,75%ER,50%ER and 25%ER was applied to 30 polybags of *** *** plant water status was measured using an impedance spectroscopy technique.A pair of electrocardiogram(ECG)electrode connected to an impedance analyzer board was used to measure the impedance value of the leaf samples *** water status parameters such as LWP,RWC,volumetric moisture content(VMC),and leaf thickness were measured using standard *** results show that after 20 weeks of treatment,25%ER had the highest impedance value ranged from 0.10 MX to 0.15 MX at the frequency of 70–100 *** resistance of 100%ER at 20 weeks of treatment increased from 0.70 kX to 1.23 kX as the reactance decreased from 0.51 kX to 0.28 ***,the resistance of 25%ER increased from 1 kX to 1.10 kX as the reactance decreased from 0.88 kX to 0.83 *** polynomial regression of impedance measurements with plant water status parameters(VMC,leaf thickness,LWP and RWC)shows that LWP and RWC had the highest R2(0.78,0.73).The results show that impedance measurement technique is auspicious to evaluate plant water status.

关键词： Impedance spectroscopy Plant water status Labisia pumila Impedance Reactance Resistance

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Manipulator automation for Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) harvester

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2012年第1期5卷 7-12页

作者： Helena Anusia James Jayaselan Wan Ishak Wan Ismail desa ahmad Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia 43400 SerdangSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia

The need to mechanize major field operations that are labor intensive in oil palm industry of Malaysia has led to the study on agricultural machine *** general,study was on machine automation to reduce the number of workers required for harvesting as well as to provide comfortable ergonomic for the operator of oil palm *** objective of the study was to perform interfacing between the oil palm tree and hardware(harvester)as well as to compare the harvesting efficiency between the mechanical and automated *** analysis was calculated based on the D-H configuration for the position and orientation of harvester arm using high resolution webcam and ultrasonic sensor to obtain 3D coordinates required by the D-H *** Circuit Board(PCB)design and fabrication as well as testing and implementation of concept of camera vision operation system for FFB harvester with fully developing a Graphical User Interface(GUI)was conducted to assist the automation of the harvester *** automation of 5DOF manipulator harvester operation proves to be faster than the manually operated mechanical harvester with an approximation of 60 percent significant decrease in speed of the manipulator with 70 percent of accuracy.

关键词： manipulator automation interface FFB

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Advances in greenhouse automation and controlled environment agriculture:A transition to plant factories and urban agriculture

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第1期11卷 1-22页

作者： Redmond Ramin Shamshiri Fatemeh Kalantari K.C.Ting Kelly R.Thorp Ibrahim A.Hameed Cornelia Weltzien desa ahmad Zahra Mojgan Shad Smart Farming Technology Research Center Department of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Landscape Architecture Faculty of Design and ArchitectureUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceU.S.Arid-Land Agricultural Research CenterMaricopaAZ 85138USA Dept.of ICT and Natural Sciences Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringNorwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)Larsgårdsveien 2NO-6009ÅlesundNorway Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy Max-Eyth-Allee 10014469 Potsdam-BornimGermany Adaptive AgroTech Consultancy International CA 93955USA

Greenhouse cultivation has evolved from simple covered rows of open-fields crops to highly sophisticated controlled environment agriculture(CEA)facilities that projected the image of plant factories for urban *** advances and improvements in CEA have promoted the scientific solutions for the efficient production of plants in populated cities and multi-story *** deployment of CEA for urban agriculture requires many components and subsystems,as well as the understanding of the external influencing factors that should be systematically considered and *** review is an attempt to highlight some of the most recent advances in greenhouse technology and CEA in order to raise the awareness for technology transfer and adaptation,which is necessary for a successful transition to urban *** study reviewed several aspects of a high-tech CEA system including improvements in the frame and covering materials,environment perception and data sharing,and advanced microclimate control and energy optimization *** research highlighted urban agriculture and its derivatives,including vertical farming,rooftop greenhouses and plant factories which are the extensions of CEA and have emerged as a response to the growing population,environmental degradation,and urbanization that are threatening food ***,several opportunities and challenges have been identified in implementing the integrated CEA and vertical farming for urban agriculture.

关键词： smart agriculture greenhouse modelling urban agriculture vertical farming automation internet of things(IoT) wireless sensor network plant factories

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Research and development in agricultural robotics:A perspective of digital farming

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第4期11卷 1-14页

作者： Redmond Ramin Shamshiri Cornelia Weltzien Ibrahim A.Hameed Ian J.Yule Tony E.Grift Siva K.Balasundram Lenka Pitonakova desa ahmad Girish Chowdhary Department of Agriculture Technology Faculty of AgricultureUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400SerdangSelangorMalaysia Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy Max-Eyth-Allee 10014469 Potsdam-BornimGermany Dept.of ICT and Natural Sciences Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringNorwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)Larsgårdsveien 2NO-6009ÅlesundNorway New Zealand Centre for Precision Agriculture(NZCPA) School of Agriculture and EnvironmentMassey UniversityPrivate Bag 11222Palmerston North 4442New Zealand Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign1304 West Pennsylvania Avenue UrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Computer Science University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia

Digital farming is the practice of modern technologies such as sensors,robotics,and data analysis for shifting from tedious operations to continuously automated *** paper reviews some of the latest achievements in agricultural robotics,specifically those that are used for autonomous weed control,field scouting,and *** identification,task planning algorithms,digitalization and optimization of sensors are highlighted as some of the facing challenges in the context of digital *** concepts of multi-robots,human-robot collaboration,and environment reconstruction from aerial images and ground-based sensors for the creation of virtual farms were highlighted as some of the gateways of digital *** was shown that one of the trends and research focuses in agricultural field robotics is towards building a swarm of small scale robots and drones that collaborate together to optimize farming inputs and reveal denied or concealed *** the case of robotic harvesting,an autonomous framework with several simple axis manipulators can be faster and more efficient than the currently adapted professional expensive *** robots are becoming the inseparable parts of the modern farms,our conclusion is that it is not realistic to expect an entirely automated farming system in the future.

关键词： agricultural robotics precision agriculture virtual orchards digital agriculture simulation software multi-robots

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Rotating effects on the thermophysical properties of a two-dimensional GaAs quantum ring

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第6期76卷 165-173页

作者： ahmad Ghanbari Department of Physics College of ScienceYasouj UniversityYasoujIran

In this work,we have investigated the rotating effect on the thermodynamic properties of a 2D quantum ***,we have considered the radial potential of a 2D quantum ring and solved the Schrödinger equation in the presence of the Aharonov-Bohm effect and a uniform magnetic field for the considered *** to the solution of the equation,we calculated the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the considered *** the calculated energy spectrum,we obtained the partition function and thermodynamic properties of the system,such as the mean energy,specific heat,entropy and free *** results show that the rotating effect has a significant influence on the thermophysical properties of a 2D quantum *** also study other effects of the rotating term:(1)the effect of different values of rotating parameters,and(2)the effect of negative rotation on the thermodynamic properties of the *** results are discussed in detail.

关键词： Schrodinger equation quantum ring rotation effect thermophysical properties

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Finite element model updating for structural damage detection using transmissibility data

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第1期23卷 87-101页

作者： ahmad Izadi Akbar Esfandiari Department of Maritime Engineering Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehran 15875-4413Iran

This paper presents a new finite element model updating method for estimating structural parameters and detecting structural damage location and severity based on the structural responses(output-only data).The method uses the sensitivity relation of transmissibility data through a least-squares algorithm and appropriate normalization of the extracted *** proposed transmissibility-based sensitivity equation produces a more significant number of equations than the sensitivity equations based on the frequency response function(FRF),which can estimate the structural parameters with higher *** abilities of the proposed method are assessed by using numerical data of a two-story two-bay frame model and a plate structure *** evaluating different damage cases,the number,location,and stiffness reduction of the damaged elements and the severity of the simulated damage have been accurately *** reliability and stability of the presented method against measurement and modeling errors are examined using error-contaminated *** parameter estimation results prove the method’s capabilities as an accurate model updating algorithm.

关键词： damage detection model updating output-only transmissibility sensitivity equation

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Correlation between structural phase transition and physical properties of Co^(2+)/Gd^(3+)co-substituted copper ferrite

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1344-1353,I0006页

作者： Mohsen Choupani ahmad Gholizadeh School of Physics Damghan UniversityDamghan36716-45667Iran

The doping of the spinel ferrites with selective cations usually improves the properties of the parent *** effect of Co^(2+)/Gd^(3+)co-substitution on the microstructure,optical,and magnetic properties of Cu1-xCoxFe2-xGdxO4 prepared by the citrate-nitrate auto-combustion synthesis was *** of the samples was performed with powder X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman and Fouriertransform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,field-emission scanning electron microscopy,X-ray energydispersive spectroscopy,UV-Vis spectroscopy,and a vibrating sample *** results of XRD,Raman,and FTIR analysis show a gradual structural phase transition from a tetragonal(I41/amd)structure to a cubic(Fd3m)*** bandgap energy of the studied samples is in a range of 1.57-1.75 eV with a minimum in sample x=0.06 and then *** investigations show that the presence of Co^(2+)/Gd^(3+)cations in an octahedral site of the copper ferrite structure could increase saturation magnetization and coercive field from 567.9 Oe and 23.62 emu/g to 929.4 Oe and 28.27 emu/g,respectively.

关键词： Spinel copper ferrite Citrate-nitrate method Structure phase transition Microstructure properties Magnetic properties Rare earths

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Evaluation of soil loss severity and ecological restoration approach for sustainable agriculture in the Hindu Kush, Karakoram and Himalaya region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1509-1521页

作者： Arshad ASHRAF Imran ahmad Climate Energy and Water Research InstituteNational Agricultural Research Centre(NARC)Islamabad 44000Pakistan

Soil erosion has resulted in removal of the topsoils containing fine soil particles and plant nutrients, causing decrease in soil fertility in the Hindu Kush, Karakoram and Himalaya(HKH) region. The existing production of cereal crop grains has been reduced to one third of the potential crop grains production owing to land degradation and poor farming practices. It is necessary to assess risk of soil loss and identify appropriate controlling measures to address issues of low agriculture productivity and water insecurity in the region. In the present study, severity of soil loss was predicted using Revised Universal Loss Equation(RUSLE) and ecological measures were identified for sustainable mountain agriculture in the HKH region of Upper Indus Basin, Pakistan. Overall 62.6% area was found to have very low risk of soil loss, i.e., 100 t/(ha·yr) in about 6.8% and 7.4% areas respectively. The mean rate of soil loss was about 41.9 t/(ha·yr) in the Hindu Kush, 31.1 t/(ha·yr) in the Himalayas, 18.8 t/(ha·yr) in the Karakoram and overall 29.7 t/(ha·yr) in the three HKH ranges. As such no considerable measures have been adopted by the communities for restoration of the degraded areas except raising fruit/farm trees and supporting limited social forestry for their livelihoods. The slopes cleared for cultivation and susceptible to erosion may be stabilized through sowing/planting of multi-purpose plant species and formation of proper bench terraces. The conservation of forest ecosystem and pastures at higher elevations would help in reducing overland water flow, risk of flash flood hazard and minimizing sediment loads in the downstream. It is essential to adopt site-specific resource conservation techniques and restore possible ecosystem health for sustainable agriculture and economic developm

关键词： Climate change Erodibility Indus basin Land degradation Slope stabilization

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Federated Learning Security and Privacy-Preserving Algorithm and Experiments Research Under Internet of Things Critical Infrastructure

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第2期29卷 400-414页

作者： Nasir ahmad Jalali Hongsong Chen Department of Computer Science University of Science and Technology Beijing(USTB)Beijing 100083China

The widespread use of the Internet of Things(IoTs)and the rapid development of artificial intelligence technologies have enabled applications to cross commercial and industrial band *** such systems,all participants related to commercial and industrial systems must communicate and generate ***,due to the small storage capacities of IoT devices,they are required to store and transfer the generated data to third-party entity called“cloud”,which creates one single point to store their ***,as the number of participants increases,the size of generated data also ***,such a centralized mechanism for data collection and exchange between participants is likely to face numerous challenges in terms of security,privacy,and *** address these challenges,Federated Learning(FL)has been proposed as a reasonable decentralizing approach,in which clients no longer need to transfer and store real data in the central ***,they only share updated training models that are trained over their private *** the same time,FL enables clients in distributed systems to share their machine learning models collaboratively without their training data,thus reducing data privacy and security ***,slow model training and the execution of additional unnecessary communication rounds may hinder FL applications from operating properly in a distributed ***,these unnecessary communication rounds make the system vulnerable to security and privacy issues,because irrelevant model updates are sent between clients and ***,in this work,we propose an algorithm for fully homomorphic encryption called Cheon-Kim-Kim-Song(CKKS)to encrypt model parameters for their local information privacy-preserving *** proposed solution uses the impetus term to speed up model convergence during the model training ***,it establishes a secure communication channel between IoT devices and the *** a

关键词： Federated Learning(FL) Internet of Things(IoTs) lightweight Transport Layer Security(iTLS) Cheon-Kim-Kim-Song(CKKS)

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Optimizing calcination of coal by-products for maximizing REE leaching recovery and minimizing Al,Ca,and Fe contamination

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1354-1365,I0006页

作者： Tushar Gupta ahmad Nawab Rick Honaker MP Materials Mountain Pass Mine 67750 Bailey RoadMountain PassCA92366USA Department of Mining Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKY40506USA

High-temperature calcination is effective in improving the leaching characteristics of rare earth elements(REEs)from conventional REE-bearing minerals by transforming them into more leachable ***,the recovery of contaminants such as Al,Fe,and Ca also increases *** objective of the study was to maximize the REE extraction while minimizing the concentration of contaminant ions(Al,Ca,and Fe)in the leach *** density fractions of the coarse refuse from the Baker and Fire Clay seam coal refuse were pulverized to a top size of 180μm and used as a feedstock for the *** the samples generated from thermal treatment were leached at 1%(w/v)using 1.2 mol/L sulfuric acid at 75℃ for 2 *** results from a parametric program based on a Box-Behnken design were used for modeling and optimization of three operating parameters associated with the lab-scale calcination *** parameters included temperature(400-800℃),ramp rate(2-10℃/min)and holding time(0-120 min).It was determined that the calcination temperature was the most significant parameter influencing REE *** majority of the heavy rare earth elements(HREEs)were found to be present in an insoluble form in the calcination products and were marginally affected by thermal treatment.A strong correlation between light rare earth elements recovery(LREEs)and Al suggested a possible association with *** optimum operating conditions for high REE recovery with comparatively lower contaminant concentration for 1.6 specific gravity float and 2.2 sink fractions of Baker and Fire Clay seam material were determined to be at 776,800℃ and 407,800℃,calcining temperatures,respectively.A higher optimum temperature of 1.6 float fraction of Baker seam relative to Fire Clay seam material was due to elevated pyrite concentration in Baker seam *** treatment at 400℃ converted pyrite into a soluble intermedium iron oxide,resulting in a high Fe content in the ***

关键词： Calcination Optimization Rare earth elements Coal refuse

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