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development of an in vitro protein digestibility assay mimicking the chicken digestive tract

Animal Nutrition 2018年第4期4卷 401-409页

作者： dervan d.s.l.bryan dawn A.Abbott Henry l.Classen department of Animal and Poultry science University of Saskatchewan

It is difficult to obtain in vivo digestion kinetics data of high protein ingredients using chickens. Collecting kinetics data requires repeated sampling of digesta from the small intestine during the digestion process,which is not easily accomplished due to the anatomical structure of chicken digestive tract. An in vitro technique is proposed for measuring the digestion kinetics of protein sources fed to chickens. The method has a 30 min gastric and 3 h intestinal phase. Five hundred milligram crude protein(CP)equivalent of each meal sample(CP = % N × 6.25) was digested with pepsin(28,260 units) in 50 m l polyethylene centrifuge tubes for 30 min in a shaking water bath(150 strokes/min; 30 mm stroke length)at 41C. The 6.5 ml pancreatin was selected as the enzyme concentration for the intestinal phase, during which time 500 m l aliquots were collected at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 240 min. samples were diluted 1:820 with HCl and sodium acetate buffer, and then mixed with ninhydrin reagent(2:1) at100 ± 2C for 15 min and spectrometric readings taken at 568 nm. To validate the assay, 5 replications of soybean meal(sBM), corn gluten meal(CGM), corn distillers dried grains with solubles(CddGs), porcine meal(PCM), fish meal(FM) and casein(CA) were digested. The digestion data were modeled with PROC NlIN procedure, and the intra coefficient of variation(CV) assessed using PROC MEANs of sAs 9.4. The digestion values at 180 min were sBM 95 ± 4, FM 93 ± 3, PCM 68 ± 4, CGM 82 ± 3 and CddGs 70 ± *** CV for sBM, CGM, CddGs, PCM and FM were 5%, 5%, 12%, 10% and 2%, respectively. The estimated fractional digestion rates for sBM, CGM, CddGs, FM and PCM were 0.023, 0.013, 0.009, 0.024 and 0.013,respectively. In conclusion, the proposed in vitro technique estimated the rate and extent of the digestion of CP for the meals with low intra CV.

关键词： Protein digestion rate soybean meal Corn gluten meal Corn distillers dried grains with solubles Fish meal Porcine meal

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Effect of protein sources on performance characteristics of turkeys in the first three weeks of life

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Animal Nutrition 2019年第4期5卷 396-406页

作者： Megan l.Ross dervan d.s.l.bryan dawn A.Abbott Henry l.Classen department of Animal and Poultry science University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonS7N 5A8SaskatchewanCanada

The effect of nutrition during the early life of turkey poults has a long-lasting impact on bird *** study assessed the digestibility of 5 high protein feed ingredients(soybean meal [sBM],corn gluten meal [CGM],canola protein concentrate [CPC],fish meal [FM],and porcine meal [PCM]) in broiler chickens,as well as their use in turkey pre-starter diets fed to 21 d of *** first experiment(5 × 2 factorial arrangement) determined nitrogen corrected apparent metabolizable energy(AMEn) and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility(AIAAd) of each ingredient in broiler chickens at 5 and 21 d of age,using 6 replications of 30 and 8 chicks,*** the second experiment(completely randomized design),4 replication pens,containing 23 d-old poults,were randomly assigned to one of 5 dietary *** diets were formulated based on the AMEn and AIAAd values derived in the first experiment,and consisted of a high sBM control diet,and 4 additional diets with either CPC,FM,PCM or CGM replacing 25% of the protein supplied by sBM in the control *** analysis was completed using Proc Mixed in sAs *** contrasts were used to compare treatments in the second *** were identified at P d significant differences identified at P≤*** age did not affect CPC,FM,CGM,and sBM AMEn,but the PCM value at d 5 was higher than that at d *** ileal amino acid digestibility increased with age for most amino acids(AA),but the response was AA and protein source *** largest average increase in AIAAd between 5 and 21 d of age was observed for *** of CPC,FM,PCM,or CGM increased body weight up to 14 d,in comparison to poults fed the sBM diet,but feed efficiency and water consumption were not *** ileum digesta moisture values were higher for birds fed sBM when compared to those fed *** results demonstrate that combining sBM with CPC,FM,PCM,or CGM improves poult performance during the first 14 d of

关键词： soybean meal Corn gluten meal Canola meal Fish meal Porcine meal Turkeys

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Performance and calibration of quark/gluon-jet taggers using 140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATlAs detector

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott K. Abeling N.J. Abicht s.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorma H. Abramowicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B.s. Acharya C. Adam Bourdarios l. Adamczyk s.V. Addepalli M.J. Addison J. Adelman A. Adiguzel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik M.N. Agaras J. Agarwala A. Aggarwal C. Agheorghiesei A. Ahmad F. Ahmadov W.s. Ahmed s. Ahuja X. Ai G. Aielli A. Aikot M. Ait Tamlihat B. Aitbenchikh I. Aizenberg M. Akbiyik T.P.A. Åkesson A.V. Akimov d. Akiyama N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury G.l. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albicocco G.l. Albouy s. Alderweireldt M. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi M. Algren M. Alhroob B. Ali H.M.J. Ali s. Ali s.W. Alibocus M. Aliev G. Alimonti W. Alkakhi C. Allaire B.M.M. Allbrooke J.F. Allen C.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso C. Alpigiani M. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez M. Alves Cardoso M.G. Alviggi M. Aly Y. Amaral Coutinho A. Ambler C. Amelung M. Amerl C.G. Ames d. Amidei s.P. Amor dos santos K.R. Amos V. Ananiev C. Anastopoulos T. Andeen J.K. Anders s.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza s. Angelidakis A. Angerami A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel M.T. Anthony E. Antipov M. Antonelli F. Anulli M. Aoki T. Aoki J.A. Aparisi Pozo M.A. Aparo l. Aperio Bella C. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal s.J. Arbiol Val C. Arcangeletti A.T.H. Arce E. Arena J-F. Arguin s. Argyropoulos J.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold G. Artoni H. Asada K. Asai s. Asai N.A. Asbah J. Assahsah K. Assamagan R. Astalos s. Atashi R.J. Atkin M. Atkinson H. Atmani P.A. Atmasiddha K. Augsten s. Auricchio A.d. Auriol V.A. Austrup G. Avolio K. Axiotis G. Azuelos d. Babal H. Bachacou K. Bachas A. Bachiu F. Backman A. Badea P. Bagnaia M. Bahmani A.J. Bailey V.R. Bailey J.T. Baines l. Baines O.K. Baker E. Bakos d. Bakshi Gupta V. Balakrishnan R. Balasubramanian E.M. Baldin P. Balek E. Ballabene F. Balli l.M. Baltes W.K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas M. Bandieramonte A. Bandyopadhyay s. Bansal l. Barak M. Barakat E.l. Barberio d. Barberis M. Barbero M.Z. Barel K.N. Barends T. Barillari M-s. Barisits T. Barklow P. Baron d.A. Baron Mo The ATlAs Collaboration

The identification of jets originating from quarks and gluons,often referred to as quark/gluon tagging,plays an important role in various analyses performed at the large Hadron Collider,as standard Model measurements and searches for new particles decaying to quarks often rely on suppressing a large gluon-induced *** paper describes the measurement of the efficiencies of quark/gluon taggers developed within the ATlAs Collaboration,using √s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb^(-1) collected by the ATlAs *** taggers with high performances in rejecting jets from gluon over jets from quarks are studied:one tagger is based on requirements on the number of inner-detector tracks associated with the jet,and the other combines several jet substructure observables using a boosted decision tree.A method is established to determine the quark/gluon fraction in data,by using quark/gluon-enriched subsamples defined by the jet *** in tagging efficiency between data and simulation are provided for jets with transverse momentum between 500 GeV and 2 TeV and for multiple tagger working points.

关键词： ATlAs JET QUARK GlUON TAGGING

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无辜被告人困境:辩诉交易无辜被告人问题创新实证研究

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犯罪研究 2020年第5期 87-112页

作者：卢西安•德万凡妮莎•艾德金斯夏菲(译) 美国贝尔蒙特大学法学院刑事司法研究中心美国弗罗里达州科技大学心理学学院华东政法大学

本文作者讨论了有关辩诉交易和无辜问题的心理学研究。此项研究有几十名大学生参与,历时几个月。研究揭示,超过一半的无辜参与者愿意做虚假有罪供述以换取一定益处。长期以来,关于辩诉交易中无辜被告人问题的严重程度存在争议,本项研究... 详细信息

本文作者讨论了有关辩诉交易和无辜问题的心理学研究。此项研究有几十名大学生参与,历时几个月。研究揭示,超过一半的无辜参与者愿意做虚假有罪供述以换取一定益处。长期以来,关于辩诉交易中无辜被告人问题的严重程度存在争议,本项研究结果对于以新的视角审视该问题具有重要意义。文章还介绍了辩诉交易的历史并且分析了本项辩诉交易研究结果的宪法解读,即美国最高法院于1970年勉强认可辩诉交易时所强调的,必须确保无辜被告人不会被诱使做虚假有罪供述。

关键词：辩诉交易无辜被告人心理学实验

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