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Generalized Baumslag-Solitar Graphs with Soluble Fundamental Groups

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Algebra Colloquium 2014年第1期21卷 53-58页

作者： Alberto l. Delgado derek J.S. Robinson Mathew Timm vDepartment of Mathematics illinois State University Normal IL 61790 USA Department of Mathematics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Mathematics Bradley University Peoria IL 61625 USA

It is shown that the generalized Baumslag-Solitar graphs which have soluble fundamental groups can be constructed from four simple types of graph by a process of decoration. The method of proof is elementary and emplo... 详细信息

关键词： generalized Baumslag-Solitar graph soluble fundamental group

EFFECT OF COMPOSITION AND PROCESSING CONDITION ON MICROSTRUCTURAl PROPERTIES AND DURABIlITY OF FlUOROPOlYMER/ACRYlIC BlENDS

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2009年第1期27卷 59-69页

作者： derek l.Ho Forrest.A.landis Diep Nguyen National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) GaithersburgMDUSA Pennsylvania State University YorkPAUSA Illinois Institute of Technology ChicagoILUSA

Fluoropolymer blends have been widely used as binders for exterior coatings because of their excellent resistance to ultra-violet (UV) radiation as well as to many corrosive chemical *** is known that the fluorinated component usually has a lower glass transition temperature and easily crystallizes in the final structure depending upon the blend composition and sample annealing *** investigated the effect of blend composition and annealing process (slow and fast cooling) on the surface morpho...

关键词： AFM Confocal microscopy Crystallinity Surface morphology Small angle scattering UV exposure

Breaking wheat yield barriers requires integrated efforts in developing countries

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第8期14卷 1447-1474页

作者： Saeed Rauf Maria Zaharieva Marilyn l Warburton ZHANG Ping-zhi Abdullah M Al-Sadi Farghama Khalil Marcin kozak Sultan A Tariq Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics University College of Agriculture University of Sargodha National Agricultural University la Molina (UNAlM) USDA ARS Corn Host Plant Resistance Research Unit Crop Research Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences Department of Crop Science College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences Sultan Qaboos University Department of Botany Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SSGW Social Sciences Research Institute National Agriculture Research Council

Most yield progress obtained through the so called ＂Green Revolution＂, particularly in the irrigated areas of Asia, has reached a limit, and major resistance genes are quickly overcome by the appearance of new strains of disease causing *** plant stresses due to a changing environment are difficult to breed for as quickly as the changes *** is consequently a continual need for new research programs and breeding strategies aimed at improving yield potential, abiotic stress tolerance and resistance to new, major pests and *** advances in plant breeding encompass novel methods of expanding genetic variability and selecting for recombinants, including the development of synthetic hexaploid, hybrid and transgenic *** addition, the use of molecular approaches such as quantitative trait locus（QTl） and association mapping may increase the possibility of directly selecting positive chromosomal regions linked with natural variation for grain yield and stress *** present article reviews the potential contribution of these new approaches and tools to the improvement of wheat yield in farmer＇s fields, with a special emphasis on the Asian countries, which are major wheat producers, and contain the highest concentration of resource-poor wheat farmers.

关键词： genetic diversity heterosis hybrid wheat synthetic hexaploid wheat yield potential

A historical review of the development of verification and validation theories for simulation models

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2017年第2期8卷 1-24页

作者： Phillip J.Durst derek T.Anderson Cindy l.Bethel U.S.Army Engineer Research and Development Center 3909 Halls Ferry Road Vicksburg MS 39180USA Mississippi State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mississippi StateMS 39759USA Mississippi State University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Mississippi StateMS 39759USA

Modeling and simulation(M&S)play a critical role in both engineering and basic research ***-based models have existed since the 1950s,and those early models have given way to the more complex computational and physics-based simula-tions used *** such,a great deal of research has been done to establish what level of trust should be given to simulation outputs and how to verify and validate the mod-els used in these *** paper presents an overview of the theoretical work done to date defining formal definitions for,and methods of,verification and validation(V&V)of computer *** models are broken down into three broad cate-gories:analytical and simulation models,computational and physics-based models,and simulations of autonomous systems,and the unique theories and methods developed to address V&V of these models are *** paper also presents the current prob-lems in the theoretical field of V&V for models as simulations move from single system models and simulations to more complex simulation *** particular,this paper high-lights the lack of agreed-upon methods for V&V of simulations of autonomous systems,such as an autonomous unmanned vehicles,and proposes some next steps needed to address this problem.

关键词： Verification and validation simulation models computational models physics-based simulations autonomous systems.

Hepatocellular carcinoma in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-a review of an emerging challenge facing clinicians

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第1期10卷 59-75页

作者： Daniel Geh derek M.Manas Helen l.Reeves Northern Institute for Cancer Research Institute of Cellular Medicine Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNewcastle upon TyneUK

Importance:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFlD)is a rapidly growing cause of chronic liver disease and is becoming a leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in many developed *** presents major challenges for the surveillance,diagnosis and treatment of ***:To discuss the clinical challenges faced by clinicians in managing the rising number of NAFlD-HCC *** Review:MEDlINE,PubMed and Embase databases were searched using the keywords;NAFlD,HCC,surveillance,hepatectomy,liver transplantation,percutaneous ablation,transarterial chemoembolization(TACE),selective internal radiotherapy treatment(SIRT)and *** clinical studies were ***:Current HCC surveillance programmes are inadequate because they only screen for HCC in patients with cirrhosis,whereas in NAFlD a significant proportion of HCC develops in the absence of *** NAFlD patients often present with a more advanced stage of HCC,with a poorer ***-HCC patients also tend to be older and to have more co-morbidities compared to HCC of other *** limits the use of curative treatments such as liver resection and orthotopic liver transplantation(OlT).Evidence suggests that although NAFlD-HCC patients who undergo liver resection or OlT have worse perioperative and short-term outcomes,overall long-term survival is comparable to HCC of other *** highlights the importance of careful patient selection,pre-habilitation and perioperative planning for NAFlD-HCC patients being considered for surgical *** consideration is also important for non-surgical treatments,although the evidence supporting treatment selection is frequently lacking,as these patients tend to be poorly represented in clinical *** therapies such as percutaneous ablation and TACE may be less well tolerated and less effective in NAFlD patients with obesity or *** tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib may also b

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFlD) hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) liver transplantation hepatectomy catheter ablation sorafenib population surveillance

Infectious complications during immunochemotherapy of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disease–can we decrease the risk? Two case reports and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第3期9卷 748-757页

作者： Aleksandra Gładyś Sylwia kozak Kamil Wdowiak Mateusz Winder Jerzy Chudek Department of Internal Diseases and Oncological Chemotherapy Faculty of Medical SciencesMedical University of Silesia in KatowiceKatowice 40-027Woj.śląskiePoland

BACKGROUND Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease(PTlD)is a heterogeneous group of diseases that develop after solid organ and hematopoietic stem cells transplantation related to intensive immunosuppression regimen,T-cell depletion and Epstein-Barr virus *** the improvement in the management of PTlD,the prognosis remains *** we report the management of two transplanted patients with PTlD and infections during immunochemotherapy(ICTH).CASE SUMMARY Of 65-year-old woman 11 years after kidney transplantation(first case)presented with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DlBCl)CS III and started ICHT according to R-CHOP *** the secondary prevention of neutropenic fever,the patient developed grade 4 neutropenia with urinary and pulmonary tract infections after the fifth *** was continued in reduced doses up to 7 cycles followed by involved-field radiation therapy of the residual *** second case presents a 49-year-old man,8 years after liver transplantation due to cirrhosis in the course of chronic hepatitis B,who started ICTH for DlBCl Burkitt-like CS *** patient received four cycles of ICTH according to RCODOX/R-IVAC protocol,with reduced *** both cases initially undertaken reduction of immunosuppression was ineffective to prevent infectious *** one incomplete ICHT treatment due to recurrent infections,both our patients remain in complete *** Reduction of immunosuppression and the doses of chemotherapeutics may be insufficient to prevent infectious complications during ICTH in PTlD patients.

关键词： Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease lymphoma Epstein-Barr virus Immunosuppression Transplantation Case report

IDO1 in cancer: a Gemini of immune checkpoints

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第5期15卷 447-457页

作者： lijie Zhai Erik ladomersky Alicia lenzen Brenda Nguyen Ricky Patel Kristen l lauing Meijing Wu derek A Wainwright Department of Neurological Surgery Northwestern University Department of Pediatrics Northwestern University Division of Hematology Oncology and Stem Cell TransplantationNorthwestern University Ann&Robert H.lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago Northwestern University Department of Medicine-Hematology/Oncology Northwestern University Department of Microbiology-Immunology Northwestern University Department of MedicineDivision of Hematology and Oncology Northwestern UniversityBrain Tumor InstituteNorthwestern University Robert H.lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611USA

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1(IDO1)is a rate-limiting metabolic enzyme that converts the essential amino acid tryptophan(Trp)into downstream catabolites known as ***,numerous studies have demonstrated that IDO1 is highly expressed in multiple types of human *** studies have further introduced an interesting paradox:while single-agent treatment with IDO1 enzyme inhibitor has a negligible effect on decreasing the established cancer burden,approaches combining select therapies with IDO1 blockade tend to yield a synergistic benefit against tumor growth and/or animal subject *** the high expression of IDO1 among multiple cancer types along with the lack of monotherapeutic efficacy,these data suggest that there is a more complex mechanism of action than previously *** to the dual faces of the astrological Gemini,we highlight the multiple roles of IDO1 and review its canonical association with IDO1-dependent tryptophan metabolism,as well as documented evidence confirming the dispensability of enzyme activity for its immunosuppressive *** gene transcript levels for IDO1 highlight its strong association with T-cell infiltration,but the lack of a universal prognostic significance among all cancer ***,ongoing clinical trials are discussed with consideration of IDO1-targeting strategies that enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy for cancer patients。

关键词： glioblastoma glioma IDO immunosuppression kynurenine immunotherapy melanoma Treg

Diagnosis and surgical management of breast cancer metastatic to the spine

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2014年第3期5卷 263-271页

作者： derek G Ju Alp Yurter Ziya l Gokaslan Daniel M Sciubba Department of Neurosurgery The Johns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsJohns Hopkins University

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and the second leading cause of death in Western women. Breast cancer most commonly metastasizes to the bone and has a particular affinity with the spine, accounting for 2/3 of osseous metastases discovered. With significant improvements in cancer therapies, the number of patients at risk for symptomatic spinal metastases is likely to increase. Patients may suffer from intractable pain and neurological dysfunction, negatively influencing their quality of life. Timely diagnosis of patients is crucial and has been aided by several breakthrough advances in imaging techniques which aid in detection, staging, and follow-up of bone metastases. Breast metastases are usually responsive to hormonal therapy and pharmacologic interventions, but skeletal metastases often require surgical intervention. The treatments are palliative but goals include the preserving or restoring neurologic function, ensuring spinal stability, and relieving pain. Advances in surgical techniques and instrumentation have allowed more effective decompres-sion and stabilization of the spine, and with the support of recent evidence the trend has shifted towards using more advanced surgical options in appropriately selected patients. In this review, the clinical presentation, diagnosis, patient selection, and surgical management of breast cancer metastatic to the spine are discussed.

关键词： Breast cancer Spine Metastasis Surgery Outcomes Decompression

MEK inhibition activates STAT signaling to increase breast cancer immunogenicity via MHC-I expression

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2020年第3期3卷 603-612页

作者： derek A.Franklin Jamaal l.James Margaret l.Axelrod Justin M.Balko Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37232USA. Department of Pathology Microbiologyand ImmunologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37232USA. Breast Cancer Research Program Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37232USA.

Aim:Immunotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICI)have changed cancer care for many patients;however,breast cancers have exhibited minimal response to single agent ICI *** is a significant need to identify novel targets capable of increasing cancer cell immunogenicity and response to ICIs in breast *** activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling is essential for many cellular processes but the relationship between MAPK signaling and cancer cell immunogenicity is less well *** reports suggest that MEK inhibition(MEKi)affects the tumor-immune microenvironment by altering the expression of interferon responsive PD-l1 and MHC-I through unknown ***:Using western blotting and flow cytometry,we sought to determine whether MEKi affects JAK-STAT signaling upstream of PD-l1 and MHC-I expression in a panel of mouse mammary cancer and triple negative breast cancer cell ***:The cell lines tested exhibited increased STAT activation in response to MEKi ***,MEKi-induced MHC-I and PD-l1 expression are dependent upon STAT1 in MMTV-Neu ***,MEKiinduced STAT activation and interferon-responsive protein expression are abrogated with ErbB-family inhibitor co-treatment in MMTV-Neu cells,suggesting ErbB receptor signaling dependence,but not in basal-like cell ***,analysis of basal-like breast cancer patient samples exhibited an inverse relationship between STAT1 and Ras/MAPK activation ***:These findings suggest that MAPK signaling and STAT activation are inversely related in both mouse and human mammary *** work also supports further study of MEKi to increase STAT signaling and potentially,immunotherapy responses through increased MHC-I and PD-l1 expression.

关键词： Mitogen activated protein kinase signaling immunogenicity MHC-I PD-l1