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Habitual sedentary time and stationary time are inversely related to aerobic fitness

sports Medicine and Health science 2022年第4期4卷 260-266页

作者： Myles W.O'Brien Madeline E.shivgulam Jennifer L.Petterson Yanlin Wua Ryan J.Frayne said Mekari derek s.kimmerly Division of Kinesiology School of Health and Human PerformanceFaculty of HealthDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada Department of Family Medicine Universitéde SherbrookeSherbrookeQuebecCanada

A one metabolic-equivalent-of-task increase in peak aerobic fitness(peak MET)is associated with a clinically relevant improvement in survival risk and all-cause *** co-dependent impact of free-living physical behaviours on aerobic fitness are poorly *** purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of theoretically re-allocating time spent in physical behaviours on aerobic *** hypothesized that substituting sedentary time with any physical activity(at any intensity)would be associated with a predicted improvement in aerobic *** volume rate of oxygen uptake(VO_(2)peak)was assessed via indirect calorimetry during a progressive,maximal cycle ergometer protocol in 103 adults(52 females;[38±21]years;[25.0±3.8]kg/m^(2);VO_(2)peak:[35.4±11.5]ml⋅kg^(-1)⋅min^(-1)).Habitual sedentary time,standing time,light-(LPA),moderate-(MPA),and vigorous-physical activity(VPA)were assessed 24-h/day via thigh-worn inclinometry for up to one week(average:[6.3±0.9]days).Isotemporal substitution modelling examined the impact of replacing one physical behaviour with *** time(β=0.8,95%CI:[-1.3,-0.2])and standing time(β=0.9,95%CI:[-1.6,-0.2])were negatively associated with VO_(2)peak,whereas VPA was positively associated with relative VO_(2)peak(β=9.2,95%CI:[0.9,17.6]).substituting 30-min/day of VPA with any other behaviour was associated with a 2.4–3.4 higher peak *** standing time was associated with a lower aerobic *** little as 10-min/day of VPA predicted a clinically relevant 0.8–1.1 peak MET ***,replacing any time with relatively small amounts of VPA is associated with improvements in aerobic fitness.

关键词： Physical activity intensity Cardiorespiratory fitness Objective activity monitoring sedentary activity Isotemporal substitution modelling

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Applying Machine Learning Approach to Explore Childhood Circumstances and self-Rated Health in Old Age-China and the Us,2020-2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第11期6卷 213-218,I0008-I0013页

作者： shutong Huo derek Feng Thomas M.Gill Xi Chen Department of Health Society&BehaviorPublic HealthUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Department of statistics and Data science Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUS Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUS Department of Health Policy and Management Yale School of Public HealthNew HavenCTUS Department of Economics Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUS.

Introduction:Childhood circumstances impact senior health,prompting the introduction of machine learning methods to assess their individual and collective contributions to senior ***:Using health and retirement study(HRs)and China Health and Retirement Longitudinal study(CHARLs),we analyzed 2,434 American and 5,612 Chinese participants aged 60 and *** inference trees and forests were employed to estimate the influence of childhood circumstances on self-rated health(sRH).Results:The conventional method estimated higher inequality of opportunity(IOP)values in both China(0.039,accounting for 22.67%of the total Gini coefficient 0.172)and the Us(0.067,accounting for 35.08%of the total Gini coefficient 0.191).In contrast,the conditional inference tree yielded lower estimates(China:0.022,accounting for 12.79%of 0.172;Us:0.044,accounting for 23.04%of 0.191),as did the forest(China:0.035,accounting for 20.35%of 0.172;Us:0.054,accounting for 28.27%of 0.191).Childhood health,financial status,and regional differences were key determinants of senior *** conditional inference forest consistently outperformed others in predictive accuracy,as demonstrated by lower out-of-sample mean squared error(MsE).Discussion:The findings emphasize the need for early-life interventions to promote health equity in aging *** learning showcases the potential in identifying contributing factors.

关键词： collective inequality estimates

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Realization of flexible in-memory computing in a van der Waals ferroelectric heterostructure tri-gate transistor

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1886-1892页

作者： Xinzhu Gao Quan Chen Qinggang Qin Liang Li Meizhuang Liu derek Hao Junjie Li Jingbo Li Zhongchang Wang Zuxin Chen school of semiconductor science and Technology South China Normal UniversityFoshan 528225China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chip and Integration Technology Guangzhou 510631China Institute of solid state Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical science Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230601China school of science STEM CollegeRMIT UniversityMelbourne 3000Australia CAs Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for special Environments Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics&ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Center of Materials science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Optical science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory(INL) Av.Mestre Jose Veiga s/nBraga 4715-330Portugal

Combining logical function and memory characteristics of transistors is an ideal strategy for enhancing computational efficiency of transistor ***,we rationally design a tri-gate two-dimensional(2D)ferroelectric van der Waals heterostructures device based on copper indium thiophosphate(CuInP_(2)s_(6))and few layers tungsten disulfide(Ws_(2)),and demonstrate its multi-functional applications in multi-valued state of data,non-volatile storage,and logic *** co-regulating the input signals across the tri-gate,we show that the device can switch functions flexibly at a low supply voltage of 6 V,giving rise to an ultra-high current switching ratio of 107 and a low subthreshold swing of 53.9 mV/*** findings offer perspectives in designing smart 2D devices with excellent functions based on ferroelectric van der Waals heterostructures.

关键词： two-dimensional(2D)ferroelectric heterostructure tri-gate polymorphic regulation in-memory computing

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Peri-articular elbow fracture fixations with magnesium implants and a review of current literature: A case series

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第3期15卷 215-229页

作者： Christopher Fang Antony Xavier Rex Premchand derek Howard Park Dong Hao Toon Department of Orthopaedic surgery Khoo Teck Puat HospitalNational Healthcare GroupSingapore 768828Singapore

BACKGROUND In recent years,the use of Magnesium alloy implants have gained renewed popularity,especially after the first commercially available ConformitéEuropéenne approved Magnesium implant became available(MAGNEZIX®Cs,syntellix)in *** To document our clinical and radiographical outcomes using magnesium implants in treating peri-articular elbow *** Our paper was based on a retrospective case series ***-operatively,a standardized surgical technique was utilized for insertion of the magnesium ***–operatively,clinic visits were standardized and physical exam findings,functional scores,and radiographs were obtained at each *** complications were *** Five patients with 6 fractures were recruited(2 coronoid,3 radial head and 1 capitellum).The mean patient age and length of follow up was 54.6 years and 11 months *** fractures healed,and none exhibited loss of reduction or complications requiring revision *** patient developed synovitis of the elbow joint or suffered electrolytic reactions when titanium implants were used *** Although there is still a paucity of literature available on the subject and further studies are required,magnesium implants appear to be a feasible tool for fixation of peri-articular elbow fractures with promising results in our *** In recent years,the use of Magnesium alloy implants in orthopaedic surgeries have gained renewed *** from being bioabsorbable,negating the need for implant removal,magnesium also has good osteoconductive properties[1-4].Biomechanically,it exhibits greater biomechanical strength than any pre-existing polymers,and reduces the stress-shielding effect associated with titanium and steel implants as it has a Young’s modulus closer to bone[4].Currently,the main utility of magnesium implants in the orthopaedic community is within the foot and ankle community where satisfactory results have been reported

关键词： Magnesium screw Fracture Peri-articular Elbow

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Future climate change decreases multi-pathway but increases respiratory human health risks of PAHs across China

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National science Open 2024年第2期3卷 128-147页

作者： Jiaao Bao Xinghui Xia Ying Zhu Bingxiang Zhao Erxue Gu Yanan Liu Xiao Yun Zhenrui Zhang Nannan Xi Yong Geng Ying Xu Zhifeng Yang derek C.G.Muir Key Laboratory of Water and sediment sciences of Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Water Environment SimulationSchool of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China state Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants School of Environmental Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China College of Urban and Environmental sciences Laboratory for Earth Surface ProcessesSino-French Institute for Earth System SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education Institute of Environmental and Ecological EngineeringGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Aquatic Contaminants Research Division Environment and Climate Change CanadaBurlington L7S 1A1Canada

Future climate change will affect the environmental fate of hydrophobic organic contaminants(HOCs)and associated human health risks,yet the extent of these effects remains ***,we couple a high-resolution environmental multimedia model with a bioaccumulation model to study the multimedia distribution of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),a group of HOCs,and assess future PAH-related human health risks under varying climate change scenarios over China at a continental *** removing the effects of PAH emission changes,we find that the total PAH concentrations would decrease in the air,freshwater,sediment,soil,and organisms,while the high-molecular-weight PAH would increase in the air with climate warming from 1.5°C to 4°***,the multi-pathway exposure human health risks predominately influenced by dietary ingestion are expected to decrease by 1.7%–20.5%,while the respiratory risks are projected to rise by 0.2%–5.8%in the ***,the persistently high multi-pathway human health risks underscore the need for reducing future PAH emissions by 69%compared with 2009 levels in *** study demonstrates the urgency of limiting PAH emissions under future climate change for public health and highlights the importance of including the contribution of dietary ingestion in human health risk assessment.

关键词： polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons future climate change human health risks emission reduction

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Do cratons preserve evidence of stagnant lid tectonics?

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第1期9卷 3-17页

作者： derek Wyman school of Geosciences The University of Sydney

Evidence for episodic crustal growth extending back to the Hadean has recently prompted a number of numerically based geodynamic models that incorporate cyclic changes from stagnant lid to mobile lid tectonics. A large part of the geologic record is missing for the times at which several of these cycles are inferred to have taken place. The cratons, however, are likely to retain important clues relating to similar cycles developed in the Mesoarchean and Neoarchean. Widespread acceptance of a form of plate tectonics by ～3.2 Ga is not at odds with the sporadic occurrence of stagnant lid tectonics after this time. The concept of scale as applied to cratons, mantle plumes and Neoarchean volcanic arcs are likely to provide important constraints on future models of Earth's geodynamic evolution. The superior Province will provide some of the most concrete evidence in this regard given that its constituent blocks may have been locked into a stagnant lid relatively soon after their formation and then assembled in the next global plate tectonic interval. Perceived complexities associated with inferred mantle plume — volcanic arc associations in the superior Province and other cratons may be related to an over estimation of plume size. A possible stagnant lid episode between ～2.9 Ga and ～2.8 Ga is identified by previously unexplained lapses in volcanism on cratons, including the Kaapvaal, Yilgarn and superior Province cratons. If real, then mantle dynamics associated with this episode likely eliminated any contemporaneous mantle plume incubation sites, which has important implications for widespread plumes developed at ～2.7 Ga and favours a shallow mantle source in the transition zone. The superior Province provides a uniquely preserved local proxy for this global event and could serve as the basis for detailed numerical models in the future.

关键词： Archean Mantle overturn superior Province Mantle plumes stagnant lid tectonics

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Generalized Baumslag-solitar Graphs with soluble Fundamental Groups

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Algebra Colloquium 2014年第1期21卷 53-58页

作者： Alberto L. Delgado derek J.s. Robinson Mathew Timm vDepartment of Mathematics illinois State University Normal IL 61790 USA Department of Mathematics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Mathematics Bradley University Peoria IL 61625 USA

It is shown that the generalized Baumslag-solitar graphs which have soluble fundamental groups can be constructed from four simple types of graph by a process of decoration. The method of proof is elementary and emplo... 详细信息

关键词： generalized Baumslag-solitar graph soluble fundamental group

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The delivery of effective therapeutic cancer vaccination

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第2期13卷 183-184页

作者： derek Hart Dendritic Cell Biology and Therapeutics ANZACResearch Institute Sydney NSW 2139 Australia

The recent New England Journal of Medicine article describing the Phase3 placebo controlled trial （Immunotherapy for Prostate Andenocarcinoma Treatment） was much anticipated. Its publication and peer review brings down the curtain on the, at times controversial, application by Dendreon to the Us Food and Drug Administration. The Immunotherapy for Prostate Andenocarcinoma Treatment data lead to the Us Food and Drug Administration＇s final approval in April of the product sipuleucel-T （Provenge） as the first therapeutic vaccine for use in individuals with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic hormone refractory metastatic prostate cancer.

关键词： Prostate Immunotherapy Drugs Immunity Vaccines Vaccination Administration Managers Cancer (genus) Uses

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shear properties of cemented rockfills

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2018年第4期10卷 635-644页

作者： Bob A.Lingga derek B.Apel Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering School of Mining and Petroleum University of Alberta

Application of cemented rockfilling to underground mining could not be separated from the corresponding backfill’s shear strength properties. The shear of cemented rockfill(CRF)-rock wall and the shear interaction occurring within CRFs both have some disadvantageous failure chances. In this study,we tried to investigate the complete shear properties of CRFs using direct shear and triaxial tests of cemented granite rockfill. Large-scale triaxial testing was held to accommodate the large CRF *** shear testing on the prepared flat and smooth surfaces was assessed with brief conversions and their corrections were used to approximate the shear strength envelopes of CRF joint interfaces. Two types of CRFs with the same aggregate size and distribution but different unconfined compressive strengths(UCss) due to different mixture designs indicated insignificant differences between their basic friction angles, and also their asperity inclination angles. Nevertheless, investigation between direct shear test and triaxial test showed that the specimen with higher UCs tended to have a slightly lower friction angle but a higher cohesion than the other one.

关键词： Cemented rockfill (CRF) shear tests shear strength Friction angle Cohesion Backfill interface

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The coexistence of Baird’s tapir (Tapirus bairdii) and indigenous hunters in northeastern Honduras

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第4期7卷 429-438页

作者： Marc DUNN Nereyda EsTRADA derek A.sMITH Department of Geography and Environmental studies Carleton UniversityOttawaOntarioCanada International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN)Honduras Tapir specialist Group TegucigalpaHonduras

The Baird’s tapir(Tapirus bairdii)is a popular game species throughout Central America,particularly among in-digenous populations,and is currently *** on Miskitu hunting was conducted over 4 months in a remote region in northeastern Honduras that overlaps with the Río Plátano Biosphere *** hunting zone was mapped together with hunters and interviews were conducted with elders and other community mem-bers about tapir *** show that tapir harvesting is targeted toward specific habitats at specific times of *** rates for one year suggest that tapir hunting in the area exceeds estimates of maximum sustain-able ***,field surveys reveal the presence of tapir within 1 km of the community,and its harvest tends to be nearby,in both forested and agricultural landscapes,suggesting that the animal has not been depleted in the *** appears that the existence of forest areas adjacent to the hunting zone that do not experi-ence hunting,together with the anthropogenic habitats created through shifting cultivation,are factors that help explain the presence of tapirs in the *** article concludes with a discussion regarding the potential posi-tive role of indigenous hunters in tapir conservation throughout its distribution range.

关键词： Baird’s tapir Honduras indigenous hunting Miskitu Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve

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