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Different denaturation rates between methylated and non-methylated genomic DNA can result in allele-specific PCR amplification

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Open journal of Genetics 2011年第2期1卷 13-14页

作者： David j. Bunyan Hilary M. s. Bullman Margaret Lever sasi D. saminathan Wee Teik Keng Roziana Araffin David O. robinson 不详

We analysed a DNA sample from a father and child who were both heterozygous for a 7 base pair insertion in the MEsT gene differentially-methylated promoter region, previously shown by PCR analysis of bisulphite-treated DNA to be on the methylated allele in the unaffected father and the unmethylated allele in the affected child. PCR from genomic DNA was then carried out using a commercial PCR kit with its recommended initial DNA denaturation step of 2 minutes. subsequent sequence analysis showed that only the non-methylated allele had been amplified, the father appearing to be homozygous normal and the child appearing to have a homozygous 7 b.p. insertion. The PCR protocol was then modified in order to use a longer DNA denaturation stage prior to the addition of the polymerase enzyme. Upon doing so, both the methylated and non-methylated alleles were then identifiable by sequencing with the mutation appearing in its expected heterozygous form. These results highlight the fact that the methylation status of DNA can affect the denaturation rate prior to PCR and result in allele drop-out, showing that the standard protocols of commercial kits should be used with caution when working with methylated regions of DNA.

关键词： Differential Methylation Allele-specific PCR Commercial Kit

A robust new metric of phenotypic distance to estimate and compare multiple trait differences among populations

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Current Zoology 2012年第3期58卷 426-439页

作者： Rebecca sAFRAN samuel FLAXMAN Michael KOPP Darren E. IRWIN derek BRIGGs Matthew R. EVANs W. Chris FUNK David A. GRAY Eileen A. HEBETs Nathalie sEDDON Elizabeth sCORDATO Laurel B. sYMEs j.s.ph A. TOBIAs David P. L. TOEWs j. Albert C. UY Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 U.S.A. Mathematics and B iosciences Group Faculty of Mathematics University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria Current address Evolutionary Biology and Modeling Group Faculty of Sciences Aix-Marseille University 13331 Marseille France. Department of Zoology University of British Columbia 6270 University Boulevard Vancouver BC Canada V6T 1Z4. Research ＆ Evaluation Methodology School of Education University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 U.S.A. school of Biological and Chemical sciences Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS Department of Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 U.S.A. Department of Biology California State University Northridge CA 91330 U.S.A. school of Biological sciences University of Nebraska Lincoln NE 68588 U.S.A. Edward Grey Institute Department of Zoology University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3PS UK Committee on Evolutionary Biology The University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637U.S.A. Department of Biology Dartmouth College Hanover NH 03755 U.S.A. Department of Biology University of Miami Coral Gables FL 33146 U.S.A.

Whereas a rich literature exists for estimating population genetic divergence, metrics of phenotypic trait divergence are lacking, particularly for comparing multiple traits among three or more populations. Here, we review and analyze via simula- tion Hedges＇ g, a widely used parametric estimate of effect size. Our analyses indicate that g is sensitive to a combination of unequal trait variances and unequal sample sizes among populations and to changes in the scale of measurement. We then go on to derive and explain a new, non-parametric distance measure, ＇Aft＇, which is caiculated based upon a joint cumulative distribution function （CDF） from all populations under study. More precisely, distances are measured in terms of the percentiles in this CDF at which each population＇s median lies. Ap combines many desirable features of other distance metrics into a single metric; namely, compared to other metrics, p is relatively insensitive to unequal variances and sample sizes among the populations sam- pied. Furthermore, a key feature of Ap--and our main motivation for developing it--is that it easily accommodates simultaneous comparisons of any number of traits across any number of populations. To exemplify its utility, we employ Ap to address a ques- tion related to the role of sexual selection in speciation： are sexual signals more divergent than ecological traits in closely related taxa？ Using traits of known function in closely related populations, we show that traits predictive of reproductive performance are indeed, more divergent and more sexually dimorphic than traits related to ecological adaptation [Current Zoology 58 （3）： 426-439 2012].

关键词： Effect size Phenotype divergence sexual dimorphism sexual selection speciation

应用数码表皮荧光显微镜帮助确定恶性雀斑样痣的边缘

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第2期1卷 3-4页

作者： robinson j.K. 刘超 Division ofDermatology Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center Loyola Univ. Stritch Sch. of Med. 2160 S First Ave Maywood IL 60153 United States Dr.

Objective: To compare identification of the border of lentigo maligna (LM) with digital epiluminescence microscopy (DELM) with clinical and Wood light assessment. Design: The borders of lesions identified clinically with the Wood light, with DELM, and after excision by Mohs micrographic surgery were traced onto plastic sheets. The borders defined on the tracings were compared for congruence and mean surface area. setting: Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center for skin Cancer, Loyola University Health system, Maywood, Ill. Patients: Twenty-six consecutive patients with LM of the head and neck. Main Outcome Measures: Results of the comparison of the outlines of the borders and the mean surface area identified by the 4 methods. Results: The border determined by clinical examinationwas smaller than that determinedwith the Wood lamp or by DELM. Most lesions underwent an additional excision 5 mm beyond the DELM-defined border. The DELM pattern of LM with asymmetric follicular openings and dark brown rhomboidal structures changed at the periphery and became a pigmented thin mesh that was associated with the histopathological features of melanoma in situ. More homogeneous pigmented areas extending from the LM were associated with the pathologic features of melanocytic hyperplasia. Conclusions: Visualization of LM by DELM (dermoscopy) helps to guide resection. Because LM arises in sun-damaged skin with melanocytic hyperplasia, determining the tumor-free margin requires the judgment of an experienced physician.

关键词：恶性雀斑样痣荧光显微镜伍德光黑色素瘤外科切除黑色素细胞色素性过度增生癌症中心切除范围

维普期刊数据库

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海景油画技法

海景油画技法

Control of Glyphosate-Resistant Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) with Isoxaflutole and Metribuzin Tankmix

1985年

作者：（美）鲁滨逊（robinson j.）吕双明译

来源：汇雅图书（南通市图书馆... 评论

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American journal of Plant sciences 2016年第6期7卷 916-927页

作者： scott Ditschun Nader soltani Darren E. robinson François j. Tardif Allan C. Kaastra Peter H. sikkema Department of Plant Agriculture University of Guelph Guelph Canada University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus Ridgetown Canada Bayer Crop science Canada Guelph Canada

Five field trials were conducted over a two-year period (2013, 2014) to determine the control of glyphosate-resistant (GR) giant ragweed with isoxaflutole (IFT) and metribuzin (MTZ) applied alone and in combination. Treatments were designed to assess the dose response of an IFT plus MTZ tank-mix as well as each chemical applied alone to classify the response using Flint’s adaptation of Colby’s equation. Two factor factorial experiments were performed in the growth room to ascertain the response of IFT versus glyphosate, IFT versus MTZ, and IFT plus MTZ versus glyphosate on single plants. Field experiments evaluated the control of GR giant ragweed with IFT plus MTZ in tank-mix in a 1:4 ratio. The rate of IFT plus MTZ for 80% control of GR giant ragweed at 4 and 8 weeks after application (WAA) was 518 (104 g a.i. hasup>-1sup> IFT + 414 g a.i. hasup>-1sup> MTZ) and 631 g a.i. hasup>-1sup> (126 g a.i. hasup>-1sup> IFT + 505 g a.i. hasup>-1sup> MTZ), respectively. A rate of 668 and 467 g a.i. hasup>-1sup> was required to reduce GR giant ragweed density and biomass by 80%, respectively. Field experiments evaluating the control of GR giant ragweed with tank-mixes of IFT plus MTZ, where glyphosate was a constant tank-mix partner, were mostly synergistic. However, the low tank-mix rate (52.5 + 210 g a.i. hasup>-1sup>) had an additive response for GR giant ragweed biomass reduction. When tested in the greenhouse and growth room, glyphosate susceptible (Gs) giant ragweed showed some antagonism with glyphosate and isoxaflutole tank-mixes at rates less than commercial field rates. GR giant ragweed showed an additive response across all treatments in the growth room. Greenhouse experiments evaluating IFT versus MTZ and IFT plus MTZ versus glyphosate revealed all tank-mix treatments to be synergistic at 2 WAA.

关键词： Additive Antagonistic Giant Ragweed Glyphosate Herbicide Resistance soybean synergistic Yield

search for two-neutrino double-beta decay of^(136)Xe to the 0^(+)_(1)excited state of 136Ba with the complete EXO-200 dataset

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Chinese Physics C 2023年第10期47卷 1-9页

作者： s.Al Kharusi G.Anton I.Badhrees P.s.Barbeau D.Beck V.Belov T.Bhatta M.Breidenbach T.Brunner G.F.Cao W.R.Cen C.Chambers B.Cleveland M.Coon A.Craycraft T.Daniels L.Darroch s.j.Daugherty j.Davis s.Delaquis A.Der Mesrobian-Kabakian R.DeVoe j.Dilling A.Dolgolenko M.j.Dolinski j.Echevers W.Fairbank jr. D.Fairbank j.Farine s.Feyzbakhsh P.Fierlinger Y.s.Fu D.Fudenberg P.Gautam R.Gornea G.Gratta C.Hall E.V.Hansen j.Hoessl P.Hufschmidt M.Hughes A.Iverson A.jamil C.j.s.iman M.j.jewell A.johnson A.Karelin L.j.Kaufman T.Koffas R.Krücken A.Kuchenkov K.s.Kumar Y.Lan A.Larson B.G.Lenardo D.s.Leonard G.s.Li s.Li Z.Li C.Licciardi Y.H.Lin R.MacLellan T.McElroy T.Michel B.Mong D.C.Moore K.Murray O.Njoya O.Nusair A.Odian I.Ostrovskiy A.Perna A.Piepke A.Pocar F.Retière A.L.robinson P.C.Rowson j.Runge s.schmidt D.sinclair K.skarpaas A.K.soma V.stekhanov M.Tarka s.Thibado j.Todd T.Tolba T.I.Totev R.Tsang B.Veenstra V.Veeraraghavan P.Vogel j.-L.Vuilleumier M.Wagenpfeil j.Watkins M.Weber L.j.Wen U.Wichoski G.Wrede s.X.Wu Q.Xia D.R.Yahne L.Yang Y.-R.Yen O.Ya.Zeldovich T.Ziegler 无 Physics Department McGill UniversityMontrealQuebec H3A 2T8Canada Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics(ECAP) Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-NürnbergErlangen 91058Germany Physics Department Carleton UniversityOttawaOntario K1S 5B6Canada Department of Physics Duke Universityand Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory(TUNL)DurhamNorth Carolina 27708USA Physics Department University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignIllinois 61801USA Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics named by A.I.Alikhanov of National Research Centre“Kurchatov Institute” Moscow 117218Russia Department of Physics University of South DakotaVermillionSouth Dakota 57069USA sLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCalifornia 94025USA TRIUMF VancouverBritish Columbia V6T 2A3Canada Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing 100049China Department of Physics Laurentian UniversitySudburyOntario P3E 2C6Canada Physics Department Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsColorado 80523USA Department of Physics and Physical Oceanography University of North Carolina at WilmingtonWilmingtonNC 28403USA Physics Department and CEEM Indiana UniversityBloomingtonIndiana 47405USA Physics Department Stanford UniversityStanfordCalifornia 94305USA Department of Physics Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvania 19104USA Amherst Center for Fundamental Interactions and Physics Department University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA Technische Universität München Physikdepartment and Excellence Cluster UniverseGarching 80805Germany Physics Department University of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAlabama 35487USA Wright Laboratory Department of PhysicsYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticut 06511USA IBs Center for Underground Physics Daejeon 34126Korea Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook UniversitySUNYStony BrookNew York 11794USA Kellogg Lab CaltechPasadenaCalifornia 91125USA LHEP Albert Einstein CenterUniversi

A new search for two-neutrino double-beta(2νββ)decay of^(136)Xe to the 0+1 excited state of 136Ba is performed with the full EXO-200 dataset.A deep learning-based convolutional neural network is used to discriminate signal from background *** detection efficiency is increased relative to previous searches by EXO-200 by more than a factor of *** the addition of the Phase II dataset taken with an upgraded detector,the median 90%confidence level half-life sensitivity of 2νββdecay to the 0+1 state of 136Ba is 2.9×10^(24)yr using a total^(136)Xe exposure of 234.1 kg *** statistically significant evidence for 2νββdecay to the 0^(+)_(1)state is observed,leading to a lower limit of T2ν1/2(0^(+)→0^(+)_(1))>1.4×10^(24)yr at 90%confidence level,improved by 70%relative to the current world's best constraint.

关键词： EXO-200 experiment neutrinoless double beta decay excited state

PROCEssEs OF EPHEMERAL GULLY EROsION

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International journal of sediment Research 2000年第1期15卷 31-41页

作者： javier Casali(Department of Projects and Rural Engineering, Public University of Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Navarra, spain) seaN j. Bennett(National sedimentation Laboratory, UsDA-ARs, P.O. Box 1157, Oxford, Ms 38655, UsA)Kerry M. robinson(Plant science and

The formation of ephemeral gullies can significantly increase soil loss from agricultural lands and severely impact farm productivity. Erosion prediction technology and conservation management techniques would be greatly improved if the contribution from ephemeral gullies could be more accurately quantified. Field research in Mississippi, U.s.A. and spain has revealed three categories of ephemeral gullies. Classic ephemeral gullies formed by concentrated flow erosion from runoff occurring within the same field. Drainage ephemeral gullies formed by concentrated flow erosion from runoff originating from areas upstream of where the gully occurs. Discontinuity ephemeral gullies formed in areas where management practices have created a sudden change in slope, such as field boundaries adjacent to *** the large differences in climate, watershed size, hydrology, and geography, the ephemeral gullies observed in spain were morphologically similar to those in Mississippi. Using an experimental flume,ephemeral gully erosion proceeded primarily through bed incision, gully widening, and bank steepening,and total sediment load depended upon whether the flow was detachment- or transport-limited.

关键词： Ephemeral gully soil loss Erosion prediction technology, Conservation management Bed incisions, Total sediment load

透水性路面砖路面可实现水的循环利用——初期成效及远景

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建筑砌块与砌块建筑 2008年第5期 20-20,22-25页

作者： s. j. Coupe A.P. Newman j.W. Davis K. robinson 陈义荣（译） Coventry大学工程与计算系 Coventry英国 Formpave有限公司 Caloucester英国不详

透水性路面砖路面可作为贮存中水的设施,以降低自来水的需求压力。屋面汇集的雨水可贮存在路面下,并可用作低品质要求的家庭供水的来源,如浇灌花园及冲洗厕所。由于地下水在夏季或干旱地区可能供不应求,因此,地下水的蒸发量对保证有足... 详细信息

透水性路面砖路面可作为贮存中水的设施,以降低自来水的需求压力。屋面汇集的雨水可贮存在路面下,并可用作低品质要求的家庭供水的来源,如浇灌花园及冲洗厕所。由于地下水在夏季或干旱地区可能供不应求,因此,地下水的蒸发量对保证有足够的供应量产生巨大影响。为此,进行了一系列旨在控制地下水水分蒸发的试验。试验中,水被贮存于各种不同路面砖路面体系内.包括采用或不采用土工布,或是采用各种不同类型土工布的路面结构。试验发现,一种双层土工布(其中一层具有透水性、并可减少污染物下渗,而另一层则能控制水分蒸发)在减少水分蒸发量方面,比不用土工布或仅用一层隔断油污的土工布都要好。在现场还进行了另一种类似的试验,不过路面贮存的水量因下雨而不断补充加入,从而使整个试验体系中始终充满水,试验结果同样表明,双层土工布在防止水分蒸发方面性能最佳。本文力图通过试验结果求得路面贮存水量的理论值,以便正确地确定需要多大的贮存空间;此外,在选用新型土工布时,测定其渗滤率及水质状况也是非常重要的。

关键词：透水性混凝土路面砖路面结构土工布水循环利用水质

维普期刊数据库

Early Postemergence Herbicide Tank-Mixtures for Control of Waterhemp Resistant to Four Herbicide Modes of Action in Corn

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Agricultural sciences 2021年第4期12卷 354-369页

作者： Christian Willemse Nader soltani Lauren Benoit Amit j. jhala David C. Hooker Darren E. robinson Peter H. sikkema Department of Plant Agriculture University of Guelph Ridgetown Canada Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

Multiple-herbicide-resistant (MHR) waterhemp has been confirmed and is difficult to control for growers in Ontario, Canada and in the Midwestern United states. The objective of this study was to evaluate early post-emergence (EPOsT) herbicides for control of MHR waterhemp in field corn. Five field trials were conducted over a two-year period (2019, 2020) at sites on Walpole Island, ON and near Cottam, ON, Canada. Thirteen herbicide tank-mixtures containing multiple modes-of-action (MOA) were applied EPOsT to 5 cm MHR waterhemp in field corn. Control of MHR waterhemp varied by site due to variable plant density, plant biomass, and number of herbicide-resistant individuals across research sites and years. Control of MHR waterhemp ranged from 90% to 100% with glyphosate + s-metolachlor/mesotrione/ bicyclopyrone/atrazine, glyphosate/2,4-D choline + rimsulfuron + mesotrione + atrazine, glyphosate + s-metolachlor/atrazine/mesotrione, glyphosate + mesotrione + atrazine, glyphosate/s-metolachlor/mesotrione + atrazine, glyphosate + s-metolachlor/mesotrione/bicyclopyrone, glyphosate/2,4-D choline + rimsulfuron + mesotrione, and glyphosate + pyroxasulfone + dicamba/atrazine at 4, 8, and 12 WAA. Control of MHR waterhemp ranged from 70% to 100% with glyphosate + topramezone/dimethenamid-P + dicamba/atrazine, glyphosate + isoxaflutole + atrazine, and glyphosate + tolpyralate + atrazine at 4, 8, and 12 WAA. Control of MHR waterhemp was similar for all herbicide programs, except glyphosate + dicamba/atrazine and glyphosate + s-metolachlor/atrazine which resulted in the lowest control at three of five sites that ranged from 63% to 89% and 61% to 76%, respectively. Crop injury was ≤10% for herbicide programs tested, except 28% to 31% corn injury with glyphosate/2,4-D choline + rimsulfuron + mesotrione + atrazine;however, without effect on corn grain yield. Corn yield was comparable with all herbicide programs evaluated in this study. It is concluded that there are herbicide programs

关键词： Density Biomass Residual Weed Control Weed Management