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黑潮环流的数值模拟

海洋学报 2003年第3期25卷 120-128页

作者：张蕴斐张占海吴辉碇黄嘉佑北京大学物理学院大气科学系北京100871 国家海洋环境预报中心北京100081

1 引言黑潮是太平洋一支强的西边界流,具有高温、高盐、流幅窄、流速高、流量大的特征,主要来源于北赤道洋流,把大量热量从低纬输送到高纬,它的季节和年际变化都会对气候产生重大影响,对我国近海的温盐分布及环流的影响起到至关重要的... 详细信息

1 引言黑潮是太平洋一支强的西边界流,具有高温、高盐、流幅窄、流速高、流量大的特征,主要来源于北赤道洋流,把大量热量从低纬输送到高纬,它的季节和年际变化都会对气候产生重大影响,对我国近海的温盐分布及环流的影响起到至关重要的作用。

关键词：黑潮环流数值模拟等密度面模式太平洋

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EQUATORIAL EASTERN PACIFIC SST AND SUBTROPICAL HIGH

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1984年第4期 471-476页

作者：臧恒范王绍武

The variations of sea surface temperature (SST) on the east Pacific asd their relation to general atmospheric circulation are examined according to the data of the monthly mean SST and the 500mb level height for the p... 详细信息

关键词： SST EQUATORIAL EASTERN PACIFIC SST AND SUBTROPICAL HIGH

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海冰—海温反馈系统的季节性动力气候模式

热带气象 1988年第1期 7-15页

作者：李翠华施永年南京大学大气科学系广东省热带海洋气象研究所

本文在全海洋地球的假定下,建立了一个包括太阳辐射、海面温度等季节变化的理想动力气候模式。模拟结果指出:平衡态及其对外参数敏感性的季节变化很大,而且都是夏季比其它季节大得多;四个季节敏感性的平均值也比年平均模式的敏感性大,... 详细信息

本文在全海洋地球的假定下,建立了一个包括太阳辐射、海面温度等季节变化的理想动力气候模式。模拟结果指出:平衡态及其对外参数敏感性的季节变化很大,而且都是夏季比其它季节大得多;四个季节敏感性的平均值也比年平均模式的敏感性大,这可能主要是太阳辐射季节变化引起的。另外,当太阳常数或二氧化碳浓度减小至一定值时,会出现分岔,若继续减小到分岔点以下,则会发生气候灾变—“深冻”。分岔点上外参数的值在夏季要比其它三个季节大得多。以上结果表明物理过程的季节变化在长期气候变化的研究中是不可忽视的。

关键词：平衡态平衡状态(热力学) 敏感性外参数海冰水文要素气候模式太阳常数二氧化碳浓度季节变化季节性变化周期变化太阳辐射日射热辐射气候系统季节性海温水温反馈系统

A long-term record of land use change impacts on sediments in Oualidia lagoon,Morocco

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2014年第1期29卷 1-10页

作者： Mehdi MAANAN Ana carolina RUIZ-FERNNDEZ Mohamed MAANAN Paul FATTAL Bendahhou ZOURARAH Mohamed SAHABI Géolittomer UMR 6554 LETG Université de Nantes marine Geosciences Laboratory URAC 45Earth Sciences departmentFaculty of Sciences Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.Instituto de Ciencias del Mary Limnología

An integrated approach,involving land use patterns and heavy metal contents of the surficial and cored sediment,was proposed to detect the characteristic spatial and temporal scale of point and non-point source human disturbances on the Oualidia lagoon in *** and description of the temporal and spatial distributions of the main contamination sources of heavy metals are analyzed using statistics and GIS *** results show that surficial sediments are highly enriched in heavy metals compared to their preindustrial background ***-use types affected lagoon sediment pollution in different ways:1) agricultural areas had the highest potential for sediment contamination by heavy metals,particularly Pb,Cu and Hg,2. Ni and Cr are the main pollutants originating from urban sewage and 3) oyster farming and traditional land uses such as salt flats,pastures showed low levels of others *** enrichment factors(normalized by Al) obtained from the sediment cores indicated that the lagoon is(strongly/moderately) polluted by all metals which were attributed to agricultural activities and wastewater discharges from urbanized areas.

关键词： Land use change(LUC) Geographical information systems(GIS) Sediment pollution Risk assessment

Atacama Field Campaign: laboratory and in-situ measurements for remote sensing applications

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International Journal of Digital earth 2019年第1期12卷 43-61页

作者： Cristian Mattar Andrés Santamaría-Artigas Flavio Ponzoni Cibele T.Pinto carolina Barrientos Glynn Hulley Laboratory for Analysis of the Biosphere(LAB) University of ChileSantiagoChile department of Geographical sciences University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA Divisão de Sensoriamento Remoto(DSR) Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais(INPE)São PauloBrasil Aerial Photogrammetric Service(SAF) Chilean Air ForceSantiagoChile Jet Propulsion Laboratory(JPL) California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA

This work presents the preliminary results of the first field calibration campaign performed in the Atacama Desert,Chile,between the 18 and 2. August 2.14,called the Atacama Field Campaign(ATAFIC 2.14).In situ measurements were performed in order to spectrally characterize the surface reflectance spectra between 0.3 and 2.5μm,radiometric temperature(8.0–14.0μm)and atmospheric measurements.A soil sample was collected and analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction techniques to characterize the surface reflectance spectra and mineralogical composition,*** land surface emissivity in addition to GOES,MODIS and Landsat-8 land surface temperature(LST)were also *** showed that the spectral features of the Atacama soil and the characteristics of this geographical zone,which is featured as the most hyper-arid and cloudless place in the world,make this area a potential target for surface reflectance *** and night LST comparison between field and remote sensing data are lower than 2.K and the Root Mean Square Error for land surface emissivity is close to 2..This work opens the possibilities to consider the Atacama Desert as a reference target for calibration and validation activities for earth observation missions’purposes.

关键词： Atacama spectroradiometry emissivity temperature surface reflectance

Characters of the P_(CO)_2.and CO_2.Flux in the East China Sea in Autumn

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2003年第2期21卷 180-186页

作者：纪雷崔鹤辛淑平王军张龙军陆贤昆 marine Chemistry department Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China Qingdao Institute of Chemical Technology Qingdao 266042 China

P CO 2.of air and seawater samples from the East China Sea (ECS) were measured in situ in autumn, 1994. Ocean currents, terrestrial fluviation, biological activities, etc.,P CO 2.characters in air and seawater were investigated. CO 2.flux and its character in the East China Sea are discussed on the basis of theP CO 2.profiles of air and seawater. It was clear that the nearshore was the source of CO 2. and that the outer sea area was the sink of CO 2. and that the shelf area of the ECS is a net sink for atmospheric CO 2.in autumn.

关键词： carbon dioxide,P CO 2 carbon flux air-sea interactions JGOFS East China Sea (ECS)

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Mineralogical signatures and sources of recent sediment in a large tropical lake

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2018年第2期33卷 183-190页

作者： Jorge Feliciano Ontiveros-Cuadras Ana carolina Ruiz-Fernández Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza Libia Hascibe Pérez-Bernal Michel Preda Federico Páez-Osuna Polytechnic university of Sinaloa (UPSIN) Mazatlan Academic Unit Institute of Marine Sciences and LimnologyNational Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) Oceanic and Coastal Processes Academic Unit Institute of Marine Sciences and LimnologyNational Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM).University City department of earth and atmospheric sciences University of Quebec in Montreal (UQAM)

Two lead-2.0(2.0Pb) dated sediment cores from Chapala Lake were studied to identify the mineral composition of the sediments and to discuss its relation with trace metals. Minerals and trace metals reflected the domain of volcanic rocks(i.e. basalts, rhyolite and andesite) that characterize Chapala Lake and the Lerma River watershed. Redundancy analyses(RDA) were used to identify the sedimentary variables(magnetic susceptibility, organic matter, sand content, and mineral composition) that could be related to elemental composition. Despite the distance between the two cores(7.3 km) and hydrodynamic circulation the RDA showed that the main mechanism that controls the input of mineral species,and, therefore, element distributions in the lacustrine sediment of Chapala Lake, is related to the weathering of volcanic rocks in the Lerma-Chapala watershed, the consequent runoff and transport of fine grained catchment materials, and later in-lake processes. These findings highlight the importance of controlling watershed erosion to contribute to the improvement of the environmental quality of the lake.

关键词： Chapala Lake Trace metals Mineralogy Lacustrine sediments

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卫星气象的现状及展望

气象 1987年第5期 3-8页

作者：赵柏林北京大学地球物理系

本文讨论了气象卫星遥感技术的现状及展望,以及在未来十几年内气象卫星可能提供遥感信息的前景。由于卫星技术的发展以及信息处理能力的提高,遥感信息将会对于气象及有关学科的发展有所推动,本文预期了它对于天气预报、气候与长期预报... 详细信息

本文讨论了气象卫星遥感技术的现状及展望,以及在未来十几年内气象卫星可能提供遥感信息的前景。由于卫星技术的发展以及信息处理能力的提高,遥感信息将会对于气象及有关学科的发展有所推动,本文预期了它对于天气预报、气候与长期预报、大气探测(包括云雨)、大气污染、海洋环境及陆地冰雪研究的促进效果。气象卫星遥感提供了地球环境综合性研究的可能性,本文也讨论了这样一个发展趋势。最后,概述了我国卫星气象事业的发展概况。

关键词：卫星气象事业大气臭氧辐射器卫星遥感航天遥感对流层对流圈低层大气气象

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海上风的边界层模式

海洋学报(中文版) 1979年第1期 39-51页

作者：吴辉碇杨春成季晓阳北京大学地球物理系国家海洋局海洋水文气象予总报台

由于航海、海上开发作业等对海洋上风和海浪的预报提出越来越高的要求,而海浪、风暴潮等海洋水文要素的数值计算和预报,迫切需要解决海洋上风场的精确计算。但是,复杂的海面结构,大气稳定度的影响以及风、浪之间动量的交换等,使海上风... 详细信息

由于航海、海上开发作业等对海洋上风和海浪的预报提出越来越高的要求,而海浪、风暴潮等海洋水文要素的数值计算和预报,迫切需要解决海洋上风场的精确计算。但是,复杂的海面结构,大气稳定度的影响以及风、浪之间动量的交换等,使海上风的理论计算遇到很多困难,至今大部分工作是依靠统计方法。利用天气预报的形势场计算地转风或梯度风,以及它与海面摩擦、大气稳定度的经验订正关系。例如,松本·山下(1968),松本(1971),堀口(1975)等提出各种参数组合的经验公式。由其相关图上可以看到点的

关键词：边界层模式奥布霍夫莫宁最大风速地转风