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The anatomic determinants of conductive hearing loss secondary to tympanic membrane perforation

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Journal of Otology 2017年第3期12卷 125-131页

作者： David J.carpenter Debara l.Tucci David M.Kaylie dennis O.Frank-Ito Division of Head and Neck Surgery & communication Sciences Department of Surgery Duke University Medical Center Durham NC USA computational Biology & Bioinformatics PhD Program Duke University Durham NC USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University Durham NC USA

Objectives: Recent studies have introduced middle ear volume(MEV) as a novel determinant of perforation-induced conductive hearing loss(cHl) in a mechanism driven by trans-tympanic membrane pressure differences. The primary aims of this preliminary report are to: 1) correlate cHl with perforation size; 2) describe the relationship between cHl and MEV; and 3) compare cHl across a range of cholesteatoma ***: A retrospective pilot study was performed in 31 subjects with audiometry indicative of conductive hearing loss, temporal bone cT scans,and no prior middle ear surgery. Perforation size and MEV were analyzed with respect to cHl in a cohort of 10 perforated ears with no cholesteatoma. cHls were compared in 3 groups defined by extent of cholesteatoma ***: Ears with large and small perforations showed mean ABG values of 32.0 ± 15.7 dB and 16.0 ± 16.4 dB, respectively. A direct relationship was observed between MEV and cHl for ears with large perforations across all frequencies, whereas this relationship for small perforations was frequency-dependent. Finally, a statistically significant increase in cHl was found across ears with increasing cholesteatoma involvement at 1000 Hz(X^2(2) = 9.786, p = 0.008),2000 Hz(x^2(2) = 8.455, p = 0.015),and 4000 Hz(x^2(2)= 8.253, p = 0.016).conclusions: These pilot data suggest that greater perforation-induced conductive hearing losses may be associated with larger perforation sizes and cholesteatoma. The correlation between MEV and cHl may require additional study.

关键词： Perforation-induced hearing loss conductive hearing loss Middle ear volume Three-dimensional volume reconstruction

Disagreement in middle ear volume estimation between tympanometry and three-dimensional volume reconstruction in the context of tympanic membrane perforation

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Journal of Otology 2017年第2期12卷 74-79页

作者： David J.carpenter Debara l.Tucci David M.Kaylie dennis O.Frank-Ito Division of Head and Neck Surgery&communication Sciences Department of SurgeryDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA computational Biology&Bioinformatics PhD Program Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA

Introduction: Middle ear volume(MEV) is a clinically relevant parameter across middle ear diseases. MEV values between these techniques have never before been tested for agreement in ears with perforated tympanic membranes(TMs).Methods: Middle ears were identified from 36 patients ranging 18-89 years of age with TM perforations who underwent tympanometry and temporal bone computed tomography(cT) between 2005 and 2015. MEVs calculated by both tympanometry and three-dimensional volume reconstruction(3DVR) were analyzed for agreement using Bland Altman plots. The differences between tympanometric and 3DVR MEV values for each given middle ear were characterized across MEV quartiles(1= smallest; 4= largest) and across increasing states of middle ear disease using Kruskale Wallis and Wilcoxon testing with Bonferroni ***: Bland Altman plots demonstrated significant disagreement between MEV measurement techniques. Differences between tympanometric(T) and 3DVR MEV values were significantly greater with increasing average(i.e.(Tt3DVR)/2)) MEV per linear regression(p cance was demonstrated between fourth and first average MEV quartiles(p= 0.0024), fourth and second quartiles(p= 0.0024), third and first quartiles(p= 0.0048), and third and second quartiles(p= 0.048). Absolute MEV difference was not significantly different across varying states of middle ear disease(p= 0.44).conclusion: Statistically and clinically significant disagreement was demonstrated between tympanometric and 3DVR MEV values. Studies that vary in MEV estimation techniques may be expected to demonstrate significantly different results. These preliminary results suggest that clinicians should endeavor to seek further confirmation when interpreting high tympanometric MEV values.

关键词： Middle ear volume Tympanometry Three-dimensional volume reconstruction Tympanic membrane perforation

Degradation study on tin- and bismuth-based gas-diffusion electrodes during electrochemical cO_(2) reduction in highly alkaline media

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 367-376,I0008页

作者： Fabian Bienen Armin lowe Joachim Hildebrand Sebastian Hertle Dana Schonvogel dennis Kopljar Norbert Wagner Elias Klemm Kaspar Andreas Friedrich Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics German Aerospace CenterPfaffenwaldring 38-4070569 StuttgartGermany Institute of Building Energetics Thermal Engineering and Energy StorageUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 3170569 StuttgartGermany Institute of Technical chemistry University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569 StuttgartGermany Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics German Aerospace CenterCarl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 1526129 OldenburgGermany

This work investigated the degradation of tin – based gas-diffusion electrodes (GDE) and also a promising Bi2O3 GDE in electrochemical cO_(2) reduction in highly alkaline media which has not been studied before. The contributions of the electrode wetting (or flooding, if excessively) and catalyst leaching on the degradation were analyzed. Therefore, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to monitor the wetted surface area of the GDE in combination with post-mortem analysis of the penetration depth by visualizing the electrolyte’s cation in the GDE cross-section. Furthermore, to reveal a possible degradation of the electrocatalyst, its distribution was mapped in the GDEs cross-section after operation while the catholyte was additionally analyzed via IcP-MS. The results clearly demonstrate that the SnO_(2) catalyst dissolves in the reaction zone inside the GDE and might be partially redeposited near the GDEs surface. Since the redeposition process occurs only partially a steady loss of catalyst was observed impeding a clear distinction of the two degradation phenomena. Nevertheless, the deterioration of the electrode performance measured as faraday efficiency (FE) of the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) qualitatively correlates with the differential double layer capacitance (cdl). A significant difference of the rate of increase for the hydrogen FE and cdl can be ascribed to the superposition of both above-mentioned degradation mechanisms. The demonstrated instability of SnO_(2) contrasts with the behavior of Bi2O3 GDE which is stabilized during cO_(2) conversion by redeposition of the diluted dissolved species as metallic Bi which is active for the cO_(2) reduction reaction.

关键词： Electrochemical cO_(2)reduction Heterogeneous catalysis Gas-diffusion electrode Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy catalyst leaching

A Journey towards collaborative culture Development:How to Be Weightless Despite Academic Gravity

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Frontiers of Education in china 2021年第1期16卷 79-112页

作者： FUNG dennis lIANG Weijun(Tim) Faculty of Education The University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China

In science,gravity refers to the universal force of attraction acting on and between all *** one on earth can escape the force of *** a similar vein,the stringent requirements of publications,research grants,and research output in the academic world can be metaphorically described as“academic gravity,”the force of which pushes university academics to struggle and strive in pursuit of excellence just to survive in the changing landscape of higher education governed by neo-liberalism and *** article describes the journey of a junior academic staff member in an Asian university as he coped with various difficulties in establishing a collaborative culture in his department(i.e.,the Faculty of Education).Working with a senior colleague(Sunshine-mother hereafter)in the same department,Author 1 began to recognize the importance of collegial collaboration in teacher education generally and in his academic life ***,although he tried his utmost to develop a culture of collaboration amongst his colleagues,he struggled to cope with the tension and stress exerted by academic gravity(i.e.,publication production and the pursuit of tenure).Drawing on data collected from a teaching development project and adopting a reflective autobiographic approach,this article delineates the collaborative relationship between Author 1 and Sunshine-mother,exemplifying the important roles that coaching and a free rein(i.e.,weightlessness)play in the development of junior teacher-educators under the strong pressure of academic gravity.

关键词： academic gravity collaborative culture independence teacher education weightlessness

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皮肤及软组织感染治疗进展

英国医学杂志中文版 2017年第3期20卷 162-173页

作者： sarah l Mcclain dennis l Stevens 王琪吴晓初 Bolse Veterans Affairs Medical center 500 W Fort St Boise ID 83702 USA University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle WA 98195 USA 南京医科大学附属无锡市第二人民医院皮肤科中华皮肤科杂志编辑部

门诊与住院患者中，皮肤及软组织感染是最常见的感染性疾病。由于细菌对抗生素的耐药逐渐增多，抗生素经验性治疗越来越困难。此外，最新的皮肤及软组织感染指南由美国传染病学会于2014年发表，距今已有2年。目前治疗皮肤及软组织感染... 详细信息

门诊与住院患者中，皮肤及软组织感染是最常见的感染性疾病。由于细菌对抗生素的耐药逐渐增多，抗生素经验性治疗越来越困难。此外，最新的皮肤及软组织感染指南由美国传染病学会于2014年发表，距今已有2年。目前治疗皮肤及软组织感染性疾病已有新型抗生素可供使用，而更多的药物仍在研发中。该综述总结了那些新的或仍在完善的，以及有老药新用潜能的抗生素的治疗证据。该文探讨了这些治疗方法的临床疗效。

关键词：软组织管理医疗感染皮肤

Amending a tropical Arenosol:increasing shares of biochar and clay improve the nutrient sorption capacity

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 936-958页

作者： christine Beusch dennis Melzer Arne cierjacks Martin Kaupenjohann Institute of Ecology Chair of Soil ScienceTechnische Universität BerlinErnst-Reuter-Platz 110587 BerlinGermany Institute of Agricultural and Urban Ecological Projects(IASP) Affiliated to Berlin Humboldt UniversityPhilippstraße 13Haus 1610115 BerlinGermany Institute of Ecology Chair of Ecosystem Science/Plant EcologyTechnische Universität BerlinRothenburgstr.1212165 BerlinGermany Department of landscape Development/Vegetation Technology University of Applied Sciences DresdenPillnitzer Platz 201326 DresdenGermany

Tropical Arenosols may be challenging for agricultural use,particularly in semi-arid *** aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the addition of increasing shares of biochar and clay on the nutrient sorption capacity of a tropical *** batch equilibrium experiments,the sorption of ammonium-N(NH_(4)^(+)-N),nitrate-N(NO_(3)^(−)-N),potassium(K^(+)),and phosphate-P(PO_(4)^(3−)-P)was quantified for mixtures of an Arenosol with increasing shares of biochar and clay(1%,2.5%,5%,10%,100%)and the unmixed Arenosol,biochar,and *** mid-temperature biochar was produced from Prosopis juliflora feedstock;the clayey material was taken from the sedimentary parent material of a temporarily dry *** the Arenosol-biochar mixture with 10%biochar addition and the biochar increased the NH_(4)^(+)-N maximum sorption capacity(q_(max))of the Arenosol,by 34%and 130%,*** q_(max)of PO_(4)^(3−)-P slightly increased with ascending biochar shares(1-10%)by 14%,30%,26%,and 42%,whereas the undiluted biochar released PO_(4)^(3−)-*** addition slightly reduced NO_(3)^(−)-N release from the Arenosol but strongly induced K^(+)*** the other hand,clay addition of 10%and clay itself augmented q_(max)of NH_(4)^(+)-N by 30%and 162%;ascending clay rates(1-100%)increased q_(max)for PO_(4)^(3−)-P by 78%,130%,180%,268%,and 712%.clay rates above 5%improved K^(+)sorption;however,no q_(max)values could be *** of NO_(3)^(−)-N remained unaffected by clay ***,clay addition proved to enhance the nutrient sorption capacity of the Arenosol more effectively than biochar;nonetheless,both materials may be promising amendments to meliorate sandy soils for agricultural use in the semi-arid tropics.

关键词： coarse-textured soils Biochar clay Batch equilibrium experiment Sorption isotherms

Evaluation of ERA5 Temperature and Precipitation Dataset over Fujian Province of china

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Evaluation of ERA5 Temperature and Precipitation Dataset ove...

作者： AMANDU dennis 福建师范大学

学位级别：硕士

尽管过去20年来,再分析数据已在世界范围内得到广泛应用,但EcMWF生产的最新一代再分析资料ERA5尚未在局地尺度上进行评估。再分析资料可以有效提高全球气候模式温度和降水的可靠性。本研究采用福建省22个气象站的月气温(月最高气温、月... 详细信息

尽管过去20年来,再分析数据已在世界范围内得到广泛应用,但EcMWF生产的最新一代再分析资料ERA5尚未在局地尺度上进行评估。再分析资料可以有效提高全球气候模式温度和降水的可靠性。本研究采用福建省22个气象站的月气温(月最高气温、月最低气温和月平均气温)和月总降水量数据,评估了1979-2019年ERA5月气温和月降水数据的可靠性。结果表明,ERA5能够较好的捕捉福建省气温和降水的时间趋势。观测值与ERA5之间的气温相关系数范围为0.996至0.999。所有台站的RMSE范围在0.36℃至5.49℃之间,平均值为1.08℃。ERA5月最低气温、月最高气温和月平均气温与观测值的相关性为0.87～0.89。所有台站年降水的相关系数为0.6至0.81,平均为0.7,表明ERA5的年降水模拟较好。最大的降水RMSE出现在浦城站,为625.59mm,误差范围为-138.8mm至529.4mm,年降水平均值为148.2mm。ERA5数据的误差来源主要是ERA5网格点与观测站的海拔高度差异。

关键词：再分析资料气温降水偏差福建省

Inverse-designed spinodoid metamaterials

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npj computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 1029-1038页

作者： Siddhant Kumar Stephanie Tan li Zheng dennis M.Kochmann Mechanics&Materials lab Department of Mechanical and Process EngineeringETH Zürich8092 ZürichSwitzerland Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer ScienceDelft University of Technology2628 CD DelftNetherlands Graduate Aerospace laboratories California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91125USA

After a decade of periodic truss-,plate-,and shell-based architectures having dominated the design of metamaterials,we introduce the non-periodic class of spinodoid *** by natural self-assembly processes,spinodoid metamaterials are a close approximation of microstructures observed during spinodal phase *** theoretical parametrization is so intriguingly simple that one can bypass costly phase-field simulations and obtain a rich and seamlessly tunable property ***,breaking with the periodicity of classical metamaterials is the enabling factor to the large property space and the ability to introduce seamless functional *** introduce an efficient and robust machine learning technique for the inverse design of(meta-)materials which,when applied to spinodoid topologies,enables us to generate uniform and functionally graded cellular mechanical metamaterials with tailored direction-dependent(anisotropic)stiffness and *** specifically present biomimetic artificial bone architectures that not only reproduce the properties of trabecular bone accurately but also even geometrically resemble natural bone.

关键词： density property periodic

Deep learning for visualization and novelty detection in large X-ray diffraction datasets

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npj computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 942-947页

作者： lars Banko Phillip M.Maffettone dennis Naujoks Daniel Olds Alfred ludwig Materials Discovery and Interfaces Institute for MaterialsRuhr University BochumBochumGermany National Synchrotron light Source II Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNYUSA ZGH Center for Interface-Dominated High Performance MaterialsRuhr University BochumBochumGermany

We apply variational autoencoders(VAE)to X-ray diffraction(XRD)data analysis on both simulated and experimental thin-film *** show that crystal structure representations learned by a VAE reveal latent information,such as the structural similarity of textured diffraction *** other artificial intelligence(AI)agents are effective at classifying XRD data into known phases,a similarly conditioned VAE is uniquely effective at knowing what it doesn’t know:it can rapidly identify data outside the distribution it was trained on,such as novel phases and *** capabilities demonstrate that a VAE is a valuable AI agent for aiding materials discovery and understanding XRD measurements both‘on-the-fly’and during post hoc analysis.

关键词： VAE uniquely latent