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小花棘豆苦马豆素毒性相关相内生真菌的研究

小花棘豆苦马豆素毒性相关相内生真菌的研究

中国遗传学会第八次代表大会暨学术讨论会

作者：卢萍 Dale Gardener dennis child 赵萌莉韩国栋内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院美国农业部有毒植物实验室美国科罗拉多州立大学自然资源学院内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院

小花棘豆(Oxytropis glabra DC.)是内蒙古草原一种重要的疯草植物,许多植株含抑制动物细胞内甘露糖苷酶的苦马豆素。美国学者从疯草 ***、*** 和 *** 中分离出内生真菌 Embellisia sp.L12,提出疯草苦马豆素毒性与内生真菌有关。本研究... 详细信息

小花棘豆(Oxytropis glabra DC.)是内蒙古草原一种重要的疯草植物,许多植株含抑制动物细胞内甘露糖苷酶的苦马豆素。美国学者从疯草 ***、*** 和 *** 中分离出内生真菌 Embellisia sp.L12,提出疯草苦马豆素毒性与内生真菌有关。本研究将植物化学、分子遗传学和经典微生物学的理论和研究方法相结合,探索小花棘豆中是否存在内生真菌,研究苦马豆素是否与其内生真菌相关。首次用 LC-MS2法测定了小花棘豆6个种群90个单株的苦马豆素含量;对小花棘豆单株进行了体外真菌培养。研究了其微生物学特性;从植物总 DNA 和同株培养的真菌菌丝体总 DNA 中扩增出真菌5.8SrDNA/ITS 区, 进行了 DNA 序列分析与排序。综合小花棘豆苦马豆素含量测定和内生真菌 DNA 序列分析结果, 并与内生真菌 Embellisia sp.L12了比较。首次在一些小花棘豆中发现内生真菌,且植物含苦马豆素与其有内生真菌相对应,体外培养的内生真菌生长缓慢,呈圆形、隆起、边缘整齐和辐射状生长的白色菌落,分生孢子近圆柱形,有粗且比孢子壁厚的暗色横隔膜,具有 Embellisia 真菌的特征。10株苦马豆素禽量较高的小花棘豆内生真菌的5.8S rDNA/ITS 序列相同,与 Embellisia sp.L12相比,序列总长为517 bp,其中 ITS1为199bp,ITS2为148bp, 5.8SrDNA 为170bp,有一个变异位点在5.8SrDNA 基因区的第227位,在中国内蒙古的10个序列里为 T,在 Embellisia sp.L12菌株序列里为 A。推测该内生真菌属于 Embellisia,其物种鉴定需深入研究。

关键词：小花棘豆苦马豆素内生真菌 5.8S rDNA/ITS 分生孢子

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心理学与教师

Prevalence and Socio-Demographic Determinants of Unintended Pregnancy among Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Thyolo District, Malawi

1992年

作者：邓尼斯·蔡尔德(dennis child)

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第5期10卷 7-24页

作者： dennis dennis Gwesere Mariam Namutebi Charles Osiganda Department of Nursing and Midwifery Malamulo College of Health Sciences Malawi Adventist University Thyolo Malawi Department of Nursing College of Health Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda

Background: Unintended pregnancies remain a public health problem. Unintended pregnancies continue to be a leading predisposing factor to the high total fertility rate, high maternal and child health morbidity and mortality. Unintended pregnancies lead to unsafe abortion and poor health-seeking behavior, especially among young and poor women. Knowledge of associated factors can help to design and implement appropriate interventions. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and socio-demographic factors associated with unintended pregnancy among women attending antenatal clinic (ANC) at Thyolo District Hospital in Malawi. Methodology: It was a quantitative cross-sectional study. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews with 396 women using a questionnaire. Systematic random sampling was used to recruit study participants. STATA version 13 package was used for univariate descriptive statistics, and logistic regression for bivariate and multivariate data analysis. Results: Slightly over half (54%) of women attending the antenatal clinic at Thyolo District Hospital had an unintended pregnancy. Unintended pregnancy was more likely to be reported among women of less than 20 years, education below secondary school level, marriage before 20 years, and polygamous relationships. In addition, families relying on farming alone other than employment or business were more likely to have an unintended pregnancy. Primgravidity and having no living child were also significantly associated with unintended pregnancy. Conclusion: Prevalence of unintended pregnancy is a health burden in Thyolo. Strategies to keep the girl child in school and delay marriage could address this challenge. Increasing access to effective contraceptive methods for the youth could mitigate the problem.

关键词： Unintended Pregnancy Determinants Teenage Pregnancy Mistimed Pregnancy

Role of Community Health Practitioners in National Development: The Nigeria Situation

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2016年第7期7卷 511-518页

作者： Asiton-a Solomon Ibama Pauline dennis Community Health Services Department Rivers State Primary Health Care Management Board Port Harcourt Nigeria

This is a review paper that brings to focus, concepts of Community Health Practice that connect Community Health Practitioners’ Roles to National development in view of its composite index improvement measure of social welfare services provision among others for the citizens of a country over time, with particular emphasis on medical care component of such index aimed at reduction in diseases and poverty in the population. The objective of the review work is to determine the extent to which Community Health Practice, particularly by Community Health Practitioners is capable of ensuring National Development in democratic governance or otherwise, in the context of our country, Nigeria. The methodology applied was traditional review of published literatures concerning the subject and findings of operational research of programme implemented by Community Health Practitioners at the Primary Health Care facilities and household level in the communities. This paper emphasizes on Primary Health Care services delivery contribution to National Development, since it is the level where Community Health Practitioners are mainly commissioned to render their services. Home-Based Care Strategy for Integrated Maternal, Newborn and child Health piloted in three (3) local government areas (Ahoada West, Etche and Oyigbo) in Rivers State, Nigeria, in 2012 and implemented by Community Health Practitioners, aimed at reducing maternal, newborn and child morbidity and mortality by 20% by 2015 in line with the United Nations (UN) Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5, had been shown to achieve an average of 26% improvement in utilization of maternal and newborn health services, an average of 27% overall reduction in maternal malnutrition status, an average of 14% overall improvement in under 5 years malnutrition status among others in 2013 on comparing with baseline indicators. Nigeria also attained 80% coverage in routine immunization in most vaccine preventable diseases except Tetanus Toxio

关键词： National Development National Development Community Community Health Practitioners Roles Primary Health Care Promotive Preventive Curative Rehabilitative Accessibility Acceptability Affordability Rural Nigeria Health System

Dimensional Characteristics of children and Adolescents with Mood Disorders and Autism Spectrum Disorders

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2013年第12期4卷 571-576页

作者： Bill J. Duke dennis Staton child Psychopharmacology Institute Fargo USA child Psychopharmacology Institute Fargo USA Lakeland Mental Health Center Moorhead USA

Objective: We sought to identify clinical discriminators between predominantly mood disordered and predominantly autism spectrum disordered research subjects that may reflect phenotypic state and treatment response characteristics. Method: Participants were 26 boys and 4 girls aged 2 to 18 years (Mean Age = 7.70). Subjects with DSM-IV diagnoses of Major depression (N = 2), Bipolar Disorder (N = 4) and Mood Disorder not otherwise specified (NOS) (N = 11) represented the mood disorder group (MD) (N = 17, Mean Age = 8.2) and those with diagnoses of Autistic Disorder (N = 1), Asperger’s Disorder (7) or Pervasive Developmental Disorder (NOS) (N = 3) comprised the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) group (N = 9, Mean Age = 6.8). Primary outcome measurements were continuous actigraphic measurements collected over one to three week periods. Secondary outcomes included personality and observational measurements. Personality characteristics reflected significant cross-group impairments related to self-control and self-discipline and differed relative to intellectual measures. Observational measurements reflected greater general impairments among the ASD group. Results: Predominantly mood disordered children demonstrated greater impairments related to sleep (P = 0.000) and sleep onset latency (P = 0.000) and were more active than ASD children during evening periods (P = 0.000). ASD children had lower verbal functioning and greater deviations from the norm on measures of cognitive development (P = 0.003) and psychosis (P = 0.047). Conclusions: Sleep disturbances, evening activity levels and phase delayed sleep appear to differentiate predominant mood and autism spectrum disordered children suggesting future areas for further exploration of neurological and phenotypic treatment response characteristics.

关键词： Autism Spectrum Disorders Mood Disorders children Actigraphy Sleep

Overcoming Barriers to Contraceptive Uptake among Adolescents: The Case of Kiambu County, Kenya

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2016年第9期4卷 1-10页

作者： Mary Murigi dennis Butto Sammy Barasa Evah Maina Bonnie Munyalo School of Health Sciences Kirinyaga University College Kerugoya Kenya Kenya Medical Training College Chuka Campus Chuka Kenya Department of Medical Services Kirinyaga University College Kerugoya Kenya AMFREF Health Africa Nairobi Kenya

Despite high sexual activity among adolescent girls in Kenya, contraceptive uptake is very low with only about 26 percent sexually active adolescent girls currently using a contraceptive method. This exposes them to HIV infections and unplanned pregnancies which consequently lead to school dropouts, unsafe abortions, and lack of employment opportunities. This cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the utilization of contraceptives among secondary school adolescent girls in Karuri Town Council, Kiambu County. Overall, 421 girls aged between 13.0 to 19.0 years took part in the study. Findings showed that despite majority (77.5%) of the adolescent girls having had sexual debut by the age of 15 years, contraceptive utilization was very low at 43%. The results revealed that age of the adolescent, knowledge of contraceptives options, perception and accessibility of the contraceptives had positive significant effect on contraceptive utilization. Adolescents aged 18 years and above were more likely to utilize contraceptives as compared to those of a lesser age (p ≤ 0.001;OR: 9.870 (95% CI: 3.781 - 25.763)). Those with knowledge on contraceptives were OR 3.2 times more likely to use contraceptives (p = 0.025), similarly, accessibility was significantly associated with increased contraceptive utilization (p = 0.34, 95% CI: 1.054 - 4.187). Adolescents who perceived use of contraceptives as wise were more likely to use a contraceptive than those of a divergent opinion (OR: 2.053 (95% CI: 1.024 - 4.115), p = 0.041). This revealed that high level of knowledge on contraceptives did not always amount to practice. There is therefore a need to develop age specific reproductive health messages to guide school education curriculum as well as parent or guardian-child communication.

关键词： Adolescents Contraceptive Prevalence Rate Sexual Debut

Paediatric-appropriate facilities in emergencydepartments of community hospitals in Ontario：A cross-sectional study

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2017年第4期8卷 264-268页

作者： Muhammad Akhter Hamid Sohaib Siddiqui Jabeen Fayyaz Ayesha Chandna Aliya Ariz Joe Butchey Elancheliyan Ambalavanar Niraj Mistry Aftab Muhammad Azad Junaid A. Bhatti dennis Scolnik Scarborough and Rouge Hospital Toronto Canada University of Toronto Department of Paediatrics Toronto Canada Sickkids Hospital Toronto Canada Saskatchewan Cancer Agency Regina Canada Hamilton Health Sciences Centre Hamilton Canada Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto Canada

BACKGROUND: We assessed whether the paediatric-appropriate facilities were available at Emergency Departments(ED) in community hospitals in a Canadian ***: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of EDs in community hospitals in Ontario, Canada that had inpatient paediatric facilities and a neonatal intensive care unit. Key informants were ED chiefs, clinical educators, or managers. The survey included questions about paediatric facilities related to environment, triage, training, and staff in ***: Of 52 hospitals, 69%(n=36) responded to our survey. Of them, 14% EDs(n=5) had some separated spaces available for paediatric patients. About 53%(n=19) of EDs lacked children activities, e.g., toys. Only 11%(n=4) EDs were using paediatric triage scales and 42%(n=15) had a designated paediatric resuscitation bay. Only half of the ED(n=18) required from their staff to update paediatric life support training. Only 31%(n=11) had a designated liaison paediatrician for the ED. Paediatric social worker was present in only 8%(n=3) of EDs in community ***: Most of the Ontario community hospital EDs included in this survey had inadequate facilities for paediatric patients such as specific waiting and treatment areas.

关键词： child-friendly Environment, Survey Triage Waiting area

The Use of Caudal/Epidural Catheter as the Primary Anesthetic with Dexmedetomidine Secondary to High Risk of Post-Operative Apnea in Premature Infants

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2016年第4期6卷 63-66页

作者： Joel Waring Alyssa Lowenwirt Miriam Flaum Eduard Logvinskiy dennis E. Feierman Department of Anesthesiology Maimonides Medical Center Brooklyn NY USA

Life threatening post-operative apnea is a known complication of general anesthesia in premature infants. Neuraxial anesthesia has been associated with reduced risk of post-operative apnea. We report two cases, presenting for bilateral inguinal hernia repair, where we used a caudal/epidural catheter for the neuraxial block combined with dexmedetomidine for sedation in preterm infants at high risk for postoperative respiratory complications. Dexmedetomidine assisted in providing both favorable surgical conditions via its well proven sedative effects without respiratory comprised and decreased the discomfort and stress to the child during placement of the epidural catheter and the neuraxial anesthesia provided excellent analgesia and surgical conditions.

关键词： Prematurity Apnea Post-Operative Complication

独生与非独生儿童的行为发展研究：六年追踪报告

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中国心理卫生杂志 1996年第1期10卷 1-5页

作者：陶国泰邱景华李宝林曾文星徐静 dennis Mclaughblin 南京儿童心理卫生研究中心夏威夷大学医学院精神科美国心理学专业学校夏威夷分校

为明了独生子女与非独生子女的行为发展是否有差异，针对１９８．１～８５年在南京地区所调查的３～６岁儿童，分别于１９８８～８９年及１９９０～９１年作第四年与第六年的追踪调查，研究这些儿童在各个发展阶段中有何过程上的变化。... 详细信息

为明了独生子女与非独生子女的行为发展是否有差异，针对１９８．１～８５年在南京地区所调查的３～６岁儿童，分别于１９８８～８９年及１９９０～９１年作第四年与第六年的追踪调查，研究这些儿童在各个发展阶段中有何过程上的变化。两次追踪调查时，被调查儿童总数分别是４２２及４１６名，其年龄分布大至分别为７～１０岁及９～１２岁。按Ａｃｈｅｎｂａｃｈ儿童行为量表评走所示，独生与非独生子女各有不同的行为表现，且其行为发展上的差异又随性别而略有所别。

关键词：独生子女儿童行为发展心理卫生卫生统计