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Current Zoology 2021年第5期67卷 561-563页

作者： denise NERY Florencia PALOTTINI Walter M.FARINA Laboratorio de Insectos Sociales Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biologia ExperimentalFacultad de Ciencias NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina Instituto de Fisiologia Biologia Molecular y Neurociencias(IFIBYNE)CONICET-Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina

When collecting a flower,bumblebees learn to associate floral features with reward,preferring,and specializing in the most profitable ones they visit(Chittka et al.1999).The proboscis extension reflex(PER)occurs naturally in the feeding context allowing individuals to access the floral *** controlled conditions,the PER paradigm is a well-established controlled learning procedure used in honeybees(Takeda 1961),and some bumblebees of the genus Bombus(Laloi et al.1999).The assessment of cognitive capacities in an operant context has been studied mainly in *** and ***(Chittka 1998;Mirwan and Kevan 2014).However,little is known about the ability to evoke associative memories in an operant context,which had been acquired in a classical *** turn,on the contrary,the Bombus genus also has the capacity to form longterm memories(Chittka 1998;McAulay et al.2015).In particular,the South American bumblebee ***(***)can learn a pure odor when it is presented in a paired association with a sugar reward within a PER paradigm(Palottini et al.2018).As other species,this one is a commercially reared pollinator that is increasingly managed in pollination services of some South American countries and they could be important for increasing production of crops(Palottini et al.2018).

关键词： crops sugar associative

RESPONSE OF WHEAT COMPOSITE CROSS POPULATIONS TO DISEASE AND CLIMATE VARIATION OVER 13 GENERATIONS

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021年第3期8卷 400-415页

作者： Odette denise WEEDON Maria Renate FINCKH Faculty of Organic Agricultural Sciences Department of Ecological Plant ProtectionUniversity of KasselNordbahnhofstr.1aWitzenhausenD-37213Germany

Since the F_(5)(2005),three winter wheat composite cross populations(CCPs)based on germplasm specifically suitable for low-input conditions were subjected to natural selection under organic and conventional *** the F_(6),each CCP was divided into two parallel populations(12 CCPs in total)and maintained continuously until *** used modern cultivars with different disease susceptibilities were grown alongside to assess the agronomic performance of the *** organically managed CCPs were comparable in yield and foliar disease resistance to two continuously used reference cultivars,Achat and *** contrast,under conventional management the *** outyielded the CCPs(Achat was not tested),highlighting the importance of parental cultivar choice for specific management *** CCPs were found to be moderately resistant to brown rust and even to the newly emerged stripe rust races prevalent in Europe since *** between the CCPs were mainly due to parental genetic background and were significant in the first five generations,but were no longer so in the last five *** addition,these differences tended to vary depending on the experimental year and the environmental stresses *** conclusion,the CCPs despite being derived from older cultivars are able to compete with more recently released reference cultivars under organic farming practices and represent a dynamic germplasm resource.

关键词： evolutionary breeding heterogeneous crop population management system

Ectomycorrhizal and Saprotrophic Fungal Communities Vary Across mm-Scale Soil Microsites Differing in Phosphatase Activity

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Pedosphere 2019年第3期29卷 344-359页

作者： Aaron GODIN denise BROOKS Sue J. GRAYSTON Melanie D. JONES Biology Department University of British Columbia Okanagan campus Kelowna V1V 1V7 (Canada) Department of Forest & Conservation Sciences Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 (Canada)

To understand nutrient cycling in soils, soil processes and microorganisms need be better characterized. To determine whether specific trophic groups of fungi are associated with soil enzyme activity, we used soil imprinting to guide mm-scale sampling from microsites with high and low phosphatase activities in birch/Douglas-fir stands. Study 1 involved sampling one root window per site at 12 sites of different ages(stands);study 2 was conducted at one of the stem-exclusion stands, at which 5 root windows had been installed. Total fungal and ectomycorrhizal(EM) fungal terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism(TRFLP)fingerprints differed between high-and low-phosphatase activity microsites at 8 of 12 root windows across 12 sites. Where differences were detected, fewer EM fungi were detected in high-than low-phosphatase activity microsites. Using 5 root windows at one site,next-generation sequencing detected similar fungal communities across microsites, but the ratio of saprotrophic to EM fungal reads was higher in high-phosphatase activity microsites in the two windows that had low EM fungal richness. In windows with differences in fungal communities, both studies indicated that EM fungi were less successful than saprotrophic fungi in colonizing fine-scale,organic matter-rich microsites. Fine-scale sampling linked with in situ detection of enzyme activity revealed relationships between soil fungal communities and phosphatase activity that could not be observed at the scales employed by conventional approaches, thereby contributing to the understanding of fine-scale phosphorus cycling in forest soils.

关键词： ectomycorrhizae fine scale fungal communities phosphatase root windows saprotrophic fungi soil imprinting

Plant-frugivore interactions in an intact tropical forest in north-east Thailand

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作者： denise Mina.

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第3期6卷 195-212页

作者： Wangworn SANKAMETHAWEE Andrew J.PIERCE George A.GALE Britta denise HARDESTY Conservation Ecology Program School of Bioresources and TechnologyKing Mongkut’s University of Technology ThonburiBangkok Thailand Walai Rukhavej Botanical Research Institute Mahasarakham UniversityMahasarakhamThailand CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences AthertonQueenslandAustralia

Fleshy-fruited plants in tropical forests largely rely on vertebrate frugivores to disperse their *** this plant-animal interaction is typically considered a diffuse mutualism,it is fundamental as it provides the template on which tropical forest communities are *** applied a mutualistic network approach to investigate the relationship between small-fruited fleshy plant species and the fruit-eating bird community in an intact evergreen forest in north-east Thailand.A minimum of 53 bird species consumed fruits of 136 plant ***-avian frugivore networks were highly asymmetrical,with observed networks filling 30%of all potential *** some of the missing links in the present study might be due to undersampling,forbidden links can be attributed to size constraints,accessibility and phenological uncoupling,and although the majority of missing links were unknown(58.2%),many were probably due to a given bird species being either rare or only a very occasional fruit *** most common frugivores were bulbuls,barbets and fairy-bluebirds,which were responsible for the majority of fruit removal from small fleshy fruited species in our *** birds seemed to be a minor component of the plant-frugivore networks,accounting for only 3%of feeding visits to fruiting trees;they filled 2%of the overall potential *** majority of interactions were generalized unspecific;however,Saurauia roxburghii *** to be dependent on flowerpeckers for dispersal,while Thick-billed Pigeons were only seen to eat figs.

关键词： avian frugivore nestedness plant-frugivore networks seed dispersal tropical forest

The Effect of Familiarization on the Reliability of Isokinetic Assessment in Breast Cancer Survivors

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2020年第3期2卷 220-225页

作者： Filipe D.de Lima Claudio L.battaglini Sandro N.Chaves Lucas Ugliara Jonathan Sarandy Martim Bottaro College of Health Sciences University of BrasiliaBrasiliaBrazil College of Education and Health Sciences University Center of BrasiliaBrasiliaBrazil Department of Exercise and Sport Science and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUSA College of Physical Education University of BrasiliaBrasiliaDFBrazil Integrated College IESGO FormosaBrazil

Purpose To determine the amount of familiarization sessions required by breast cancer survivors to achieve a reliable meas-urement of muscle function assessed using isokinetic *** Twenty-six breast cancer survivors performed three isokinetic knee extension tests separated by,at least,48 *** isokinetic testing protocol included one warm-up set of 10 submaximal knee extensions at 120°/s,followed by two sets of four maximal knee extensions at 60°/s,with 2-min rest interval between *** torque(PT),time to peak torque(TPT),angle of peak torque(APT),and average power(AP)of each trial was used for the assessment of testing *** change in the mean,typical error,coefficient of variation and intraclass correlation coefficients(ICC2.1)were calculated to determine test-retest *** For PT,change in mean was lower between trials 2 and 3 than between trials 1 and 2(4.18% and 13.18%,respec-tively),and ICC was greater between trials 2 and 3 than between trials 1 and 2(0.962 and 0.818,respectively).For TPT and APT,ICC was clinically acceptable only between trials 2 and 3(0.757 and 0.803,respectively).For AP,change in mean was clinically acceptable between trials 2 and 3(9.84%),while ICC met acceptable reliability between both,trials 1 and 2 and,trials 2 and 3(0.756 and 0.891,respectively).Conclusion At least one familiarization session is adequate to achieve reliable measurements of muscle function using isokinetic dynamometry,while avoiding the impact of learning effect of the measurements in breast cancer survivors.

关键词： Muscle strength Breast cancer Isokinetic testing Resistance exercise Motor learning effect

Relaxation Schemes for the M1 Model with Space-Dependent Flux:Application to Radiotherapy Dose Calculation

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Communications in Computational Physics 2016年第1期19卷 168-191页

作者： Teddy Pichard denise Aregba-Driollet Stephane Brull Bruno Dubroca Martin Frank Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications Universite de Bordeaux351 cours de la liberationTalence33400France Mathematics division Center for Computational Engineering ScienceRheinisch-Westf¨alische Technische HochschuleSchinkelstrasse 2Aachen52062Germany Institut de Mathematiques de Bordeaux Universite de Bordeaux351 cours de la liberationTalence33400France

Because of stability constraints,most numerical schemes applied to hyperbolic systems of equations turn out to be costly when the flux term is multiplied by some very large *** problem emerges with the M_(1)system of equations in the field of radiotherapy when considering heterogeneous media with very disparate ***,the flux term of the M_(1)system is non-linear,and in order for the model to be well-posed the numerical solution needs to fulfill conditions called *** this paper,we propose a numerical method that overcomes the stability constraint and preserves the realizability *** this purpose,we relax the M_(1)system to obtain a linear flux *** we extend the stencil of the difference quotient to obtain *** scheme is applied to a radiotherapy dose calculation example.

关键词： Radiotherapy Moments models relaxation models method of characteristics

Effect of mini-cutting size on adventitious rooting and morphophysiological quality of Ilex paraguariensis plantlets

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第2期32卷 815-822页

作者： Nathalia Pimentel denise Gazzana Janaina de Fatima Spanevello Kelen Haygert Lencina Dilson Antônio Bisognin Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal Centro de Ciências Rurais da Universidade Federal de Santa MariaAvenida Roraima1000Santa MariaRS 97105-900Brazil Curso de Graduação em Agronomia Centro de Ciências Rurais da Universidade Federal de Santa MariaAvenida Roraima1000Santa MariaRS 97105-900Brazil Departamento de Fitotecnia Centro de Ciências RuraisUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaAv.Roraima1000Santa MariaRS 97105-900Brazil

As the energizing and therapeutic effects of infusions of mate(Ilex paraguariensis ***.-Hil)leaves are increasingly recognized,rising global consumption is also increasing the demand for plantlets with high genetic and morphological ***-cuttings are an alternative for clonal plantlets;however,more details are needed on factors that affect the success of this ***,toward maximizing production,we evaluated adventitious rooting competence of mini-cuttings of different sizes and the morphophysiological quality of the resultant ***(one bud;length up to 2.5 cm),medium(multiple buds;length 2.6–5.0 cm),and large(multiple buds;length 5.1–10.0 cm)mini-cuttings were planted in a mixture of commercial substrate,vermiculite,and coarse sand(1:1:1 v:v:v),grown in a humidity chamber,then evaluated after 45,60,75,and 90 days for survival,percentage of callus and shoot formation,number and length of shoots,percentage of rooted cuttings,and number and length of *** rooted mini-cuttings were then cultivated in commercial substrate and subsurface soil(2:1 v:v)and evaluated after 30,60,90 and 120 days of cultivation for morphophysiology of the plantlets,percentage of survival,number of leaves,shoot height,stem diameter,and ratio of shoot height to stem *** 120 days,the plantlets were evaluated for the ratio of shoot and root dry mass,total length,surface area,total volume,and mean diameter of roots and Dickson quality *** rooting of the mini-cuttings and the morphophysiological quality of the plantlets were not influenced by the size of the vegetative ***,single-bud mini-cuttings have similar adventitious rooting competence,and result in plantlets with adequate morphophysiological quality,based upon leaf development,shoot height,stem diameter and length,and surface area,volume and diameter of ***-bud mini-cuttings up to 2.5 cm long can thus be used to maximize production of mate plantlets by mini-c

关键词： Aquifoliaceae Clonal forestry Mini-cutting technique Plantlet production Vegetative propagation

Low yield of routine duodenal biopsies for evaluation of abdominal pain

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第24期21卷 7495-7499页

作者： Sterling M Dubin Wilson T Kwong denise Kalmaz Thomas J Savides Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology University of California San Diego La Jolla

AIM: To determine the yield of biopsying normal duodenal mucosa for investigation of abdominal ***: This is a retrospective chart review of consecutive patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD) with duodenal biopsies of normal appearing duodenal mucosa for an indication that included abdominal pain. All the patients in this study were identified from an electronic endoscopy database at a single academic medical center and had an EGD with duodenal biopsies performed over a 4-year period. New diagnoses that were made as a direct result of duodenal biopsies were identified. All duodenal pathology reports and endoscopy records were reviewed for indications to perform the examination as well as the findings; all the medical records were reviewed. Exclusion criteria included age less than 18 years, duodenal mass, nodule, or polyp, endoscopic duodenitis, duodenal scalloping, known celiac disease, positive celiac serology, Crohns disease, or history of bone marrow transplant. Information was collected in a de-identified database with pertinent demographic information including human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) status, and descriptive statistics were ***: About 300 patients underwent EGD with biopsies of benign appearing or normal appearing duodenal mucosa. The mean age of patients was 44.1 ± 16.8 years; 189 of 300(63%) were female. A mean of 4.3 duodenal biopsies were performed in eachpatient. In the subgroup of patients with abdominal pain without anemia, diarrhea, or weight loss the mean age was 43.4 ± 16.3 years. Duodenal biopsies performed for an indication that included abdominal pain resulting in 4 new diagnoses(3 celiac disease and 1 giardiasis) for an overall yield of 1.3%. 183 patients with abdominal pain without anemia, diarrhea, or weight loss(out of the total 300 patients) underwent duodenal biopsy of duodenal mucosa resulting in three new diagnoses(two cases of celiac disease and one giardiasis) for a yield of 1.6%. Duodenal

关键词： Duodenum Celiac disease Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Abdominal pain Anemia Iron deficiencyanemia Diarrhea

Diagnosis,treatment and complications of radial head and neck fractures in the pediatric patient

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第3期13卷 238-249页

作者： Arno A Macken denise Eygendaal Christiaan JA van Bergen Department of Orthopedic Surgery Amphia HospitalBreda 4818 CKNoord-BrabantNetherlands Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports medicine Erasmus Medical CentreRotterdam 3015 GDSouth-HollandNetherlands

Radial head and neck fractures represent up to 14%of all pediatric elbow fractures and can be a difficult challenge in the pediatric *** up to 39%of proximal radius fractures,there is a concomitant fracture,which can easily be overlooked on the initial standard *** treatment options for proximal radius fractures in children range from non-surgical treatment,such as immobilization alone and closed reduction followed by immobilization,to more invasive options,including closed reduction with percutaneous pinning and open reduction with internal *** choice of treatment depends on the degree of angulation and displacement of the fracture and the age of the patient;an angulation of less than 30 degrees and translation of less than 50%is generally accepted,whereas a higher degree of displacement is considered an indication for surgical *** with limited displacement and non-surgical treatment generally result in superior outcomes in terms of patient-reported outcome measures,range of motion and complications compared to severely displaced fractures requiring surgical *** proper management,good to excellent results are achieved in most cases,and long-term sequelae are ***,severe complications do occur,including radio-ulnar synostosis,osteonecrosis,rotational impairment,and premature physeal closure with a malformation of the radial head as a result,especially after more invasive *** follow-up is therefore warranted.

关键词： Radial head Proximal radius Fracture Pediatrics Closed fracture reduction Open reduction fracture Fracture fixation Synostosis Osteonecrosis