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Distribution of Micronutrients in Selected Pedons of Sugarcane Growing Vertisols in Northern Karnataka State of India

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2022年第1期12卷 1-12页

作者： Sayyadsaheb A. Nadaf denis.magnus.ken amara Parameshgouda L. Patil Regional Coffee Research Station Peddaboddepalli-Narsipatnam Visakhapatnam District Andhra Pradesh India University of Agricultural Sciences Krishi Nagar Dharwad Karnataka India Department of Soil Science School of Agriculture & Food Sciences Njala University Njala Campus Freetown Sierra Leone

Micronutrients deficiency is a major limiting factor for increasing yield and productivity of major crops in India. Recent findings of multiple micronutrients interactions have evidenced the indispensable role played by micronutrients in plant nutrition. Though they are needed in smaller quantities, however, their availability in the Right amount, at the Right time, and for the Right crop has been a major limiting factor for improving the productivity and yield of Sugarcane in northern Karnataka state of India. This study was conducted to assess the level of Boron (B), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn) and Zinc (Zn) deficiencies in Sugarcane growing Vertisols of six micro-watersheds in northern Karnataka. The six selected micro-watersheds were intensively traversed and six representative pedons of standard dimensions were dug and horizon-wise soil samples collected and analyzed for various micronutrients using standard analytical procedures. Based on the optimum critical levels of micronutrients, B, Fe and Zn were deficient, ranging from 0.15 - 0.64, 1.23 - 5.92 and 0.11 - 0.64 mg⋅kg−1 respectively while Cu and Mn were in excess, ranging from 1.54 - 7.62 and 1.22 - 7.03 mg⋅kg−1 respectively. The distribution of B, Fe and Zn were inversely proportional to soil depth whereas that of Cu and Mn were irregular, which is an indication of the influence of pedoturbation in these soils. With the current rate of agricultural intensification, unbalanced fertilizer application, depletion of nutrients and no replenishment by smallholders, the results reveal that the current deficiency levels may increase further if appropriate and timely actions are not taken. We therefore recommend the use of site-specific nutrient management, balanced fertilizer application and good agronomic practices. These can enhance nutrient use efficiency in the study area.

关键词： Soil Fertility Micronutrients Boron Copper Iron Manganese Zinc India

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Studies on the Genesis of Soils in Jong River Basin in the Northern Province of Sierra Leone

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Open Journal of Geology 2022年第3期12卷 273-293页

作者： denis.magnus.ken amara Patrick Andrew Sawyerr Daniel Hindogbe Saidu Osman Sidie Vonu Raymond Morie Musa Joseph Christian Adamu Mboma Philip Jimia Kamanda Mohamed Azim Sannoh Department of Soil Science School of Agriculture & Food Sciences Njala University Njala Campus Njala Sierra Leone Department of Soil Science Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Private Mail Bag Kenema Sierra Leone Department of Agriculture Food Security & Livelihood Sustainable Cassava Commercialization through Entrepreneurs Strengthening & Support (SUCCESS) Project BRAC Bo Sierra Leone Department of Agricultural Education Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Private Mail Bag Kenema Sierra Leone Department of Social Studies Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Private Mail Bag Kenema Sierra Leone Department of Extension & Rural Sociology School of Agriculture & Food Sciences Njala University Njala Campus Njala Sierra Leone

The soil resources of Sierra Leone remain an integral part of sustainable agricultural development but knowledge of the suitability of soils and their management requirements for a variety of land uses is still lacking to a greater extent. In this view, a detailed soil survey of three chiefdoms in Northern Sierra Leone was undertaken to evaluate the genesis of soils and interpret soil-landscape properties and their relationships using the toposequence and free style approach of soil survey. Three major soil types, viz, gravelly, gravel-free over gravel and gravel-free soils, formed either directly or indirectly from weathered and disintegrated parent materials of two geologic origins namely Rokel River Series (comprising of sandstone, shale and mudstone), and Granite and Acid Gneiss were identified. The gravelly soils are formed from sandstone and sandy shales of the Rokel River Series, which upon weathering released iron and hydrated oxides that hardened into plinthite upon drying. The gravel-free over gravel soils are formed from acid gneiss containing acid and intermediate igneous and metamorphic rocks, which upon weathering produced sandy clay textured soils whereas the gravel-free soils are derived from sedimentary rocks (shales and mudstones) of Rokel River Series, which upon weathering and action of organisms produced sandy clay loam and sandy clay textured soils. The gravel-free over gravel soils are mostly located in the summit and back slopes and show dark brown to dark yellowish-brown hue and moderate chroma, weak to moderate structure and absence of coarse fragments in the 0 - 40 cm layer, and a strong brown hue and high chroma, very weak fine angular blocky structure having abundance of coarse fragments from 40 cm and above. In these soils, the compactness of ironstone and sandstone gravels increases with depth. The gravel-free soils are found on three landscape positions, viz, back slopes, foot slopes and toe slopes. On the back and foot slopes, the so

关键词： Physiography Genesis Soil Land Suitability Climate Oxisols Landform Land Use Sierra Leone

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Effect of Land Uses on Soil Erodibility in the Njala Area of Southern Sierra Leone

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2022年第10期12卷 475-489页

作者： denis.magnus.ken amara Ibrahim Benya Sheku Alfred Kanu Daniel Hindogbe Saidu Raymond Morie Musa Osman Sidie Vonu Fayia Brima Joseph Christian Adamu Mboma Michael Jusu Foday Turay Abdulai Kamara Department of Soil Science School of Agriculture & Food Sciences Njala University Njala Campus Njala Sierra Leone Department of Soil Science Faculty of Development Agriculture & Natural Resources Management Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Private Mail Bag Kenema Sierra Leone Project Management Office Mamour Agricultural Foundation Freetown Sierra Leone Department of Crop Science School of Agriculture & Food Sciences Njala University Njala Campus Sierra Leone Department of Agriculture Food Security & Livelihood Sustainable Cassava Commercialization through Entrepreneurs Strengthening & Support (SUCCESS) Project Bangladeshi Rural Agro Committee (BRAC) Bo Sierra Leone Department of Agricultural Education Faculty of Education Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Kenema Sierra Leone Department of Social Studies Faculty of Education Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Kenema Sierra Leone Department of Agriculture & Forestry Faculty of Development Agriculture & Natural Resources Management Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Kenema Sierra Leone Department of Agricultural Engineering Faculty of Development Agriculture & Natural Resources Management Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Kenema Sierra Leone

Soil loss through erosion continues to pose serious challenges to increasing the smallholder agricultural productivity in Sierra Leone. While emphasis on sustainable land use practices continue to gain attention among land users, however, the rate of adoption among smallholder farmers is still very low and hence, in most part of the country soil fertility has been declining at alarming rates. In the Njala area, studies have shown that soil loss ranges from moderate to high. Though soil erosion has been identified as a major soil fertility declining factor, however, the effect of land use practices on the inherent resistance of soil materials to erosion is lacking. This study was therefore conducted to assess the effect of land uses on soil erodibility. The results showed that the soils are coarse sandy loam with high sand content. The dispersion ratios and erosion indices of soils under cassava, plantain, maize and guava were above the minimum thresholds of 15.0 and 10.0 respectively, thus indicating that these soils are highly erodible compared to soils under fallow and sweet potato which have dispersion ratios and erosion indices below the minimum thresholds. Clay content was inversely proportional to and significantly correlated with dispersion ratio and erosion index while the correlations between silt + clay, dispersion ration and erosion index, and silt, silt + clay and dispersion ratio were negative and non-significant. Considering the coarse nature of soils, landscape features and high erodibility indices, these soils would need special soil and water conservation practices to counter further degradation. These may include following, agroforestry, silvi-pasture, controlled and rotational grazing. In addition, awareness of sense of self-responsibility and forest policies and regulations are needed.

关键词： Soil Erosion Land Use Agriculture Smallholders Soil Texture Erodibility Soil Fertility Deforestation

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Studies on Land Resource Inventory for Agricultural Land Use Planning in Northern Transition Zone of India through Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2021年第6期13卷 710-728页

作者： denis.magnus.ken amara Sayyadsaheb A. Nadaf Daniel Hindogbe Saidu Osman S. Vonu Raymond Morie Musa Philip Jimia Kamanda Patrick A. Sawyerr John Christian Mboma Saidu Deggy Mansaray Mohammed Azim Sannoh Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad Dharwad India Department of Soil Science School of Agriculture & Food Sciences Njala University Njala Campus Freetown Sierra Leone Department of Agriculture Food Security & Livelihood Sustainable Cassava Commercialization through Entrepreneurs Strengthening & Support (SUCCESS) Project BRAC Bo Sierra Leone Department of Soil Science Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Private Mail Bag Kenema Sierra Leone Department of Agricultural Education Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Private Mail Bag Kenema Sierra Leone Department of Extension & Rural Sociology School of Agriculture & Food Sciences Njala University Freetown Sierra Leone Department of Social Studies Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Private Mail Bag Kenema Sierra Leone

Land suitability analysis is a prerequisite to achieving optimum utilization of available land resources. Hence, a study on land resource inventory for agricultural land use planning was conducted in the Northern Transition Zone of India to determine land capability and develop a suitability map for wheat and sorghum-based on physical and climatic factors of production using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Detailed soil survey information was used for this exercise. Four series (Singhanhalli, Mugli, Bogur and Venkatapur series) were identified and mapped into seventeen mapping units. Land capability classification showed that a greater portion of the study area belonged to class III followed by class IV with limitations of erosion, wetness and varying soil properties. Four land capability classes viz., II, III, IV, and VI, and seven subclasses viz., IIsf, IIItsf, IVs, IVt, IVts, IVtsf and VIt were identified. Major limitations of these subclasses were slope, erosion, depth, texture, coarse fragments, pH, organic carbon and base saturation. Soil suitability assessment revealed that the soils are moderately suitable to permanently not suitable. About 234 ha (31.6%) is moderately suitable, 494 ha (65.0%) marginally suitable and 10.2 ha (1.3%) permanently not suitable for wheat;while 78.5 ha (10.3%) is moderately suitable, 633.4 ha (82.3%) marginally suitable and 32.6 ha (4.3%) permanently not suitable for sorghum respectively. The moderate, marginal and permanent non-suitability was due to moderate, severe and very severe limitations respectively. However, it is possible to achieve potential yield of the crops in the study area if these limitations are addressed.

关键词： Land Resource Inventory Soil Suitability Land Use Planning Land Evaluation Soil Survey Remote Sensing Soil Mapping

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Orientation-controlled,low-temperature plasma growth and applications of h-BN nanosheets

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Nano Research 2019年第1期12卷 91-99页

作者： Ivan Sergeevich Merenkov Mikhail Sergeevich Myshenkov Yuri Mikhailovich Zhukov Yohei Sato Tatyana Sergeevna Frolova denis Vasilevich Danilov Igor Alekseevich Kasatkin Oleg Sergeevich Medvedev Roman Vladimirovich Pushkarev Olga Iva no vna Sin itsyna Masami Terauchi Irina Alekseev na Zvereva Marina Leonidovna Kosinova ken Ostrikov Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS Novosibirsk 630090Russia Ural Federal University Ekaterinburg 620002Russia Saint-Petersburg State University St.Petersburg 199034Russia IMRAM Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS Novosibirsk 630090Russia Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS Novosibirsk 630090Russia Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk 630090Russia School of Physics Chemistry and Mechanical EngineeringQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbane QLD 4000Australia CSIRO-QUT Joint Sustainable Processes and Devices Laboratory P.O.Box 218Lindfield.NSW 2070Australia

Dimensionality and orientation of hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN)nanosheets are promising to create and control their unique properties for diverse ***,low-temperature deposition of vertically oriented h-BN nanosheets is a significant *** we report on the low-temperature plasma synthesis of maze-like h-BN nanowalls(BNNWs)from a mixture of triethylamine borane(TEAB)and ammonia at temperatures as low as 400℃.The maze-like BNNWs contained vertically aligned stacks of h-BN *** h-BN nanowalls with randomly oriented nanocrystalline structure are also *** and effective control of morphological type of BNNWs by the deposition-mperature is *** the lower synthesis temperature,thermal stability and oxidation resistivity of the maze-like BNNWs are higher than for the wavy *** structure and oxidation of the nanowalls was found to be the critical factor for their thermal stability and con trolled luminescence *** study dem on strated sign ificant antibacterial effect of both maze-like and wavy h-BN nanowalls against *** reported results reveal a significant potential of h-BN nanowalls for a broad range of applications from electronics to biomedicine.

关键词： boron nitride nanosheets nanowalls chemical vapor deposition cytotoxicity light emission thermal stability

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哈斯机床席卷欧洲——访哈斯公司的领导人denis Dupuis先生

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现代制造 2004年第5期 14-14页

作者： ken Fouhy 德国MM主编

由于实施有效的性价比策略,美国机床生产商Haas Automation(以下简称哈斯)公司在欧洲获得了大量的订单。近日,MM采访了哈斯公司的领导人denisDupuis先生。他向我们谈起了他们在德国的营销战略以及2004年的计划目标。

关键词：哈斯机床公司 denisDupuis 销售收入市场占有率欧洲

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A history of high-power laser research and development in the United Kingdom

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第2期9卷 41-126页

作者： Colin N.Danson Malcolm White John R.M.Barr Thomas Bett Peter Blyth David Bowley Ceri Brenner Robert J.Collins Neal Croxford A.E.Bucker Dangor Laurence Devereux Peter E.Dyer Anthony Dymoke-Bradshaw Christopher B.Edwards Paul Ewart Allister I.Ferguson John M.Girkin denis R.Hall David C.Hanna Wayne Harris David I.Hillier Christopher J.Hooker Simon M.Hooker Nicholas Hopps Janet Hull David Hunt Dino A.Jaroszynski Mark Kempenaars Helmut Kessler Sir Peter L.Knight Steve Knight Adrian Knowles Ciaran L.S.Lewis ken S.Lipton Abby Littlechild John Littlechild Peter Maggs Graeme P.A.Malcolm OBE Stuart P.D.Mangles William Martin Paul Mckenna Richard O.Moore Clive Morrison Zulfikar Najmudin David Neely Geoff H.C.New Michael J.Norman Ted Paine Anthony W.Parker Rory R.Penman Geoff J.Pert Chris Pietraszewski Andrew Randewich Nadeem H.Rizvi Nigel Seddon MBE Zheng-Ming Sheng David Slater Roland A.Smith Christopher Spindloe Roy Taylor Gary Thomas John W.G.Tisch Justin S.Wark Colin Webb S.Mark Wiggins Dave Willford Trevor Winstone AWE Aldermaston ReadingUK Oxford Centre for High Energy Density Science Department of PhysicsClarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Centre for Intertial Fusion Studies Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondonUK Formerly of Electrox LetchworthUK Formerly of Central Laser Facility Rutherford LaboratoryDidcotUK Formerly of Ferranti Defence Systems LincolnUK Leonardo EdinburghUK Retired AWEReadingUK Formerly of AWE ReadingUK Formerly of Laser Lines Ltd BanburyUK Formerly of Optilas Ltd Milton KeynesUK Retired Pro-Lite TechnologyCranfieldUK Specialised Imaging Ltd PitstoneUK Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK Magna-Power Electronics Ltd ReadingUK DeBe Lasers Needham Laser TechnologiesWhitchurchUK Blackett Laboratory Imperial College LondonLondonUK SPIE Europe CardiffUK Professor Emeritus(Physics) University of HullKingston upon HullUK kentech Instruments Ltd WallingfordUK Department of Physics Clarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Professor Emeritus Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK Department of Physics Durham UniversityDurhamUK Professor Emeritus(Photonics) Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghUK Professor Emeritus University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Optical Surfaces Ltd KenleyUK JEH Lasers Ltd RugbyUK Scottish Universities Physics Alliance Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK ITER Organization Saint-Paul-lez-DuranceFrance Manx Precision Optics Ltd BallasallaUK Laser Lines Ltd BanburyUK Elliot Scientific Ltd MetroTest Scientific GroupHarpendenUK Centre for Plasma Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUK Retired Founderand former MDRofin-Sinar UK LtdHullUK Heraeus Noblelight Ltd CambridgeUK Mirli Books ChelmsfordUK M Squared Lasers Ltd GlasgowUK University of Hertfordshire HatfieldUK E&EO UK Ltd Barton-upon-HumberUK Department of Physics University of YorkYorkUK IC Optical Systems Ltd BeckenhamUK Laser Micromachining Ltd St AsaphUK MBDA UK Ltd Brist

The first demonstration of laser action in ruby was made in 1960 by *** of Hughes Research Laboratories,*** laboratories worldwide began the search for lasers using different materials,operating at different *** the UK,academia,industry and the central laboratories took up the challenge from the earliest days to develop these systems for a broad range of *** historical review looks at the contribution the UK has made to the advancement of the technology,the development of systems and components and their exploitation over the last 60 years.

关键词： high-power lasers history United Kingdom

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