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Analysis of the Driving Forc. of Hydrodynam.c. in Lake Naivasha, Kenya

Open Journal of m.dern Hydrology 2015年第4期5卷 95-104页

作者： Jane N. Ndungu Wenlong c.en denie c. m. augustijn Suzanne J. m. H. Hulsc.er m.EP Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute Mombasa Kenya Twente Water c.ntre University of Twente Enschede The Netherlands

The hydrodynam.c. in Lake Naivasha, a shallow endorheic.lake, are sim.lated using the Delft3D Flow m.dule to investigate the m.jor driving forc.s of hydrodynam.c. in the lake. The results showed wind as the m.jor forc.ng. The shallow zones of the lake showed c.rrents m.vem.nt in the sam. direc.ion as the wind while the deep zones showed c.rrents m.vem.nts against the wind direc.ion. These findings were c.nfirm.d and further explained using an idealized m.del. Lim.ted exc.ange between the c.esc.nt Lake (c.ater lake whic. is tem.orally separated from.the lake during low water levels) and the m.in lake was observed. These findings c.n explain the spatial variability of the water quality in the lake. Sim.lar studies c.uld be used in exploratory studies of the spatial-tem.oral variability in water quality in other shallow water system..

关键词： Hydrodynam.c. Water Quality Shallow Lakes Wind-Driven c.rrents Lake Naivasha

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Evaluation of a Sim.le Hydraulic.Resistanc. m.del Using Flow m.asurem.nts c.llec.ed in Vegetated Waterways

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Open Journal of m.dern Hydrology 2013年第1期3卷 28-37页

作者： Fredrik Huthoff m.nno W. Straatsm. denie c. m. augustijn Suzanne J. m. H. Hulsc.er Departm.nt of Earth System.Analysis Faculty of Geosciences Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands Departm.nt of Water Engineering & m.nagem.nt Faculty of Engineering Technology University of Twente Enschede The Neth- erlands HKV c.nsultants Lelystad The Netherlands

A sim.le idealized m.del to desc.ibe the hydraulic.resistanc. c.used by vegetation is c.m.ared to results from.flow experim.nts c.nduc.ed in natural waterways. Two field c.se studies are c.nsidered: fixed-point flow m.asurem.nts in a Green River (c.se 1) and vessel-borne flow m.asurem.nts along a c.oss-sec.ion with floodplains in the river Rhine (c.se 2). Analysis of the two c.ses shows that the sim.le flow m.del is c.nsistent with m.asured flow veloc.ties and the present vegetation c.arac.eristic., and m.y be used to predic. a realistic.m.nning resistanc. c.effic.ent. From.flow m.asurem.nts in the river floodplain (c.se 2) an estim.te was m.de of the equivalent height of the drag dom.nated vegetation layer, as based on m.asured flow c.arac.eristic.. The resulting height c.rresponds well with the observed height of vegetation in the floodplain. The expec.ed depth-dependenc. of the assoc.ated m.nning resistanc. c.effic.ent for c.uld not be detec.ed due to lac. of data for relatively shallow flows. Furtherm.re, it was shown that topographic.l variations in the floodplain m.y have an im.ortant im.ac. on the flow field, whic. should not be m.staken as roughness effec.s.

关键词： Hydraulic Roughness Vegetation River Flow Floodplains ADc. m.asurem.nts

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