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Fluid Characteristics and Evolution of the Zhawulong Granitic Pegmatite Lithium Deposit in the Ganzi-Songpan Region, Southwestern China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第4期93卷 943-954页

作者： XIONG Xin LI Jiankang wang denghong LI Shanping LIN Hao MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral ResourcesChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Geological Process and Mineral Resources of Northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Qinghai Institute of Geological SurveyXining 810012China Qinghai University Xining 810016China

The Zhawulong granitic pegmatite lithium deposit is located in the Ganzi-Songpan orogenic *** inclusions in spodumene and coexisting quartz were studied to understand the cooling path and evolution of fluid within albite–spodumene *** are three distinguishable types of fluid inclusions:crystal-rich,CO2–NaCl–H2 O,and NaCl–H2 *** more than 500°C and 350~480 MPa,crystal-rich fluid inclusions were captured during the pegmatitic magma-hydrothermal transition stage,characterized by a dense hydrous alkali borosilicate fluid with a carbonate *** 412°C and 278°C,CO2–Na Cl–H2 Ofluid inclusions developed in spodumene(I)and quartz(II)with a low salinity(3.3–11.9 wt%NaCl equivalent)and a high volatile content,which represent the boundary between the transition stage and the hydrothermal *** subsequentNaCl–H2 Ofluid inclusions from the hydrothermal stage,between 189°C and 302°C,have a low salinity(1.1–13.9 wt%NaCl equivalent).The various types of fluid inclusions reveal the P–T conditions of pegmatite formation,which marks the transition process from magmatic to *** oreforming fluids from the Zhawulong deposit have many of the same characteristics as those from the Jiajika lithium *** ore-forming fluid provided not only materials for crystallization of rare metal minerals,such as spodumene and beryl,but also the ideal conditions forthe growth of ore ***,this area has favorable conditions for lithium enrichment and excellent prospecting potential.

关键词： granitic pegmatite fluid inclusions rare metals lithium deposit Zhawulong

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A Preliminary Review of Metallogenic Regularity of Gold Deposits in China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第2期89卷 632-651页

作者： wang Chenghui wang denghong XU Jue YING Lijuan LIU Lijun LIU Shanbao MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral ResourcesChinese Academy of Geological Sciences The School of Earth Science and Resources Chang'an University China University of Geosciences

Gold is one of the most important mineral resources in China with its rich mineral resources. In recent years, significant progress has been made on the process of gold resource exploration. Some large and giant gold deposits were newly found and some important expansions in the main mining regions were also been completed. Studies on metailogenic regularity of gold deposits in China also have made achievements with a long-term work. This review aims to conclude the achievements of research on gold metallogenic regularity in China. Based on the data of about 2000 gold deposits and other ore （mineralized） occurrences, gold deposits in China were classified into five prediction types： gold deposits genetically related to granite-greenstone formation, gold deposits related to sedimentary formation （including the Carlin type and the metamorphosed clastic rock related vein gold deposit）, gold deposits genetically related to volcanic rocks （including the continental and marine types）, gold deposits genetically related to intrusions （including the porphyry type and the inner intrusion and contact zone related gold deposit）, gold deposits of supergenesis （including fracture zone-altered rock gold deposit, placer gold deposit, gossan type gold precise chronology data of gold deposits indicate deposit and soil type gold deposit）. Statistics on that there occurred 5 main periods of gold- mineralization in geological history of China. They were Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic, Meso- Neoproterozoic, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic. Gold deposits in China mainly formed in the Mesozoic and the Cenozoic. On the studies of the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of gold deposits, 53 gold-forming belts were delineated in China. The metallogenic regularity of gold deposits was preliminarily summarized and 71 gold metallogenic series were proposed in China. This suggests that it is necceary to deepen the study on metallogenic regularity of gold deposits and to provide the t

关键词： gold prediction types mineralization epoch gold-forming belt metallogenic regularity,metallogenic series of gold deposits

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Geology and mineralization of the Songpan-Ganze-West Kunlun pegmatite-type rare-metal metallogenic belt in China:An overview and synthesis

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第8期66卷 1702-1724页

作者： Jiankang LI Peng LI Qinggao YAN denghong wang Guangli REN Xin DING MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral ResourcesChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Xi’an Center of Geological Survey China Geological SurveyXi’an 710054China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

The Songpan-Ganze orogenic belt on the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau extends westward from the Songpan-Ganze terrain in western Sichuan to the Tianshuihai region in West Kunlun,*** hosts numerous giant spodumene pegmatite deposits and ore fields,including Jiajika and Ke’eryin in western Sichuan Province,Zhawulong on the border between the Sichuan and Qinghai Provinces,and Dahongliutan in Xinjiang *** form the Songpan-Ganze-West Kunlun(SP-GZ-WK) pegmatite-type rare-metal metallogenic *** pegmatite type rare-metal deposits in this belt are hosted in the metamorphic thermal domes in the metamorphosed flysh of the Triassic Xikang and Bayankalashan *** mineralized pegmatites are intimately related to the Li-and volatile-rich two-mica granites that are peraluminous and have high(Li+Na+K)/(Mn+Fe+Mg+Ca+Ti) *** and granites in individual ore field throughout the belt typically form a cogenetic granite-pegmatite system,in which pegmatite dikes commonly surround *** is the predominant ore mineral in most pegmatites with limited hydrothermal *** the granite-pegmatite systems,granitic magmas were emplaced under P-T conditions of 800–850°C and ~550 MPa,while spodumene crystallized in an alkaline *** granite-pegmatite systems share similar Sr-Nd-Hf-Li isotopic compositions to the metasediments of the Xikang and Bayankalashan *** δ7Li values tend to increase from the granites to the Li-poor pegmatites,whereas the reverse is observed between the Li-poor and Li-rich *** geochronological data suggest that the granite-pegmatite systems formed in the Late Triassic and tend to be progressively younger from the outer to the inner zones of the metallogenic *** characteristics show that the granitic-pegmatitic melts were derived from the anatexis of the Xikang and Bayankalashan Groups during the Paleo-Tethyan orogeny in the Late *** separation of pegmatitic melts

关键词： Songpan-Ganze-West Kunlun metallogenic belt Rare-metal deposit Granitic pegmatite Spodumene Metallogenic regularity

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Geochronology and Geochemistry of Li(Be)-Bearing Granitic Pegmatites from the Jiajika Superlarge Li-Polymetallic Deposit in Western Sichuan, China

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Journal of Earth Science 2019年第4期30卷 707-727页

作者： Hongzhang Dai denghong wang Lijun Liu Yang Yu Jingjing Dai MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment^ Institute of Mineral Resources CAGSBeijing 100037China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

Strategic emerging minerals such as lithium,beryllium,niobium and tantalum are the most important rare metals currently,especially with the increasing demand of emerging industries on rare metals in *** Jiajika deposit with a complete Li-Be-Nb-Ta metallogenic series is the largest pegmatite type rare metal deposit in China at *** this paper,systematic researches of geochronology and petrogeochemistry were carried out to understand the genetic relationships between mineralization and magma evolution in the Jiajika deposit,which might be helpful to further rare-element prospecting in Songpan-Garze *** LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating yields a concordia age of 217±1.1 Ma and a weighted mean 206 Pb/238 U age of 217±0.84 Ma for the aplite from the No.308 *** LA-MC-ICPMS dating yields concordant ages of 211±4.6 Ma for the No.308 pegmatite vein and198±4.4 Ma for the No.133 pegmatite vein,indicating that the rare metal mineralization mainly occurred in the Late Indosinian Period,further suggesting that the granites,aplites and pegmatites in Jiajika formed during a relatively stable stage after the intense orogeny of the Indosinian *** rare metal-bearing granitic rocks and pegmatites show a clear linear relationship between A/CNK and A/NK and are enriched in total alkalis and depleted in CaO,FeO,MnO,MgO,Ba and *** barren rocks and mineralized rocks feature similar rare earth element and trace element geochemical ***,these characteristics indicate that the aplites and pegmatites represent the highly differentiated products of the two-mica granite(MaG)in this area,which is the most likely parent *** the evolution of magma,strong alkali metasomatism occurred between the melt phase and the volatile-rich fluid phase;as a result,large-scale rare metal mineralization occurred in certain structural zones of the pegmatite veins in the Jiajika deposit.

关键词： granitic pegmmatites rare mmetals metallogenic epoch geochemical characterizatiion Jia ajika

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New Data on Lithium Isotopic Geochemistry of the No. X03 Lithium Vein in the Jiajika Super-Large Lithium Deposit, Sichuan, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第6期93卷 1983-1984页

作者： LIU Lijun wang denghong HOU Jianglong ZHAO Yue ZHANG Yujie School of Earth Science and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral ResourceMinistry of Natural Resources of ChinaChina Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China

Objective The No.X03 lithium pegmatite vein in the Jiajika lithium deposit in western Sichuan is a newly discovered super-large vein which contains an identified reserves of643,100 tons *** has two stable isotopes(~6Li and^7Li),and^6Li is a key raw material for nuclear *** fractionation of lithium isotopes is almost nonexistent during partial melting。

关键词： fractionation Lithium deposit

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Helium,Argon,and Xenon Isotopic Compositions of Ore-forming Fluids in Jinding-Baiyangping Polymetallic Deposits,Yunnan,Southwest China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2000年第3期74卷 521-528页

作者： XUE Chunji wang denghong CHEN Yuchuan YANG Jianmin YANG Weiguang Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037 Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 No.3 Geological Party of Yunnan Province Dali 671000

The Jinding superlarge lead and zinc deposit has attracted the attention of geologists of the world and its metallogenesis has long been in dispute. This paper takes the Jinding deposit and the Baiyangping Cu-Ag-Co deposit which was recently found at about 30 km north of Jinding as one ore belt, and, based on researches on the helium, argon, and xenon isotopic compositions of primary inclusions in ore-forming solutions of the main stage, the authors have found that the 3He/4He ratio of the ore-forming fluid is 2.7×10?6 (varying from 0.19 to 1.97 Ra), the 4He/40Ar ratio (0.24–3.12) is close to the mantle characteristic ratio, and the xenon isotopic composition and evolution show characters of the mantle xenon. The above results reveal the characteristics of mantle source and crust-mantle fluid mixing (mantle helium reaching 32%) and the metallogenic contributions of the deep processes in the Jinding-Baiyangping ore belt.

关键词： Jinding-Baiyangping ore belt fluid inclusion helium argon and xenon isotopes crust-mantle fluids

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A Preliminary Review of Metallogenic Regularity of Copper Deposits in China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第1期89卷 251-269页

作者： YING Lijuan CHEN Yuchuan wang denghong TANG Juxing CHEN Zhenghui wang Chenghui The School of Earth Science and Resources Chang'an University MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

Copper resources in China are rich, but imported copper products are still required. Researches on metallogenic regularity of major types of copper deposits by geologists have involved in worldwide classification, significant copper belts, representative copper deposits, etc. Studies on metallogenic regularity of copper deposits in China also have made achievements with a long-term work. Combined with latest exploration advances obtained in recent ten years, this review aims to conclude the achievements of researches on copper metallogenic regularity in China. Based on data of 814 copper deposits and other ore （mineralized） occurrences, ten prediction types of copper deposits have been suggested. Porphyry and skarn copper ores are taken as the key targets. Porphyry copper deposits are the most important one which concentrate in Gangdese, Changdu-Sanjiang, Dexing and East Tianshan. The Cenozoic and Mesozoic are the major metallogenic epochs. Four main metallogenic epochs are been studied based on the copper ore geochronological data including Precambrian Era （Archean and Proterozoic）, Paleozoic Era, Mesozoic Era and Cenozoic Era. Based on the study of metallogenic series of ore deposits in China, twenty-seven metallogenic series of copper deposits are proposed. This is suggested to deepen the study of metallogenic regularity of copper ore and provide the theory guide for copper resources prediction in China.

关键词： copper porphyry copper type prediction type metallogenic regularity metallogenicseries of mineral deposits

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Outline of Metallogenic Regularity of Bauxite Deposits in China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第6期89卷 2072-2084页

作者： GAO Lan LI Jihong wang denghong XIONG Xiaoyun YI Chengwei HAN Meizhi MRL Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral ResourcesChinese Academy of Geological Science Hubei Land Resources Vocational College China University of Mining & Technology China University of Geosciences

Among the abundant aluminum ore resources in China, bauxite is dominated, which is mainly distributed in 19 provinces and regions, including Shanxi, Henan, Guizhou and Guangxi. The major deposit type of bauxite is paleo-weathering crust sedimentary type, and the other one is the accumulation type. The main metallogenic period is the late Paleozoic Era followed by the Cenozoic Era. The metallogenic tectonic background is characterized by a cratonic environment. This paper summarizes the bauxite metallogenic regularity based on the characteristics of bauxite resources, bauxite deposit type, bauxite metallogenic belt and metallogenic series in China, and 15 bauxite metallogenic belts, 8 bauxite metallogenic series and 7 bauxite ore concentrated areas were identified in the study. This paper also provides a theoretical basis for the evaluation of the potential of bauxite resources.

关键词： bauxite deposit type bauxite metallogenic belt metallogenic series metallogenicregularity

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A Preliminary Review of the Metallogenic Regularity of Nickel Deposits in China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第4期89卷 1375-1397页

作者： SUN Tao wang denghong QIAN Zhuangzhi FU Yong CHEN Zhenghui LOU Debo School of Resource Environment and Earth Sciences Yunnan University MRL Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral ResourcesChinese Academy of Geological Sciences MOE Key Laboratory of Western China's Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering College of Earth Science and ResourcesChang'an University College of Resource and Environmental Engineering Guizhou University

The nickel deposits mainly distributed in 19 provinces and autonomous regions in China are 339 ore deposits/occurrences, including 4 super large-scale deposits, 14 large-scale deposits, 26 middle- scale deposits, 75 small-scale deposits, and 220 mineralized occurrences. The prediction types of mineral resources of nickel deposits are magmatic type, marine sedimentary type and regolith type. The formation age is from the Neoarchean to the Cenozoic with two peaks in the Neoproterozoic and the late Paleozoic. The nickel deposits formed in the Neoproterozoic are located on the margin of the North China Block and Yangtze Block, and those formed in the late Paleozoic are mainly distributed in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt （CAOB）, Emeishan and the Tarim Large Igneous Provinces （LIPs）. Magmatic nickel deposits are mainly related with broken-up continental margin, post-collision extension of the orogenic belt and mantle plume. According to different tectonic backgrounds and main characteristics of magmatism, the Ni-Cu-Co-PGE metallogenie series types of ore deposits related with mantle-derived mafic-ultramafic rocks can be divided into 4 subtypes：（1） the Ni-Cu-Co- PGE metallogenic series subtype of ore deposits related with mantle-derived mafic-ultramafic rocks in the broken-up continental margin, （2） the Ni-Cu-Co-PGE metallogenic series subtype of ore deposits related with mantle-derived mafic-ultramafic rocks in mantle plume magmatism, （3） the Ni-Cu-Co- PGE metallogenic series subtype of ore deposits related with mantle-derived mafic-ultramafic rocks in the subduction of the orogenic belt, and （4） the Ni-Cu-Co-PGE metallogenic series subtype of ore deposits related with mantle-derived mafic-ultramafic rocks in post-collision extension of the orogenic belt. We have discussed in this paper the typical characteristics and metaliogenic models for Neoproterozoic Ni-Cu-（PGE） deposits related with broken-up continental margin, Cambrian marine sedimentary Ni-Mo-V deposits relat

关键词： prediction type of mineral resources metallogenic condition metallogenic regularity,nickel deposits China

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Newly Discovered Euxenite and Polycrase in the Jiada Pegmatite-Type Lithium Deposit,Ke'eryin Lithium Ore Field,and its Geological Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第5期95卷 1782-1783页

作者： DAI Hongzhang wang denghong LIU Shanbao wang Chenghui MA Shengchao DING Xiaoping ZHU Haiyang MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral ResourcesChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Minmetals Exploration and Development Co. LTD.Beijing 100010China Brigade of Sichuan Nuclear Industry Geological Bureau DeyangSichuan 618000China

Objective The Ke’eryin lithium ore field is one of the most typical concentrated distribution areas for lithium(Li)polymetallic pegmatite veins in the Songpan–Garzêmetallogenic belt,western Sichuan(Li et al.,2015).A series of Li deposits are around the Ke’eryin complex rock mass(Fig.1),represented by Dangba,Lijiagou and Yelonggou,*** granitic intrusions and pegmatite veins intruded into the Triassic epimetamorphic rock series.

关键词： rock Triassic belt

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