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Downwash airflow distribution pattern of hexa-copter unmanned aerial vehicles

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第4期17卷 24-34页

作者： denger. yallappa Ramasamy Kavitha Allimuthu Surendrakumar Kannan Balaji Balakrishnan Suthakar Ayyasamy Paramasivam Mohan Kumar Yathendranaik Ravi Narayananaik Ashoka Kumar Kavan Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering Agricultural Engineering College and Research InstituteTamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityCoimbatore

In recent times,the use of vertical take-off and landing(VTOL)multi-rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAVs)for spraying chemical pesticides against weeds and pests has recently become *** current aerial spray application research is primarily focused on examining the influence of UAV spraying parameters such as flight height,travel speed,rotor configuration,droplet size,payload and wind *** downwash airflow velocity generated by the UAV rotor propeller has a significant impact on the droplet deposition process.A test rig was developed to measure the downwash airflow pattern generated by the rotor propeller of a *** this investigation,a six-rotor electric autonomous UAV sprayer was used to investigate the parameters and distribution laws of downwash airflow *** downwash airflow velocity was measured using portable anemometers mounted on the test rig at radial positions viz.,0 m,0.5 m,1 m,1.5 m and 2 m,perpendicular to(X)and parallel to the UAV’s flight direction(Y).The experiment was conducted at three levels of hover height,viz.,1 m,2 m and 3 m(Z)and three levels of payload,viz.,0 kg,5 kg,and 10 *** special downwash airflow distribution pattern was analysed using the Python programming language(Version 3.7).Results show that the downwash airflow velocity generated by the radial position of the UAV rotor is evenly distributed on the rotating loop and the standard deviation of the downwash airflow velocity is less than 0.5 m/*** maximum downwash airflow velocity of 13.8 m/s was observed below the rotor at 10 kg payload capacity,1 m hover height(Z),and 0.5 m in the *** minimum downwash wind field of 0.3 m/s was observed at 0 kg pay load capacity,1 m height,and 2 m in the *** downwash airflow velocity along each position in the radial direction of the rotor increases initially and then *** downwash airflow distribution results helps in mounting of spray nozzle configuration to drone sprayer which helps to

关键词： downwash air payload rotor propeller flight height distribution analysis flight direction

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Potential use of Clerodendrum capitatum extracts and its formulation for control of three major stored product beetles

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Food Quality and Safety 2019年第3期3卷 179-185页

作者： Jacobs Mobolade Adesina Anjanappa Raghavendra yallappa Rajashekar Thomas Inomisan Ofuya Department of Crop Soil and Pest Management TechnologyRufus Giwa PolytechnicOwoNigeria Insect Resources Laboratory Animal Resources ProgrammeInstitute of Bioresources and Sustainable DevelopmentDepartment of BiotechnologyGovernment of IndiaImphal Division of Insect Ecology National Bureau of Agricultural Insect ResourcesBangaloreIndia Department of Crop Soil and Pest ManagementFederal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria

Objective:Insecticidal activity of Clerodendrum capitatum extracts against the stored product insect pest,Sitophilus oryzae(L.),Rhyzopertha dominica(F.),and Tribolium castaneum(Herbst)were *** and Methods:Hundred grams of *** powder was sequentially extracted with a series of solvents of increasing polarity in a Soxhlet apparatus and the extracts were concentrated on rotary evaporator to make it solvent free and the residue dissolved in a known volume of methanol and the solution was assayed for insecticidal activity by the fumigant *** extract which showed maximum activity was selected for the preparation of herbal formulation and for its insecticidal properties and *** herbal formulation obtained from leaves of *** was investigated by GCMS and GC/***:Clerodendrum capitatum ethyl extract had a very strong repellent activity to adults of all three major stored grain insects and was significantly repellent at a 1.58 mg/cm^(2).The hexane extract(oil)had high fumigant activity with LC_(50) values in the range between 25 and 32μg/L.A total of 14 components representing 97.8%of the formulation were identified and the main compounds in the formulation were found to be 2-Heptanone,3-methyl(33.9%)and Hexahydrofarnesyl acetone(25.3%)followed by 3-Dodecen-1-al(10.2%)and 8-Methyl-1-undecene(4.9%).Further,herbal formulation was found to be highly toxic to mixed age cultures of all three major stored grain insect pests which recorded 80%-90%mortality at dose of 200μg/L in 24 h exposure,where as 100%mortality achieved at dose of 200μg/L in 72 h exposure,***:The results indicate that extracts and formulation of *** has the potential to be developed in to a natural insecticide or repellent for controlling of stored product beetles.

关键词： fumigation gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GCMS) herbal formulation repellence stored product beetles

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Low cost, high performance supercapacitor electrode using coconut wastes: eco-friendly approach

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2016年第5期25卷 880-887页

作者： Divyashree A. Shoriya Aruni Bt Abdul Manaf yallappa S. Chaitra K. Kathyayini N. Gurumurthy Hegde BMS R and D Centre BMS College of Engineering Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Jain University Jain Global Campus Jakkasandra Post

Low cost, high performance supercapacitor electrodes were fabricated using coconut waste as precursor. Simple one step pyrolysis is adopted to get the spherical shaped particle where lignocellulosic nature of carbon converts into porous carbon nanospheres. Three types of coconut wastes, namely, coconut fiber(CF), coconut leaves(CL) and coconut stick(CS) have been studied and compared for their application in supercapacitors. Uniform spherical shape with particle size ranging from 30 to 60 nm for leaves and sticks and20 nm for fibers was obtained. The electrochemical properties of the porous carbon nanospheres were studied using cyclic voltammetry(CV), chronopotentiometry(CP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS). The porous carbon nanospheres derived from all the three biowaste samples show good electrochemical performance for supercapacitor application. Porous carbon nanospheres derived from coconut fiber exhibited maximum specific capacitance of 236 F/g followed by coconut stick and coconut leaves with 208 and 116 F/g respectively at a scan rate of 2 m V/s. Further impedance studies showed a charge transfer resistance of 4.9 for the porous carbon nanospheres derived from coconut fiber, while those from coconut leaves and coconut stick exhibited a slightly higher resistance of 6 and14.2, respectively. The simple eco-friendly approach we have demonstrated for synthesizing coconut waste based carbon nanospheres makes them excellent candidates for future, low-cost, energy storage devices.

关键词： Low cost Coconut waste Biowaste High performance Supercapacitor Energy storage

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生物相溶性多孔炭-香豆素复合材料的制备及其细胞成像和靶向给药(英文)

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新型炭材料 2018年第2期33卷 162-172页

作者： S.yallappa Shoriya Aruni Abdul Manaf Gurumurthy Hegde BMS R and D Centre BMS College of EngineeringBangalore 560019KarnatakaIndia Department of Chemistry Gokhale Centenary CollegeAnkolaUttara Kannada 581314India Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang 26300Gam

将棕榈叶在惰性气氛中经一步热解过程制备出多孔炭(NPCs),并结合香豆素-6(C-6)形成NPCs-C-6复合荧光染料来进行癌细胞成像及靶向给药。通过XRD和Raman分析可知,NPCs具有高的含碳量。傅里叶红外分析表明棕榈叶中含有纤维素、半纤维素和... 详细信息

将棕榈叶在惰性气氛中经一步热解过程制备出多孔炭(NPCs),并结合香豆素-6(C-6)形成NPCs-C-6复合荧光染料来进行癌细胞成像及靶向给药。通过XRD和Raman分析可知,NPCs具有高的含碳量。傅里叶红外分析表明棕榈叶中含有纤维素、半纤维素和木质素,这有利于NPCs的形成,以及香豆素-6为导航分子的细胞成像和靶向给药。采用SEM和TEM观察NPCs结合前后的结构形貌,XPS表征元素组成。采用Zeta电位为初始指标来确定颗粒分散质量,以适合生物医学应用。NPCs-C-6分析细胞毒性和成像试验表明,对正常细胞系(MDCK:ATCCCCL-34^(TM))有高的生物相溶性,对人体癌细胞系(A-375∶ATCCCRL-1619TM与N2A∶ATCCCCL-131^(TM))有高的毒性。因此,这些研究结果有望为生物基功能NPCs作治疗载体的研究进展提供新思路。

关键词：多孔炭香豆素-6 细胞成像靶向给药

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Surfactant assisted solvothermal synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles and study of their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第6期34卷 1035-1043页

作者： Mina Zare K. Namratha K. Byrappa D.M. Surendra S. yallappa Basavaraj Hungun Centre for Materials Science and Technology Vijnana Bhavan University of Mysore 570006 India DOS in Earth Science University of Mysore Vijnana Bhavan Manasagangotri Mysore 570 006 India Dept. of Chemistry Gokhale Centenary College Ankola 581314 Uttara Kannada India Department ofBiotechnology KLE Technological University Hubballi 580031 India

This study demonstrated a solvothermal method of growth of three different morphologies of zinc oxide nanoparticles （ZnO NPs）： i） flower-like nanorod and nanoflakes, ii） assembled hierarchical structure, and iii） nano granule. Oleic acid （C18H3402）, gluconic acid （C6H1207） and tween 80 （C64H124026） were used as surfactant/capping/reducing agent for the formation of different morphologies of nanoparticles. The as-synthesized ZnO NPs were characterized by different physicochemical techniques such as UV-vis （UV-vis） spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FFIR）, field emission scanning electron microscopy （FE-SEM）, energy dispersive X-ray （EDX） analysis and dynamic light scattering （DLS） studies. Further, the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of these nanostructures was evaluated. The antioxidant activity of these nanostructures was assessed via 2,2-diphenyl,1-1 picrylhydrazyl （DPPH）, 2,2＇-azino-bis （3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid）（ABTS） and H202 free radical scavenging activity. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the obtained nanostructures was demonstrated against both gram negative （Escherichia coil） and gram positive （Staphylococcus aureus） bacterial genera. This study revealed antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of different structures ofZnO NPs suggesting their biomedical and industrial applications.

关键词： ZnO nanoparticles Solvothermal method Nanorods Nanoflakes[k]Nano granule Antioxidant & antimicrobial studies

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Potential of edible insects as source of functional foods:biotechnological approaches for improving functionality

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2022年第3期2卷 461-472页

作者： Wahengbam Deepanita Devi Rajkumari Bonysana Kokho Kapesa Amit Kumar Rai Pulok Kumar Mukherjee yallappa Rajashekar Insect Bioresources Laboratory Animal Resources ProgrammeInstitute Bioresources and Sustainable Development(IBSD)Takyelpat Imphal WestManipur 795001India Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development Mizoram NodeAizwalMizoram 796001India

Consumption of insects as food has a long history and has been documented by many ***,it is extensively practiced in Africa,Asia,Australia,and Latin America as traditional food providing nutritional,economic and ecological benefit for rural *** today’s world,edible insects are limelight by many researchers and industrialist due to the presence of enormous nutrient potential as well as bioactive *** review mainly focuses on the potential of edible insect for its diverse nutraceutical properties,production and processing as a functional food and its acceptance and boost in the market trends in global *** consumption of edible insects is purely based on ethnic traditional knowledge of the local *** studies on edible insects have shown their potential as source of nutraceuticals with promote health benefit and can be an alternative source of *** of the edible insects are rich source of protein,energy,vitamins,essential fatty acids and *** these insects can be a source of bioactive compounds especially peptides,which can be applied in functional food *** many countries,the traditional knowledge of entomophagy is being applied for production of value-added products using modern technology.

关键词： Edible insects Functional foods Nutrition Biotechnology approaches

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Grain Protection Potential of Decaleside II, a New Plant-Derived Natural Insecticide

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Advances in Entomology 2014年第3期2卷 144-150页

作者： yallappa Rajashekar Thimmappa Shivanandappa Department of Food Protectants and Infestation Control Central Food Technological Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) Mysore India

Decaleside II is the novel trisaccharide isolated from the edible roots of Decalepis hamiltonii that belong to a new class of natural insecticides. In the present study we have investigated grain protection potential and persistence activity of Decaleside II against stored-product pests such as Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae, Tribolium castaneum and Callosobruchus chinensis. Decaleside II usually increased parental mortality and reduced F1 progeny in residual toxicity bioassays. At 7 days of the storage period of treated grains and pulses, the mortality was 100% of all four stored product insects. Both wheat and green gram treated with Decaleside II were totally free from infestation for the longer period of storage up to 210 d. Decaleside II being a natural trisaccharide, does not pose any toxic hazard from the treated grain and the lack of toxicity is attributed to the 1, 4 α linkage of the sugars which are easily hydrolyzed by the digestive enzymes such as glucosidases. Therefore, the insect selectivity and mammalian safety of Decaleside II make them highly suitable for use as novel grain protectants of natural origin.

关键词： Decaleside II Insecticidal Activity Grain Protectants Seed Viability Mammalian Safety

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Phytochemically Functionalized Cu and Ag Nanoparticles Embedded in MWCNTs for Enhanced Antimicrobial and Anticancer Properties

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Nano-Micro Letters 2016年第2期8卷 120-130页

作者： S.yallappa J.Manjanna B.L.Dhananjaya U.Vishwanatha B.Ravishankar H.Gururaj P.Niranjana B.S.Hungund Department of Industrial Chemistry Kuvempu University Department of Chemistry Rani Channamma University Toxicology and Drug Discovery Centre for Emerging Technologies Jain University SDM Centre for Research in Ayurveda and Allied Sciences Department of Electronics Kuvempu University Department of Biochemistry Kuvempu University Department of Biotechnology B.V.B.College of Engineering & Technology

Nanomedicine is an emerging field concerned with the use of precision engineered nanomaterials, which leads to the development of novel remedial and diagnostic modalities for human use. In this study, Cu(NO_3)_2 and Ag NO_3 precursors were reduced to copper nanoparticles(Cu NPs) and silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs) using Terminalia arjuna bark extracts under microwave irradiation in the presence of well-dispersed multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) in aqueous medium. The formation of Cu NPs or Ag NPs and their functionalization with MWCNTs via bioactive molecules of plant extract were evidenced from UV–Vis spectra, XRD, FTIR, FESEM, EDX, and TEM images. The phytochemically functionalized Cu-MWCNTs and Ag-MWCNTs nanomaterials showed enhanced biocide activity, and the inhibitory activity for bacteria was higher than that of fungus. Furthermore, these biohybrid nanomaterials are non-toxic to normal epithelial cells(Vero), whereas they are highly toxic for tested human cancer cells of MDA-MB-231, He La, Si Ha, and Hep-G2. The cell viability was found to decrease with the increasing dose from 10 to 50 lg m L^(-1), as well as incubation time from 24 to 72 h. For instance, the cell viability was found to be *91 % for normal Vero cells and *76 % for cancer cells for lower dose of 10 lg m L^(-1).

关键词： Cu-MWCNTs Ag-MWCNTs Terminalia arjuna bark extract Antimicrobial activity Anticancer activity

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Impact of Workforce and Schedule Constraints on New Nuclear Construction

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Journal of Mathematics and System Science 2014年第5期4卷 338-350页

作者： Kevin Taaffe Innocent Nkwocha Forest denger.Vikram Thouta Terrence Brimfield Clemson University 130-A Freeman Hall Clemson SC 29634 USA South Carolina State University 300 College Street NE Orangeburg SC29117 USA WalMart Inc. 702 Southwest 8th Street Bentonville AR 72716-0310 USA Clemson University 130-A Freeman Hall Clemson SC 29634 USA

Due to recent legislative incentives and a general change in the public eye towards environmental and energy issues, a renewed interest in building nuclear power plants has taken place in the U.S. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has also recently given approvals to build four nuclear reactors in two southeast states, which further indicates the resurging interest in nuclear power in the U.S. Such approvals, however, do not specifically address the impact on having a constrained labor force when manufacturing and constructing multiple reactors. Key findings include the comparison of a constrained and unconstrained workforce on construction and manufacturing completion times, the identification of peak labor requirements based on different construction schedules, and the development of training estimates to ensure the workforce and industry are prepared for the new jobs being created. Results suggest that a shorter planned construction timeline is effective when the workforce is moderately constrained to unconstrained. However, with a severely-constrained starting workforce, a longer construction timeline is preferred. For multiple reactor plans, spreading out the construction start dates outperforms all other construction start date schedules. In particular, heavily compressed start dates could effectively kill a resurgent nuclear industry, especially if workforce expansion is not pursued simultaneously.

关键词： Nuclear construction system dynamics workforce management

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县市级融媒体中心全媒体高清演播室建设的思考

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电声技术 2021年第5期45卷 44-47,52页

作者：张登尔慈溪市融媒体中心浙江慈溪315300

就县市级融媒体中心全媒体高清演播室建设的相关问题进行分析,探讨全媒体高清演播室的功能定位和实际应用,介绍县市级融媒体中心采集、汇聚、制作、发布平台的实际运作需求,提出对高清演播室建设的一些想法与思考。

关键词：融媒体中心高清演播室功能架构

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