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Effect of lysozyme combined with hydrothermal pretreatment on excess sludge and anaerobic digestion

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 36-49页

作者： Xiuqin Cao Songyue Li Chaolei liu School of Environment and Energy Engineering Beijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijing 100044China Key Laboratory of Urban Storm water System and Water Environment(Ministry of Education) Beijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijing 100044China

Anaerobic digestion(AD)is widely employed for sludge stabilization and waste ***,the slow hydrolysis process hinders methane production and leads to prolonged sludge *** this study,an efficient and eco-friendly lysozyme pre-treatment method was utilized to address these *** optimizing lysozyme dosage,hydrolysis and cell lysis were ***,lysozyme combined with hydrothermal pretreatment enhanced overall *** indicate that:(1)When lysozyme dosage reached 90 mg/g TS after 240 min of pretreatment,SCOD,soluble polysaccharides,and protein content reached their maxima at 855.00,44.09,and 204.86 mg/L,*** represented an increase of 85.87%,365.58%,and 259.21%compared to the untreated *** fluorescence spectroscopy revealed the highest fluorescence intensity in the IV region(soluble microbial product),promoting microbial metabolic activity.(2)Lysozyme combined with hydrothermal pretreatment significantly increased SCOD,soluble proteins,and polysaccharide release from sludge,reducing SCOD release *** experiments identified Group 3 as the most effective for SCOD and soluble polysaccharide release,while Group 9 released the most soluble *** significance order of factors influencing SCOD,soluble proteins,and polysaccharide release is hydrothermal temperature>hydrothermal time>enzymatic digestion time.(3)The lysozyme-assisted hydrothermal pretreatment group exhibited the fastest release and the highest SCOD concentration of 8,135.00 mg/L during anaerobic *** SCOD consumption and cumulative gas production increased by 95.89%and 130.58%,respectively,compared to the control group,allowing gas production to conclude 3 days earlier.

关键词： Excess sludge Lysozyme Hydrothermal pre-treatment Anaerobic digestion Gas production

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奖励函数·代码抚触·算法主义:人工智能媒介与知识生产

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现代出版 2025年第2期 33-43页

作者：刘大年曹月中国传媒大学传播研究院

将人工智能作为一种媒介进行考察,如同考察作为媒介的印刷机,具有重要意义。作为媒介的人工智能带来了另一种知识生产方式,成为人类理性与信仰之外的知识来源。神经网络和奖励函数提供了理解人工智能知识与人类知识关系的切入口。人类... 详细信息

将人工智能作为一种媒介进行考察,如同考察作为媒介的印刷机,具有重要意义。作为媒介的人工智能带来了另一种知识生产方式,成为人类理性与信仰之外的知识来源。神经网络和奖励函数提供了理解人工智能知识与人类知识关系的切入口。人类通过奖励函数向人工智能神经网络传递知识目标,而人类知识目标中还包括一系列价值内涵,使人工智能真正理解人类价值目标的过程中存在黑箱问题。在知识论层面,人工智能黑箱带来的是人类知识主体的消解,难以用语言解释的人工智能知识生产过程以“抚触”的形式参与人类生活。人类生活的全部都可以被数据化,被算法系统计算,主客体二元关系以均质化的方式被消解,取而代之的是模式生成。人类的经验材料和认识形式开始不可避免地以算法作为中介,算法主义作为一种新的知识方法出现。人工智能拓展了知识来源,为人类展现了一幅新的知识图景,人工智能知识的未来也就是人类知识的未来。

关键词：人工智能媒介知识生产知识主体算法主义

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数字技术的公共价值审思:价值契合、偏离风险与重构进路

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领导科学 2025年第2期 152-160页

作者：邓文刘欢武汉理工大学法学与人文社会学院

当下社会数字技术发展呈勃兴繁荣之势,深度变革了人们的生产生活方式,同时带来了技术伦理问题。数字技术的公共价值意涵包括社会认可增进、治理理念变革、文化价值多元、公共服务改善,数字技术的公共价值偏离包括文化价值潜在消减、阶... 详细信息

当下社会数字技术发展呈勃兴繁荣之势,深度变革了人们的生产生活方式,同时带来了技术伦理问题。数字技术的公共价值意涵包括社会认可增进、治理理念变革、文化价值多元、公共服务改善,数字技术的公共价值偏离包括文化价值潜在消减、阶层分化鸿沟难跨越、人的自主性空间被挤压、社会公正性遭遇挑战。数字技术伦理问题的根源在于资本与技术的共谋、意识形态腐蚀、算法的强控制性、法律制度监管乏力。重构数字技术的公共价值,要优化技术设计,确保算法公平正义;复归人类主体地位,摆正技术客体地位;重构技术社会逻辑,破除资本话语框架;加大法制监管力度,保障个体合法权利。

关键词：数字技术人工智能公共价值伦理风险价值重构

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阜阳市集中式地下水饮用水源地水化学特征及成因分析

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环境科学 2025年第2期46卷 796-808页

作者：苏贵芬刘桂建刘玥林深安徽省地质环境监测总站合肥230001 中国科学技术大学合肥230026 中国环境科学研究院北京100012 安徽省地勘局第一水文工程地质勘查院蚌埠233000

地下水是阜阳市重要饮用水源,其水化学特征关系到居民饮水健康安全.为研究阜阳地区集中式地下水饮用水源地的水化学特征及成因机制,采集了阜阳市地下饮用水源地地下水样84组,运用数理统计、Piper三线图、Gibbs图、相关性分析、离子比例... 详细信息

地下水是阜阳市重要饮用水源,其水化学特征关系到居民饮水健康安全.为研究阜阳地区集中式地下水饮用水源地的水化学特征及成因机制,采集了阜阳市地下饮用水源地地下水样84组,运用数理统计、Piper三线图、Gibbs图、相关性分析、离子比例系数和因子分析等方法,揭示了该区地下水水化学特征、水化学组分形成机制及控制因素.结果表明,阜阳市集中式地下水饮用水源地水体为中性偏碱性水、高矿化度水,水化学类型为HCO_(3)-Na型;地下水离子特征受“岩石风化”和“蒸发作用”双重影响,其中“岩石风化”更为明显,地下水离子组成会受到外因作用发生改变;地下水中Na^(+)-Cl^(-)、F^(-)-B^(3+)、Ca^(2+)-Mg^(2+)、SO_(4)^(2-)-Cl^(-)和Na^(+)-SO_(4)^(2-)离子来源相同,Ca^(2+)-Na^(+)、Ca^(2+)-HCO_(3)^(-)和Mg^(2+)-HCO_(3)^(-)的离子来源不同,Ca^(2+)-SO_(4)^(2-)呈弱相关,不能大量共存;地下水组分主要受到含水层岩石矿物溶滤作用、阳离子交替吸附作用,地下水中Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)主要来源于方解石的溶解,Na^(+)来源于钠长石等含钠矿物岩石的风化溶解,含钠矿物的Na^(+)与地下水中的Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)发生交换反应,使Na^(+)浓度增加并在地下水中富集,而Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)浓度降低;地下水超采、工农业生产以及生活污水等会对地下水质量造成影响.

关键词：集中式地下水饮用水源地水化学特征水化学形成作用成因机制控制因素

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Compensation for Heterogeneous Unknowns and Performance-Prescribed Consensus

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 173-182页

作者： Linzhen Yu Yungang liu the School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University

In this paper, the multi-agent systems(MASs) typically with heterogeneous unknown nonlinearities and nonidentical unknown control coefficients are studied. Although the model information of MASs is coarse, the leader-following consensus is still pursued, with a prescribed performance and zero consensus errors. Leveraging a powerful funnel control strategy, a fully distributed and completely relative-state-dependent protocol is designed. Distinctively, the time-varying function characterizing the performance boundary is introduced, not only to construct the funnel gains but also as an indispensable part of the protocol,enhancing the control ability and enabling the consensus errors to converge to zero(rather than a residual set). Remark that when control directions are unknown, coexisting with inherent system nonlinearities, it is essential to incorporate an additional compensation mechanism while imposing a hierarchical structure of communication topology for the control design and analysis. Simulation examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.

关键词： Fully distributed protocol funnel control nonidentical unknown control directions performance-prescribed consensus unknown heterogeneous nonlinearities

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Uncovering fantastic synergistic lithium adsorption with manganese-titanium based composite nanospheres:Mild synthesis and molecular dynamics simulation insights

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 52-67页

作者： Yameng Wang Zi-Yu liu Yubei Su Yu liu Aoqun liu Xiaoye Zhang Yugang Huang Liyun Zhang Haisheng Chen Wancheng Zhu Department of Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology

In light of the burgeoning energy technology sector and the ever-growing demand for lithium across diverse industrial domains,conventional lithium extraction methods have been proven inadequate due to their limited production capacity and high operational *** work introduces a novel approach to the manganese-titanium based composite HMTO（Mn:Ti=1:4） lithium ion-sieve（LIS） nanospheres,employing lithium acetate dihydrate,manganese carbonate and titanium dioxide P25 as the primary *** nanospheres exhibit relatively uniform spherical morphology,narrow size distribution,small average particle size（ca.55 nm）,large specific surface area(43.58 m2g-1) and high surface O2-content（59.01%）.When utilized as the adsorbents for Li+ions,the HMTO（Mn:Ti=1:4） LIS demonstrates a fast adsorption rate,approaching equilibrium within 6.0 h with an equilibrium adsorption capacity（qe）of 79.5 mg g-1and a maximum adsorption capacity（qm） of 87.26 mg g-1(initial concentration CO:1.8 g L-1).In addition,the HMTO（Mn:Ti=1:4） also delivers a high lithium extraction from the simulated high magnesium-lithium molar ratio salt lake brine（Mg:Li=103）,achieving a qeof 33.85 mg g-1along with a remarkable selectivity(αMgLi=2192.76).Particularly,the HMTO（Mn:Ti=1:4） LIS showcases a satisfactory recycling adsorption *** adsorption capacity remains at a high level,even that determined after the 5th cycle(55.45 mg g-1) surpasses that of the most recently reported ***,the fantastic synergistic lithium adsorption mechanism is deliberately uncovered by leveraging the ion exchange principles and molecular dynamics（MD） simulations.

关键词： Adsorption performance Ion exchange Lithium ion-sieves Manganese titanium composite Salt lake brine lithium extraction

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A monolithic 3D IGZO-RRAM-SRAM-integrated architecture for robust and efficient compute-in-memory enabling equivalent-ideal device metrics

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 322-337页

作者： Shengzhe YAN Zhaori CONG Zi WANG Zhuoyu DAI Zeyu GUO Zhihang QIAN Xufan LI Xu ZHENG Chuanke CHEN Nianduan LU Chunmeng DOU Guanhua YANG Xiaoxin XU Di GENG Jinshan yue Lingfei WANG Ling LI Ming liu Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Compute-in-memory(CIM) based on various devices such as static random access memory(SRAM) and resistive random access memory(RRAM) and other emerging devices such as indium-gallium-zinc-oxide(IGZO) transistor, magnetoresistive RAM(MRAM), and ferroelectric RAM(FeRAM) has been explored for better performance and energy efficiency on neural networks applications. However, CIM based on a single-type device suffers a variety of non-ideal metrics to reach the simultaneous optimal accuracy, density, and energy efficiency. This work presents equivalent-ideal CIM(Eq-CIM), a monolithic 3D(M3D) IGZO-RRAM-SRAM integrated architecture for robust and efficient compute-in-memory enabling equivalent-ideal device metrics. To overcome the non-ideality(variation, endurance, temperature, etc.) of the single-type devices, system-technology co-optimization(STCO) is performed. This work highlights the non-ideality-aware functionality breakdown for robust high accuracy and simultaneous high density/efficiency, by utilizing 2T0C IGZO for temporal activation storage, RRAM for high-density weight storage, and SRAM for accurate CIM. Device-to-algorithm variation transfer is applied to analyze the system-level accuracy. We benchmark Eq-CIM architecture on CIFAR-10/ImageNet, with 5.06× storage density and 5.05×/2.45× area/energy efficiency compared with single-type-device-based CIM, and high robustness(<0.27% accuracy loss) from-40℃ to 120℃.

关键词： compute-in-memory (CIM) monolithic 3D RRAM IGZO 3D-stack simulation

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Runchangningshen paste activates NLRP6 inflammasome-mediated autophagy to stimulate colonic mucin-2 secretion and modulates mucosal microbiota in functional constipation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第9期31卷 100-134页

作者： Xue-Jiao liu Ye-li-ya Ye-er-tai yue-Bo Jia Chen-Heng Wu Xiang-Xiang Wang Ke-Ming Yang Xuan Yao Jiang-Hong Ling Department of Gastroenterology Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200021China School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China Department of Gastroenterology Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalShenzhen 518033Guangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Shaxi Pharmaceutical Co. LtdZhongshan 528471Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Runchangningshen paste(RCNSP)is a paste made of four medicinal and edible homologous Chinese medicine mixed with *** is known for its ability to nourish yin and blood as well as to loosen the bowel to relieve *** pathophysiology of functional constipation(FC)is associated with a reduction in mucin-2(MUC2)secretion and microbial *** To investigate the underlying mechanism of RCNSP against FC through MUC2 and the gut mucosal *** Ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry characterized RCNSP composition to elucidate the material basis of *** model was induced via loperamide gavage(16 mg/kg)twice daily for 7 *** defecation function and gastrointestinal motility to assess constipation *** and eosin and Alcian blue-periodic acid-schiff staining analyzed colonic mucosal *** electron microscope was used to observe the ultrastructure of goblet cells(GCs).Immunofluorescence colocalization,quantitative PCR,and western blot assessed the impact of RCNSP on gene and protein expression within the NLRP6/autophagy pathway.16S rDNA was employed to sequence the gut mucosal *** RCNSP contained 12 components with potential laxative *** enhanced defecation function,accelerated gastrointestinal motility,and maintained colonic mucosal *** treatment significantly increased GC abundance and MUC2 production while preserving GC *** the molecular level,RCNSP enhanced the colocalized expression of key regulatory proteins and modulated mRNA and protein expressions in the NLRP6/autophagy *** 16S rDNA sequencing analysis,RCNSP significantly altered the mucosal microbiota ***,it increased beneficial bacterial strains while reducing harmful ***,RCNSP reduced butyrate-producing bacteria like Proteobacteria,Enterobacteriaceae,Blautia,and Eubacterium and decreased hydrogen sulfide-

关键词： Traditional Chinese medicine Functional constipation NLRP6 Autophagy Mucosal microbiota Mucin Goblet cells

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软坚散结中药抗肿瘤作用机制研究进展

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中国实验方剂学杂志 2025年第1期31卷 276-286页

作者：胡越王林枫李玥刘瑞花宝金中国中医科学院广安门医院北京100053 北京中医药大学研究生院北京100029

恶性肿瘤的全球负担持续增加,发病率和死亡率的上升使其成为全球健康的主要挑战之一。尽管临床上已有多种治疗手段,包括手术切除、放射治疗、化学治疗、靶向治疗和免疫治疗,但这些方法通常会引发严重的不良反应,如组织损伤、免疫功能抑... 详细信息

恶性肿瘤的全球负担持续增加,发病率和死亡率的上升使其成为全球健康的主要挑战之一。尽管临床上已有多种治疗手段,包括手术切除、放射治疗、化学治疗、靶向治疗和免疫治疗,但这些方法通常会引发严重的不良反应,如组织损伤、免疫功能抑制和多药耐药性,从而对患者的预后和生活质量产生影响。中医药因其低不良反应,多靶点、多系统、多途径发挥治疗作用,在癌症治疗领域显示出积极的治疗潜力。特别是软坚散结类中药,其含有的多种活性成分对肿瘤细胞表现出了优良的抑制作用。这些中药不仅能够直接对肿瘤细胞进行攻击,抑制其增殖和侵袭,还能够通过诱导凋亡、阻断肿瘤相关的信号通路、抑制肿瘤新生血管形成等多种机制发挥作用。此外,中药还能通过调节机体免疫状态、逆转肿瘤细胞的药物耐药性等方式,提高癌症治疗的整体疗效。当前,通过调控细胞内信号通路发挥抗肿瘤作用是中药研究的热点之一。信号通路如信号转导与转录激活子3(STAT3)、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)等,在肿瘤的形成和发展中起着关键作用。软坚散结类中药通过影响这些信号通路的活性,调控肿瘤细胞的生长、凋亡和代谢过程,从而实现对肿瘤的治疗效果。基于这些机制,大量实验研究和临床试验已经证明,中医药在抗肿瘤治疗中具有可观的应用前景。为了进一步验证这些研究成果并为中医药的临床应用和新药开发提供依据,对国内外关于软坚散结类中药抗肿瘤作用的研究文献进行系统评述和整合分析,可以更清晰地认识到中药在抗肿瘤治疗中的作用机制,有望推动中医药在全球范围内抗肿瘤治疗的广泛应用,为肿瘤患者带来更多的希望和可能性。

关键词：软坚散结中药抗肿瘤作用机制信号通路研究进展

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Tumor acidic microenvironment activatable DNA nanostructure for precise cancer cell targeting and inhibition

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 415-419页

作者： Yanfei liu Yaqin Hu Yifu Tan Qiwen Chen Zhenbao liu Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Central South UniversityChangsha 410013China Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China Molecular Imaging Research Center of Central South University Changsha 410008China

Precise tumor targeting and therapy is a major trend in cancer ***,we designed a tumor acidic microenvironment activatable drug loaded DNA nanostructure,in which,we made a clever use of the sequences of AS1411 and i-motif,which can partially hybridize,and designed a simple while robust DNA D-strand nanostructure,in which,i-motif sequence was designed to regulate the binding ability of the AS1411 aptamer to target *** the normal physiological environment,i-motif inhibits the targeting ability of *** the acidic tumor microenvironment,i-motif forms a quadruplex conformation and dissociates from AS1411,restoring the targeting ability of *** when acidic condition and tumor cell receptor are present,this nanostructure can be internalized by the tumor ***,the structure change of this nanostructure can realize the release of loaded *** drug loaded A-I-Duplex DNA structure showed cancer cell and spheroid targeting and inhibition ability,which is promising in the clinical cancer therapy.

关键词： Aptamer i-motif DNA nanostructure Logic gate Drug delivery system

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