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Characteristic Mode Analysis: Application to Electromagnetic Radiation, Scattering, and Coupling Problems

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2023年第4期32卷 663-677页

作者： deng xuan ZHANG Di CHEN Yikai YANG Shiwen University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

Recent years, the theory of characteristic modes has emerged as a powerful analysis technique in antenna engineering, providing a means to reveal the natural resonant properties of objects and providing a variety of modal parameters. Based on these modal parameters, advanced techniques have been developed based on the theory of characteristic modes to address a wide range of electromagnetic radiation, scattering, and coupling problems. This review provides an overview of some of the latest characteristic mode-based techniques for wideband design, circular polarization, radiation pattern control, scattering control, and mutual coupling control. In addition, future perspectives are discussed, highlighting the potential of characteristic modes for addressing even more complex electromagnetics problems.

关键词： Couplings Polarization Mutual coupling Electric potential Antenna theory Electromagnetic radiation Characteristic mode analysis

Gastrointestinal tract distribution of Salmonella enteritidis in orally in fected mice with a species-specific fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第48期13卷 6568-6574页

作者： Shu-xuan deng An-Chun Cheng Ming-Shu Wang Ping Cao Research Center of Poultry Diseases College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University Yaan 625014 Sichuan Province China Research Center of Poultry Diseases College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province Yaan 625014 Sichuan Province. China

AIM: To identify and understand the regular distribution pattern and primary penetration site for Salmonella enteritidis (S. enteritidis) in the gastrointestinal tract. METHODS: Based on the species-specific DNA sequence of S. enteritidis from GenBank, a species-specific real- time, fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) was developed for the detection of S. enteritidis. We used this assay to detect genomic DNA of S. enteritidis in the gastrointestinal tract, including duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, rectum, esophagus and stomach, from mice after oral infection. RESULTS: S. enteritidis was consistently detected in all segments of the gastrointestinal tract. The jejunum and ileum were positive at 8 h post inoculation, and the final organ to show a positive result was the stomach at 18 h post inoculation. The copy number of S. enteritidis DNA in each tissue reached a peak at 24-36 h post inoculation, with the jejunum, ileum and cecum containing high concentrations of S. enteritidis, whereas the duodenum, colon, rectum, stomach and esophagus had low concentrations. S. enteritidis began to decrease and vanished at 2 d post inoculation, but it was still present up to 5 d post inoculation in the jejunum, ileum andcecum, without causing apparent symptoms. By 5 d post inoculation, the cecum had significantly higher numbers of S. enteritidis than any of the other areas (P < 0.01), and this appeared to reflect its function as a repository for S. enteritidis. CONCLUSION: The results provided significant data for clarifying the pathogenic mechanism of S. enteritidis in the gastrointestinal tract, and showed that the jejunum, ileum and cecum are the primary sites of invasion in normal mice after oral infection. This study will help to further understanding of the mechanisms of action of S. enteritidis.

关键词： Fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction Gastrointestinal tract Salmonella enteritidis

Corrosion behavior of Al_(2)O_(3)-C bricks in MnO-containing mold slag

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第6期31卷 1486-1492页

作者： Yi-jiang Zhao Guang-qiang Li Yang Wu Cheng Yuan Ze Meng Xiao-xuan deng Yu Liu The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steelmaking Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Research Institute of Technology Shougang Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100043China

In order to explore the corrosion mechanism of Al_(2)O_(3)-C refractories in the mold flux bearing MnO,the immersion test of Al_(2)O_(3)-C refractories in CaO-SiO2-CaF2-MnO slag with different MnO contents was carried out at 1550℃.The results show that Mn particles were observed in the slag after experiment,due to the reduction of MnO by graphite in *** amounts of graphite were observed at the interface between refractories and slag,indicating that the oxidation of graphite is limited by the poor contact between graphite and molten ***,the oxidation of graphite is not the main cause of damage to refractories.A small quantity of CaO·2Al_(2)O_(3)(CA_(2))and CaO·6Al_(2)O_(3)(CA_(6))adjacent to Al_(2)O_(3) grain was detected at the slag/reaction layer ***_(2) and CA_(6) possess relatively high melting points,which is beneficial to hindering the further penetration of ***,the dissolution of Al_(2)O_(3) into slag is still the main cause for refractories *** increase in the MnO content of mold slag decreases the viscosity and then results in the severe corrosion of Al_(2)O_(3)-C bricks.

关键词： Al_(2)O_(3)-C refractory MnO-containing slag Graphite Corrosion

Fundamental research on recovering metals from hot-dip Zn-Al-Mg dross by supergravity separation

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2023年第7期30卷 1324-1333页

作者： Ren-sheng Chu Zhe Wang Xiao-xuan deng Ning-jie Sun Cheng-liang Xu Zhan-cheng Guo State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Research Institute of Technology Shougang Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100043China

The dross generated in the hot-dip Zn–Al–Mg coating process is a valuable co-product,since it contains high quantities of recyclable alloy.A new method to recover Zn–Al–Mg alloy from the industrial Zn–Al–Mg dross was proposed using supergravity *** separation efficiency was analyzed as a function of gravity coefficient(G),separation time,and separation *** separation of Zn–Al–Mg alloy from the dross can be achieved at G>*** alloy content in the dross decreased gradually with an increase in the gravity coefficient,the separation time,and the separation *** alloy ratio in the enriched dross decreased almost linearly as the gravity coefficient increased,and the recovery of Zn–Al–Mg alloy from the dross exceeded 78%;these results were consistent with the results of the FactSage software *** purified alloy can be in-situ used in the hot-dip Zn–Al–Mg bath for *** feasibility of supergravity separation as a promising process for efficiently recovering Zn–Al–Mg alloy from Zn–Al–Mg dross was thus demonstrated.

关键词： Zn–Al–Mg alloy Supergravity Recovery Hot-dip dross Separation

The Use of Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 in a Chinese Population to Predict Cardiovascular Events

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第3期35卷 206-214页

作者： XI Hui CHENG Guan Liang HU Fei Fei LI Song Nan deng xuan ZHOU Yong Department of Cardiology Peking University International HospitalBeijing 102206China Clinical Research Institute Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080China Department of Cardiology Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Centre for Cardiovascular DiseasesBeijing 100029China

Objective To explore associations between lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2(Lp-PLA2)and the risk of cardiovascular events in a Chinese population,with a long-term *** A random sample of 2,031 participants(73.6%males,mean age=60.4 years)was derived from the Asymptomatic Polyvascular Abnormalities Community study(APAC)from 2010 to *** Lp-PLA2 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The composite endpoint was a combination of first-ever stroke,myocardial infarction(MI)or all-cause ***-PLA2 associations with outcomes were assessed using Cox *** The median Lp-PLA2 level was 141.0 ng/m *** a median follow-up of 9.1 years,we identified 389 events(19.2%),including 137 stroke incidents,43 MIs,and 244 all-cause *** multivariate Cox regression,when compared with the lowest Lp-PLA2 quartile,the hazard ratios with95%confidence intervals for developing composite endpoints,stroke,major adverse cardiovascular events,and all-cause death were 1.77(1.24–2.54),1.92(1.03–3.60),1.69(1.003–2.84),and 1.94(1.18–3.18)in the highest quartile,*** endpoints in 145(28.6%)patients occurred in the highest quartile where Lp-PLA2(159.0 ng/m L)was much lower than the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists recommended cut-off point,200 ng/m *** Higher Lp-PLA2 levels were associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular event/death in a middle-aged Chinese *** Lp-PLA2 cut-off point may be lower in the Chinese population when predicting cardiovascular events.

关键词： Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 Composite endpoint Stroke Major adverse cardiovascular events All-cause death Racial difference Chinese population Asians

Investigation of the Column Function in Gradient Column

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 1994年第3期10卷 259-262页

作者： YUN Xi-qin KOU deng-min deng Yi and LU xuan-yu(Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071)

ＩｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅＣｏｌｕｍｎＦｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｉｎＧｒａｄｉｅｎｔＣｏｌｕｍｎＹＵＮＸｉ－ｑｉｎ；ＫＯＵＤｅｎｇ－ｍｉｎ；ＤＥＮＧＹｉａｎｄＬＵＸｕａｎ－ｙｕ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｈｅｍｉｓｔ... 详细信息

ＩｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅＣｏｌｕｍｎＦｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｉｎＧｒａｄｉｅｎｔＣｏｌｕｍｎＹＵＮＸｉ－ｑｉｎ；ＫＯＵＤｅｎｇ－ｍｉｎ；ＤＥＮＧＹｉａｎｄＬＵＸｕａｎ－ｙｕ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙ，ＮａｎｋａｉＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉ...

关键词： GC column Gradientally loaded column Column function

Oxygen transfer phenomenon between slag and molten steel for production of IF steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2020年第4期27卷 402-408页

作者： Yun-qing Ji Chun-yang Liu Hui-xiang Yu Xiao-xuan deng Fu-xiang Huang Xin-hua Wang School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Steelmaking Plant Beijing Shougang Co.Ltd.Qian’an 100041HebeiChina Research Institute of Technology Shougang Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100043China

FeO-containing slag originated from the basic oxygen furnace to the ladle is a major reoxidation source during the following secondary *** slag reduction treatment(slag treatment)is one of the common countermeasures adopted to eliminate the steel contamination by FeO *** oxygen transfer phenomenon between molten steel and slag was studied during the industrial production of interstitial-free(IF)steel,the measured and calculated oxygen activities in steel were compared,and the Fe–O equilibrium at the slag–molten steel interface was investigated by thermodynamic *** slag treatment,the oxygen potential is higher in the molten steel than in the pre-deoxidation slag;this causes oxygen transfer from the molten steel to the slag,decreasing the efficiency of slag *** on this,a two-step slag deoxidation process was *** second step further reduced the FeO *** the other hand,the CaO/Al2O3(C/A)ratio in the refining slag must be controlled,because it affects the FeO activity and inclusion absorption capacity of the *** results suggest that the C/A ratio of 1.2–1.5 and the FeO content of\6%are beneficial to refine IF steel.

关键词： Oxygen transfer IF steel Deoxidation Slag treatment Refining slag

Subsurface macro-inclusions and solidified hook character in aluminum-killed deep-drawing steel slabs

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第6期21卷 531-543页

作者： Xiao-xuan deng Lin-ping Li Xin-hua Wang Yun-qing Ji Chen-xi Ji Guo-sen Zhu School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Shougang Research Institute of Technology Shougang Group

Subsurface macro-inclusions and hooks are detrimental to the surface quality of deep-drawing steel sheets. However, little is known about the relationship between macro-inclusions and hooks. Thus, in this work, two ultralow carbon （ULC） steel slabs and two low carbon （LC） aluminum-killed steel slabs were sampled to study the relationship between hooks and subsurface macro-inclusions, which were detected on the cross-sections of steel samples with an area of 56058 mm2 using an automated scanning electron microscopy/energy-disper-sive X-ray spectroscopy system. Results show that subsurface inclusions larger than 200 μm were almost entrapped by hook structures, whereas the location of other inclusions smaller than 200μm had no obvious dependence on the location of solidified hooks. Furthermore, the number density （ND） of subsurface inclusions larger than 200μm decreased from 0.02 to 0 cm-2 in ULC steel as the mean hook depth decreased from 1.57 to 1.01 mm. Similar trends were also observed in LC steel. In addition, the detected inclusions larger than 200μm were concentrated in the region near the slab center （3/8 width-5/8 width）, where hook depths were also larger than those at any other locations. Therefore, minimizing the hook depth is an effective way to reduce inclusion-induced sliver defects in deep-drawing steels.

关键词： low carbon steel aluminum-killed steel steel sheet deep drawing inclusions hooks

Probabilistic outlier detection for sparse multivariate geotechnical site investigation data using Bayesian learning

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第1期12卷 425-439页

作者： Shuo Zheng Yu-Xin Zhu Dian-Qing Li Zi-Jun Cao Qin-xuan deng Kok-Kwang Phoon State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Institute of Engineering Risk and Disaster PreventionWuhan University299 Bayi RoadWuhan 430072China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering National University of SingaporeBlk E1A#07-031 Engineering Drive 2Singapore 117576Singapore

Various uncertainties arising during acquisition process of geoscience data may result in anomalous data instances(i.e.,outliers)that do not conform with the expected pattern of regular data *** sparse multivariate data obtained from geotechnical site investigation,it is impossible to identify outliers with certainty due to the distortion of statistics of geotechnical parameters caused by outliers and their associated statistical uncertainty resulted from data *** paper develops a probabilistic outlier detection method for sparse multivariate data obtained from geotechnical site *** proposed approach quantifies the outlying probability of each data instance based on Mahalanobis distance and determines outliers as those data instances with outlying probabilities greater than *** tackles the distortion issue of statistics estimated from the dataset with outliers by a re-sampling technique and accounts,rationally,for the statistical uncertainty by Bayesian machine ***,the proposed approach also suggests an exclusive method to determine outlying components of each *** proposed approach is illustrated and verified using simulated and real-life *** showed that the proposed approach properly identifies outliers among sparse multivariate data and their corresponding outlying components in a probabilistic *** can significantly reduce the masking effect(i.e.,missing some actual outliers due to the distortion of statistics by the outliers and statistical uncertainty).It also found that outliers among sparse multivariate data instances affect significantly the construction of multivariate distribution of geotechnical parameters for uncertainty *** emphasizes the necessity of data cleaning process(e.g.,outlier detection)for uncertainty quantification based on geoscience data.

关键词： Outlier detection Site investigation Sparse multivariate data Mahalanobis distance Resampling by half-means Bayesian machine learning