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Post-Harvest Constraints: Fungi and Insects Responsible for Rice (Oryza spp) Losses during Storage in Cameroon

Agricultural Sciences 2023年第6期14卷 785-803页

作者： delphine mapiemfu-lamare Erasmus Nchuaji Tang Youmma Douksouna Ajebesone Francis Ngome Christopher Suh Blaise Nangsingnyuy Tatah Zachée Ambang Department of Agronomic and Applied Molecular Sciences Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine University of Buea Buea Cameroon Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD) Yaounde Cameroon Institute for Basic Sciences Technology and Innovation Pan African University Nairobi Kenya Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology Faculty of Science University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon

The magnitude of rice grain losses during storage is huge and warrants critical attention. We investigated the diversity of fungi and insect contamination related to losses of domestic and imported rice from local mills and markets, stored under room conditions for 10 weeks in Cameroon. The highest percentage discolored grain was on imported milled white rice (3.5%), 10 weeks after storage. In general, imported rice samples contained the highest fungal load with a proportion of 65.90% compared to 34.3% for domestic samples. Weight loss due to insect damage was up to 19.9% in white milled domestic rice. Among the 67 isolated fungi strains, the genus Aspergillus had the highest prevalence (63.8%). From all the samples, 877 insects were collected with 719 (81.9%) of Sitophilus. It is urgent to develop sustainable and affordable storage methods to limit insect and fungi infestation on rice in Cameroon.

关键词： Loss Quantity Quality Safety Cameroon

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Valuation of Rice Postharvest Losses in Sub-Saharan Africa and Its Mitigation Strategies

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Rice science 2021年第3期28卷 212-216页

作者： Sali Atanga NDINDENG Alphonse CANDIA delphine lamare mapiemfu Vohangisoa RAKOTOMALALA Nahemiah DANBABA Kurahisha KULWA Paul HOUSSOU Sow MOHAMMED Ousman M.JARJU Salimata S.COULIBALY Elvis A.BAIDOO Jean MOREIRA Koichi FUTAKUCHI Africa Rice Center 01 BP 2551AbidjanCôte d’Ivoire National Agricultural Research Organization Kwanda P.O.Box 7144KampalaUganda Institute of Agricultural Research for Development BP 2123 MessaYaoundéCameroon Centre National de la recherche Appliquée au développement Rural BB 1690AntananarivoMadagascar National Cereal Research Institute Badeggi P.M.B 8 BidaNigeria Kilombero Agricultural Training and Research Institute P.O.Box 405KilomberoMorogoro regionTanzania Institut National des Recherches Agricoles du Bénin 01 BP 884 CotonouBénin Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute Tower Hill PMB 1313FreetownSierra Leone National Agricultural Research Institute PO Box 526BanjulSerrekundaGambia Centre Régionale de Recherche Agronomique SotubaBP 262 BamakoMali Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Food Research InstituteP.O Box M20AccraGhana University of Buea P.O.Box 63BueaCameroon

Data on rice harvest and postharvest loss in Sub-Sahara Africa(SSA)is scanty making it difficult for stakeholders to appreciate the loss and set priority areas for loss reduction along the value *** address this problem,a protocol was developed and validated for postharvest loss(PHL)quantification in *** losses at each segment were determined by field *** effect of origin of rice(domestic versus imported)and type of processing(white versus parboiled milled)on rice price in 33 markets in Africa was used to estimate qualitative loss for both white and parboiled milled *** PHL for rice in SSA in 2018 is estimated at about US$10.24 billion,representing 47.63%of the expected total *** highest loss recorded was quantitative loss before and during harvesting,followed by qualitative loss along the entire value chain,quantitative loss during milling,parboiling,threshing in that order,with the lowest being quantitative loss during *** areas to be targeted for PHL reduction in SSA and some loss mitigation tools and technologies piloted or suitable for SSA are proposed.

关键词： qualitative harvest harvesting

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Postharvest Adaptation Strategies to the Effects of Temperature Variations and Farmer-Miller Practices on the Physical Quality of Rice in Cameroon

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American Journal of Climate Change 2014年第2期3卷 178-192页

作者： Sali Atanga Ndindeng delphine lamare mapiemfu Wilson Fantong Valentine P. Nchinda Zachée Ambang John T. Manful Centre for Hydrological Research Institute of Mining & Geological Research (IRGM) Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Plant Biology University of Yaoundé-I Yaoundé Cameroon Food Science and Technology Laboratory Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD) Yaoundé Cameroon Grain Quality and Postharvest Unit Africa Rice Center Cotonou Benin

In order to develop simple and adaptable measures to reduce the impact of changing climatic conditions and poor postharvest practices on grain quality, data on temperature and postharvest practices were collected and correlated with physical grain quality parameters for 3 rice development hubs (Ndop, Lagdo and Mbam) in Cameroon. Inter-annual variations in temperature and thermal amplitudes were the highest in Ndop followed by Mbam and the least in Lagdo. When the same rice variety was grown in the hubs and milled with a laboratory hand dehusker, the mean chalky score was highest in Ndop (18%) and least in Mbam (11%). In addition, Ndop recorded higher grain fissures and broken fractions compared to Mbam or Lagdo. Positive correlations were observed between thermal amplitudes, grain fissures and the proportion of broken fractions. However, rice milled using commercial mills located in the hubs recorded the highest broken fractions in Mbam (54% - 63%), followed by Lagdo (43% - 52%) and the least in Ndop (35% - 38%). The type of mills in the hubs was responsible for these differences as Mbam had only Engelberg types mills that recorded higher broken fractions than in Ndop where only rubber roll mills were present (P < 0.05). Lagdo had a mixture of Engelberg and rubber roll mills and recorded intermediate broken fractions. Proper parboiling, recovery and processing of poorly filled and immature grains during parboiling and processing of low-grade and fine broken rice into product generally accepted by the local population were demonstrated as simple adaptation strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of changing climatic conditions and poor postharvest practices on the physical quality of rice especially in sub-Saharan African countries.

关键词： Postharvest Loss Thermal Amplitude Temperature Variations Climate Change Practices Grain Quality

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